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wex definitions

Emancipation of minors

All states have laws dealing with the "emancipation" of minors; that is, laws that specify when and under what conditions children become independent of their parents for important legal purposes. A complete reference to statutory provisions for all 50 states, pertaining to termination of parental rights, age of majority or emancipation itself, can be found in the LII State Law pages.

Computer and internet fraud

computer and internet fraud: an overview

Criminal activity involving the perpetration of a fraud through the use of the computer or the internet can take many different forms. One common form includes “hacking,” in which a perpetrator uses sophisticated technological tools to remotely access a secure computer or internet location. A second common criminal activity involves illegally intercepting an electronic transmission not intended for the interceptor.

Federal

Typically used to refer to the United States Government, its legislative, executive and judicial branches, and the statutes, rules and regulations enacted by those branches of government.

See Federalism.

Credit card fraud

credit card fraud: an overview

Credit card fraud is a form of identity theft that involves an unauthorized taking of another’s credit card information for the purpose of charging purchases to the account or removing funds from it.

Contempt of Congress

Definition

Congress has the authority to hold a person in contempt if the person's conduct or action obstructs the proceedings of Congress or, more usually, an inquiry by a committee of Congress.

Contempt of court, direct

Definition

"Direct Contempt of Court" is the inherent power judicial officers possess to maintain respect, dignity, and order during proceedings. Judicial officers are not only Circuit Judges or Federal District Judges, but also may often be specially appointed commissioners or special masters.

Arraignment

Definition

The first step in criminal proceeding where the defendant is brought in front of the court to hear the charges and enter a plea.

Illustrative caselaw

See, e.g. County of Riverside v. McLaughlin 500 U.S. 44 (1991) and Godinez v. Moran, 509 U.S. 389 (1993).

Antitrust violations

Violations of laws designed to protect trade and commerce from abusive practices such as price-fixing, restraints, price discrimination, and monopolization.  The principal federal antitrust laws are the Sherman Act (15 U.S.C. §§ 1-7) and the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. §§ 12-27).  

See White-collar crime

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