plaintiff
Plaintiff is the party who initiates a lawsuit in a civil case by filing a complaint against the defendant or, in some proceedings, the respondent (depending on the type of civil case). The plaintiff seeks a legal remedy, such as damages or injunctive relief, and bears the burden of proof to establish the claims made in the action.
See also: civil procedure
[Last reviewed in September of 2025 by the Wex Definitions Team]
Wex