10 CFR Appendix W to Subpart B of Part 430 - Appendix W to Subpart B of Part 430—Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Compact Fluorescent Lamps
Before February 27, 2017, any representations, including certifications of compliance, made with respect to the energy use or efficiency of medium base compact fluorescent lamps must be made in accordance with the results of testing pursuant either to this appendix, or to the applicable test requirements set forth in 10 CFR parts 429 and 430 as they appeared in the 10 CFR parts 200 to 499 annual edition revised as of January 1, 2016.
On or after February 27, 2017, any representations, including certifications of compliance (if required), made with respect to the energy use or efficiency of CFLs must be made in accordance with the results of testing pursuant to this appendix.
1. Scope:
1.1. Integrated compact fluorescent lamps.
1.1.1. This appendix specifies the test methods required to measure the initial lamp efficacy, lumen maintenance at 1,000 hours, lumen maintenance at 40 percent of lifetime, time to failure, power factor, correlated color temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI), and start time of an integrated compact fluorescent lamp.
1.1.2. This appendix describes how to conduct rapid cycle stress testing for integrated compact fluorescent lamps.
1.1.3. This appendix specifies test methods required to measure standby mode energy consumption applicable to integrated CFLs capable of operation in standby mode (as defined in § 430.2), such as those that can be controlled wirelessly.
1.2. Non-integrated compact fluorescent lamps.
1.2.1. This appendix specifies the test methods required to measure the initial lamp efficacy, lumen maintenance at 40 percent of lifetime, time to failure, CCT, and CRI for non-integrated compact fluorescent lamps.
2. Definitions:
2.1. Ballasted adapter means a ballast that is not permanently attached to a compact fluorescent lamp, has no consumer-replaceable components, and serves as an adapter by incorporating both a lamp socket and a lamp base.
2.2. Hybrid compact fluorescent lamp means a compact fluorescent lamp that incorporates one or more supplemental light sources of different technology.
2.3. Initial lamp efficacy means the lamp efficacy (as defined in § 430.2) at the end of the seasoning period, as calculated pursuant to section 3.2.2.9 of this appendix.
2.4. Integrated compact fluorescent lamp means an integrally ballasted compact fluorescent lamp that contains all components necessary for the starting and stable operation of the lamp, contains an ANSI standard base, does not include any replaceable or interchangeable parts, and is capable of being connected directly to a branch circuit through a corresponding ANSI standard lamp-holder (socket).
2.5. Labeled wattage means the highest wattage marked on the lamp and/or lamp packaging.
2.6. Lumen maintenance means the lumen output measured at a given time in the life of the lamp and expressed as a percentage of the measured initial lumen output.
2.7. Measured initial input power means the input power to the lamp, measured at the end of the lamp seasoning period, and expressed in watts (W).
2.8. Measured initial lumen output means the lumen output of the lamp measured at the end of the lamp seasoning period, expressed in lumens (lm).
2.9. Non-integrated compact fluorescent lamp means a compact fluorescent lamp that is not an integrated compact fluorescent lamp.
2.10. Percent variability means the result of dividing the difference between the maximum and minimum values by the average value for a contiguous set of separate time-averaged light output values spanning the specified time period. For a waveform of measured light output values, the time-averaged light output is computed over one full cycle of sinusoidal input voltage, as a moving average where the measurement interval is incremented by one sample for each successive measurement value.
2.11. Power factor means the measured input power (watts) divided by the product of the measured RMS input voltage (volts) and the measured RMS input current (amps).
2.12. Rated input voltage means the voltage(s) marked on the lamp as the intended operating voltage or, if not marked on the lamp, 120 V.
2.13. Start plateau means the first 100 millisecond period of operation during which the percent variability does not exceed 5 percent.
2.14. Start time means the time, measured in milliseconds, between the application of power to the compact fluorescent lamp and the beginning of the start plateau.
2.15. Time to failure means the time elapsed between first use and the point at which the compact fluorescent lamp (for a hybrid CFL, the primary light source) ceases to produce measurable lumen output.
