7 CFR § 51.1837 - Classification of defects.

Table I

Factor	Damage	Serious damage	Very serious damage
Ammoniation	Not occurring as light speck type, or detracts more than discoloration permitted in the grade	Scars are cracked or dark and aggregating more than a circle 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Bruises	Segment walls are collapsed, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured	Segment walls are collapsed, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured	Fruit is split open, peel is badly watersoaked, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured causing a mushy condition affecting all segments more than 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) at bruised area or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when affecting more than one area on the fruit.
Buckskin	Aggregating more than a circle 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface	Aggregating more than 50 percent of the surface.
Caked melanose	Aggregating more than a circle 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than a circle 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Creasing	Materially weakens the skin, or extends over more than one-third of the surface	Seriously weakens the skin, or extends over more than one-half of the surface	Very seriously weakens the skin, or is distributed over practically the entire surface.
Dryness or mushy condition	Affecting all segments more than 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit	Affecting all segments more than 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit	Affecting all segments more than 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit.
Green spots	Aggregating more than a circle 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than a circle 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Oil spots	Aggregating more than a circle 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than a circle 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Scab	Materially detracts from the shape or texture, or aggregating more than a circle 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) in diameter	Seriously detracts from the shape or texture, or aggregating more than a circle 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Scale	Aggregating more than a circle 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than a circle 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Scars, Hail, and Thorn scratches [For smooth or fairly smooth superficial scars see § 51.1828.]	Deep or rough aggregating more than a circle 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) in diameter; slightly rough with slight depth aggregating more than a circle 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter; smooth or fairly smooth with slight depth aggregating more than a circle 1 1/8 inches (28.6 mm) in diameter	Deep or rough aggregating more than a circle 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter; slightly rough with slight depth aggregating more than a circle 1 1/8 inches (28.6 mm) in diameter; smooth or fairly smooth with slight depth aggregating more than 10 percent of fruit surface	Deep or rough or unsightly that appearance is very seriously affected.
Skin breakdown	Aggregating more than a circle 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than a circle 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Sprayburn	Skin is hard and aggregating more than a circle 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter	Skin is hard and aggregating more than a circle 1 1/4 inches (31.8 mm) in diameter	Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Sunburn	Skin is flattened, dry, darkened, or hard and the affected area exceeds 25 percent of the surface	Skin is hard and affects more than one-third of the surface	Aggregating more than 50 percent of the surface.

Note: All references to area or aggregate area, or length are based on a tangerine 2 1/2 inches in diameter (63.5 mm), allowing proportionately greater areas on larger fruit and lesser areas on smaller fruit.