Source
(Pub. L. 95–511, title V, § 501, as added Pub. L. 107–56, title II, § 215, Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 287; amended Pub. L. 107–108, title III, § 314(a)(6), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1402; Pub. L. 109–177, title I, §§ 102(b)(1),
106
(a)–(e), (f)(2), (g), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 195–198; Pub. L. 109–178, §§ 3,
4
(a), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 278, 280.)
Amendment of Section
Pub. L. 109–177, title I, § 102(b), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 195, provided that, effective Dec. 31, 2009, with certain exceptions, this section is amended to read as it read on Oct. 25, 2001:
§ 1861. Definitions
As used in this subchapter:
(1) The terms “foreign power”, “agent of a foreign power”, “foreign intelligence information”, “international terrorism”, and “Attorney General” shall have the same meanings as in section
1801 of this title.
(2) The term “common carrier” means any person or entity transporting people or property by land, rail, water, or air for compensation.
(3) The term “physical storage facility” means any business or entity that provides space for the storage of goods or materials, or services related to the storage of goods or materials, to the public or any segment thereof.
(4) The term “public accommodation facility” means any inn, hotel, motel, or other establishment that provides lodging to transient guests.
(5) The term “vehicle rental facility” means any person or entity that provides vehicles for rent, lease, loan, or other similar use to the public or any segment thereof.
References in Text
Executive Order No. 12333, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is set out as a note under section
401 of this title.
Prior Provisions
A prior section
1861,
Pub. L. 95–511, title V, § 501, as added
Pub. L. 105–272, title VI, § 602, Oct. 20, 1998,
112 Stat. 2410, defined terms used in this subchapter, prior to repeal by
Pub. L. 107–56, title II, § 215, Oct. 26, 2001,
115 Stat. 287. See Amendment of Section note above.
Amendments
2006—Subsec. (a)(1).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(a)(1), substituted “Subject to paragraph (3), the Director” for “The Director”.
Subsec. (a)(3).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(a)(2), added par. (3).
Subsec. (b)(2).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(b), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “shall specify that the records concerned are sought for an authorized investigation conducted in accordance with subsection (a)(2) of this section to obtain foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities.”
Subsec. (c).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(c), (d), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:
“(1) Upon an application made pursuant to this section, the judge shall enter an ex parte order as requested, or as modified, approving the release of records if the judge finds that the application meets the requirements of this section.
“(2) An order under this subsection shall not disclose that it is issued for purposes of an investigation described in subsection (a) of this section.”
Subsec. (d).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(e), amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “No person shall disclose to any other person (other than those persons necessary to produce the tangible things under this section) that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained tangible things under this section.”
Subsec. (d)(2)(C).
Pub. L. 109–178, § 4(a), amended subpar. (C) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (C) read as follows: “At the request of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under this section shall identify to the Director or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request, but in no circumstance shall a person be required to inform the Director or such designee that the person intends to consult an attorney to obtain legal advice or legal assistance.”
Subsec. (f).
Pub. L. 109–178, § 3, amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) provided for judicial proceedings relating to challenging an order to produce tangible things.
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(f)(2), added subsec. (f).
Subsecs. (g), (h).
Pub. L. 109–177, § 106(g), added subsecs. (g) and (h).
2001—Subsec. (a)(1).
Pub. L. 107–108 inserted “to obtain foreign intelligence information not concerning a United States person or” after “an investigation”.
Effective Date of 2006 Amendment
Amendment by section 102(b)(1) of
Pub. L. 109–177 effective Dec. 31, 2009, except that former provisions to continue in effect with respect to any particular foreign intelligence investigation that began before Dec. 31, 2009, or with respect to any particular offense or potential offense that began or occurred before Dec. 31, 2009, see section 102(b) of
Pub. L. 109–177, set out as a note under section
1805 of this title.