3. Active Mode Test Procedures
3.1. General Instructions.
3.1.1. In cases where there is a conflict, the language of the test procedure in this appendix takes precedence over any materials incorporated by reference.
3.1.2. Maintain lamp operating orientation throughout seasoning and testing, including storage and handling between tests.
3.1.3. Season CFLs prior to photometric and electrical testing in accordance with sections 4, 5, 6.1, and 6.2.2.1 of IES LM–54–12 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). Season the CFL for a minimum of 100 hours in accordance with section 6.2.2.1 of IES LM–54–12. During the 100 hour seasoning period, cycle the CFL (operate the lamps for 180 minutes, 20 minutes off) as specified in section 6.4 of IES LM–65–14 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.1.3.1. Unit operating time during seasoning may be counted toward time to failure, lumen maintenance at 40 percent of lifetime of a compact fluorescent lamp (as defined in § 430.2), and lumen maintenance at 1,000 hours if the required operating cycle and test conditions for time to failure testing per section 3.3.1 of this appendix are satisfied.
3.1.3.2. If a lamp breaks, becomes defective, fails to stabilize, exhibits abnormal behavior (such as swirling), or stops producing light prior to the end of the seasoning period, the lamp must be replaced with a new unit. If a lamp exhibits one of the conditions listed in the previous sentence after the seasoning period, the lamp's measurements must be included in the sample. Record number of lamps replaced, if any.
3.1.4. Conduct all testing with the lamp operating at labeled wattage. This requirement applies to all CFLs, including those that are dimmable or multi-level.
3.1.5. Operate the CFL at the rated input voltage throughout testing. For a CFL with multiple rated input voltages including 120 volts, operate the CFL at 120 volts. If a CFL with multiple rated input voltages is not rated for 120 volts, operate the CFL at the highest rated input voltage.
3.1.6. Test CFLs packaged with ballasted adapters or designed exclusively for use with ballasted adapters as non-integrated CFLs, with no ballasted adapter in the circuit.
3.1.7. Conduct all testing of hybrid CFLs with all supplemental light sources in the lamp turned off, if possible. Before taking measurements, verify that the lamp has stabilized in the operating mode that corresponds to its primary light source.
3.2. Test Procedures for Determining Initial Lamp Efficacy, Lumen Maintenance, CCT, CRI, and Power Factor.
Determine initial lamp efficacy, lumen maintenance at 40 percent of lifetime of a compact fluorescent lamp (as defined in in § 430.2), CCT, and CRI for integrated and non-integrated CFLs. Determine lumen maintenance at 1,000 hours and power factor for integrated CFLs only.
3.2.1. Test Conditions and Setup
3.2.1.1. Test half of the units in the sample in the base up position, and half of the units in the base down position; if the position is restricted by the manufacturer, test the units in the manufacturer-specified position.
3.2.1.2. Establish ambient conditions, power supply, auxiliary equipment, circuit setup, lamp connections, and instrumentation in accordance with the specifications in sections (and corresponding subsections) 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 of IES LM–66–14 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), except maintain ambient temperature at 25 ± 1 °C (77 ± 1.8 °F).
3.2.1.3. Non-integrated CFLs must adhere to the reference ballast requirements in section 5.2 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.1.3.1. Test non-integrated lamps rated for operation on and having reference ballast characteristics for either low frequency or high frequency circuits (e.g., many preheat start lamps) at low frequency.
3.2.1.3.2. For low frequency operation, test non-integrated lamps rated for operation on either preheat start (starter) or rapid start (no starter) circuits on preheat.
3.2.1.3.3. Operate non-integrated CFLs not listed in ANSI C78.901–2014 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) using the following reference ballast settings:
3.2.1.3.3.1. Operate 25–28 W, T5 twin 2G11-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 40 W, T5 twin 2G11-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 400 volts, 0.270 amps, and 1240 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.2. Operate 14–15 W, T4 quad G24q-2-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 18 W, T4 quad G24q-2-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.220 amps, and 815 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.3. Operate 21 W, T4 quad G24q-3-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 26 W, T4 quad G24q-3-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.315 amps, and 546 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.4. Operate 21 W, T4 quad G24d-3-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 26 W, T4 quad G24d-3-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.315 amps, and 546 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.5. Operate 21 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-3-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 26 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-3-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.315 amps, and 546 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.6. Operate 27–28 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-3-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 32 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-3-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 20–26 kHz, 200 volts, 0.320 amps, and 315 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.7. Operate 33–38 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-4-based lamps that are lower wattage replacements of 42 W, T4 multi (6) GX24q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 20–26 kHz, 270 volts, 0.320 amps, and 420 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.8. Operate 10 W, T4 square GR10q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 236 volts, 0.165 amps, and 1,200 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.9. Operate 16 W, T4 square GR10q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.195 amps, and 878 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.10. Operate 21 W, T4 square GR10q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 220 volts, 0.260 amps, and 684 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.11. Operate 28 W, T6 square GR10q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 236 volts, 0.320 amps, and 578 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.12. Operate 38 W, T6 square GR10q-4-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 236 volts, 0.430 amps, and 439 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.13. Operate 55 W, T6 square GRY10q-3-based lamps using the following reference ballast settings: 60 Hz, 236 volts, 0.430 amps, and 439 ohms.
3.2.1.3.3.14. For all other lamp designs not listed in ANSI C78.901–2014 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) or section 3.2.1.3.3 of this appendix:
3.2.1.3.3.14.1. If the lamp is a lower wattage replacement of a lamp with specifications in ANSI C78.901–2014, use the reference ballast characteristics of the corresponding higher wattage lamp replacement in ANSI C78.901–2014.
3.2.1.3.3.14.2. For all other lamps, use the reference ballast characteristics in ANSI C78.901–2014 for a lamp with the most similar shape, diameter, and base specifications, and next closest wattage.
3.2.2. Test Methods, Measurements, and Calculations
3.2.2.1. Season CFLs. (See section 3.1.3 of this appendix.)
3.2.2.2. Stabilize CFLs as specified in section 6.2.1 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.3. Measure the input power (in watts), the input voltage (in volts), and the input current (in amps) as specified in section 5.0 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.4. Measure initial lumen output as specified in section 6.3.1 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and in accordance with IESNA LM–78–07 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.5. Measure lumen output at 1,000 hours as specified in section 6.3.1 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and in accordance with IESNA LM–78–07 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.6. Measure lumen output at 40 percent of lifetime of a compact fluorescent lamp (as defined in 10 CFR 430.2) as specified in section 6.3.1 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and in accordance with IESNA LM–78–07 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.7. Determine CCT as specified in section 6.4 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and in accordance with CIE 15 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.8. Determine CRI as specified in section 6.4 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and in accordance with CIE 13.3 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.2.2.9. Determine initial lamp efficacy by dividing measured initial lumen output by the measured initial input power.
3.2.2.10. Determine lumen maintenance at 1,000 hours by dividing measured lumen output at 1,000 hours by the measured initial lumen output.
3.2.2.11. Determine lumen maintenance at 40 percent of lifetime of a compact fluorescent lamp (as defined in § 430.2) by dividing measured lumen output at 40 percent of lifetime of a compact fluorescent lamp (as defined in § 430.2) by the measured initial lumen output.
3.2.2.12. Determine power factor by dividing the measured input power (watts) by the product of measured RMS input voltage (volts) and measured RMS input current (amps).
3.3. Test Method for Time to Failure and Rapid Cycle Stress Test.
Determine time to failure for integrated and non-integrated CFLs. Conduct rapid cycle stress testing for integrated CFLs only. Disregard section 3.0 of IES LM–65–14.
3.3.1. Test Conditions and Setup
3.3.1.1. Test half of the units in the base up position and half of the units in the base down position; if the position is restricted by the manufacturer, test in the manufacturer-specified position.
3.3.1.2. Establish the ambient and physical conditions and electrical conditions in accordance with the specifications in sections 4.0 and 5.0 of IES LM–65–14 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). Do not, however, test lamps in fixtures or luminaires.
3.3.1.3. Non-integrated CFLs must adhere to ballast requirements as specified in section 3.2.1.3 of this appendix.
3.3.2. Test Methods and Measurements
3.3.2.1. Season CFLs. (See section 3.1.3 of this appendix.)
3.3.2.2. Measure time to failure of CFLs as specified in section 6.0 of IES LM–65–14 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.3.2.3. Conduct rapid cycle stress testing of integrated CFLs as specified in section 6.0 of IES LM–65–14 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), except cycle the lamp continuously with each cycle consisting of one 5-minute ON period followed by one 5-minute OFF period.
3.4. Test Method for Start Time.
Determine start time for integrated CFLs only.
3.4.1. Test Conditions and Setup
3.4.1.1. Test all units in the base up position; if the position is restricted by the manufacturer, test units in the manufacturer-specified position.
3.4.1.2. Establish the ambient conditions, power supply, auxiliary equipment, circuit setup, lamp connections, and instrumentation in accordance with the specifications in sections 4.0 and 5.0 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), except maintain ambient temperature at 25 ± 1 °C (77 ± 1.8 °F).
3.4.2. Test Methods and Measurement
3.4.2.1. Season CFLs. (See section 3.1.3 of this appendix.)
3.4.2.2. After seasoning, store units at 25 ± 5 °C ambient temperature for a minimum of 16 hours prior to the test, after which the ambient temperature must be 25 ± 1 °C for a minimum of 2 hours immediately prior to the test. Any units that have been off for more than 24 hours must be operated for a minimum of 3.0 hours and then be turned off for 16 to 24 hours prior to testing.
3.4.2.3. Connect multichannel oscilloscope with data storage capability to record input voltage to CFL and light output. Set oscilloscope to trigger at 10 V lamp input voltage. Set oscilloscope vertical scale such that vertical resolution is 1 percent of measured initial light output or finer. Set oscilloscope to sample the light output waveform at a minimum rate of 2 kHz.
3.4.2.4. Operate the CFL at the rated voltage and frequency.
3.4.2.5. Upon the commencement of start time testing, record sampled light output until start plateau has been determined.
3.4.2.6. Calculate the time-averaged light output value at least once every millisecond where the time-averaged light output is computed over one full cycle of sinusoidal input voltage, as a moving average where the measurement interval is incremented by one sample for each successive measurement value.
3.4.2.7. Determine start time.
4. Standby Mode Test Procedure
Measure standby mode energy consumption for only integrated CFLs that are capable of operating in standby mode. The standby mode test method in this section may be completed before or after the active test method for determining lumen output, input power, CCT, CRI, and power factor in section 3 of this appendix. The standby mode test method in this section must be completed before the active mode test method for determining time to failure in section 3.3 of this appendix. The standby mode test method must be completed in accordance with applicable provisions in section 3.1.
4.1. Test Conditions and Setup
4.1.1. Position half of the units in the sample in the base up position and half of the units in the base down position; if the position is restricted by the manufacturer, test units in the manufacturer-specified position.
4.1.2. Establish the ambient conditions (including air flow), power supply, electrical settings, and instrumentation in accordance with the specifications in sections 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 of IES LM–66 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), except maintain ambient temperature at 25 ± 1 °C (77 ± 1.8 °F).
4.2. Test Methods, Measurements, and Calculations
4.2.1. Season CFLs. (See section 3.1.3 of this appendix.)
4.2.2. Connect the integrated CFL to the manufacturer-specified wireless control network (if applicable) and configure the integrated CFL in standby mode by sending a signal to the integrated CFL instructing it to have zero light output. The integrated CFL must remain connected to the network throughout the entire duration of the test.
4.2.3. Stabilize the integrated CFL prior to measurement as specified in section 5 of IEC 62301–W (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
4.2.4. Measure the standby mode energy consumption in watts as specified in section 5 of IEC 62301–W (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).