Bypass lines
(6) Bypass lines. Beginning on the compliance dates specified in 63.1102(c), the use of a bypass line at any time on a closed vent system to divert emissions subject to the requirements in Table 7 to 63.1103(e) to the atmosphere or to a control device not meeting the requirements specified in Table 7 of this subpart is an emissions standards violation. If the owner or operator is subject to the bypass monitoring requirements of 63.983(a)(3) of subpart SS, then the owner or operator must continue to comply with the requirements in 63.983(a)(3) of subpart SS and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements in 63.998(d)(1)(ii) and 63.999(c)(2) of subpart SS, in addition to paragraph (e)(9) of this section, the recordkeeping requirements specified in 63.1109(g), and the reporting requirements specified in 63.1110(e)(6). For purposes of compliance with this paragraph, the phrase Except for equipment needed for safety purposes such as pressure relief devices, low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, and open-ended valves or lines in 63.983(a)(3) does not apply; instead, the exemptions specified in paragraph (e)(6)(i) and (ii) of this section apply. (i) Except for pressure relief devices subject to 40 CFR 63.1107(h)(4), equipment such as low leg drains and equipment subject to the requirements specified in paragraph (f) of Table 7 to 63.1103(e) are not subject to this paragraph (e)(6) of this section. (ii) Open-ended valves or lines that use a cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve and follow the requirements specified in 60.482-6(a)(2), (b), and (c) or follow requirements codified in another regulation that are the same as 60.482-6(a)(2), (b), and (c) are not subject to this paragraph (e)(6) of this section. (7) Decoking operation standards for ethylene cracking furnaces. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in 63.1102(c), the owner or operator must comply with paragraph (e)(7)(i) of this section and also use at least two of the control measures specified in paragraphs (e)(7)(ii) through (v) of this section to minimize coke combustion emissions from the decoking of the radiant tube(s) in each ethylene cracking furnace. (i) During normal operations, conduct daily inspections of the firebox burners and repair all burners that are impinging on the radiant tube(s) as soon as practical, but not later than 1 calendar day after the flame impingement is found. The owner or operator may delay burner repair beyond 1 calendar day provided the repair cannot be completed during normal operations, the burner cannot be shutdown without significantly impacting the furnace heat distribution and firing rate, and action is taken to reduce flame impingement as much as possible during continued operation. If a delay of repair is required to fully resolve burner flame impingement, repair must be completed following the next planned decoking operation (and before returning the ethylene cracking furnace back to normal operations) or during the next ethylene cracking furnace complete shutdown (when the ethylene cracking furnace firebox is taken completely offline), whichever is earlier. An inspection may include, but is not limited to: visual inspection of the radiant tube(s) for localized bright spots (this may be confirmed with a temperature gun), use of luminescent powders injected into the burner to illuminate the flame pattern, or identifying continued localized coke buildup that causes short runtimes between decoking cycles. A repair may include, but is not limited to: Taking the burner out of service, replacing the burner, adjusting the alignment of the burner, adjusting burner configuration, making burner air corrections, repairing a malfunction of the fuel liquid removal equipment, or adding insulation around the radiant tube(s). (ii) During decoking operations, beginning before the expected end of the air-in decoke time, continuously monitor (or use a gas detection tube or equivalent sample technique every three hours to monitor) the CO2 concentration in the combined decoke effluent downstream of the last component being decoked for an indication that the coke combustion in the ethylene cracking furnace radiant tube(s) is complete. The owner or operator must immediately initiate procedures to stop the coke combustion once the CO2 concentration at the outlet consistently reaches a level that indicates combustion of coke is complete and site decoke completion assurance procedures have been concluded. (iii) During decoking operations, continuously monitor the temperature at the radiant tube(s) outlet when air is being introduced to ensure the coke combustion occurring inside the radiant tube(s) is not so aggressive (i.e., too hot) that it damages either the radiant tube(s) or ethylene cracking furnace isolation valve(s). The owner or operator must immediately initiate procedures to reduce the temperature at the radiant tube(s) outlet once the temperature reaches a level that indicates combustion of coke inside the radiant tube(s) is too aggressive. (iv) After decoking, but before returning the ethylene cracking furnace back to normal operations, verify that decoke air is no longer being added. (v) After decoking, but before returning the ethylene cracking furnace back to normal operations and/or during normal operations, inject materials into the steam or feed to reduce coke formation inside the radiant tube(s) during normal operation. (8) Ethylene cracking furnace isolation valve inspections. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in 63.1102(c), the owner or operator must conduct ethylene cracking furnace isolation valve inspections as specified in paragraphs (e)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section. (i) Prior to decoking operation, inspect the applicable ethylene cracking furnace isolation valve(s) to confirm that the radiant tube(s) being decoked is completely isolated from the ethylene production process so that no emissions generated from decoking operations are sent to the ethylene production process. If poor isolation is identified, then the owner or operator must rectify the isolation issue prior to continuing decoking operations to prevent leaks into the ethylene production process, unless the owner or operator determines that damage to the radiant tube(s) or ethylene cracking furnace could occur if the repair was attempted prior to completing a decoking operation and/or prior to the ethylene cracking furnace being shut down. (ii) Prior to returning the ethylene cracking furnace to normal operations after a decoking operation, inspect the applicable ethylene cracking furnace isolation valve(s) to confirm that the radiant tube(s) that was decoked is completely isolated from the decoking pot or furnace firebox such that no emissions are sent from the radiant tube(s) to the decoking pot or furnace firebox once the ethylene cracking furnace returns to normal operation. If poor isolation is identified, then the owner or operator must rectify the isolation issue prior to continuing normal operations to prevent product from escaping to the atmosphere through the decoking pot or furnace firebox. (9) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction referenced provisions. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in 63.1102(c), the referenced provisions specified in paragraphs (e)(9)(i) through (xx) of this section do not apply when demonstrating compliance with paragraph (e)(3) of this section. (i) The second sentence of 63.181(d)(5)(i) of subpart H. (ii) The second sentence of 63.983(a)(5) of subpart SS. (iii) The phrase except during periods of start-up, shutdown and malfunction as specified in the referencing subpart in 63.984(a) of subpart SS. (iv) The phrase except during periods of start-up, shutdown and malfunction as specified in the referencing subpart in 63.985(a) of subpart SS. (v) The phrase other than start-ups, shutdowns, or malfunctions in 63.994(c)(1)(ii)(D) of subpart SS. (vi) Section 63.996(c)(2)(ii) of subpart SS. (vii) The last sentence of 63.997(e)(1)(i) of subpart SS. (viii) Section 63.998(b)(2)(iii) of subpart SS. (ix) The phrase other than periods of startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions from 63.998(b)(5)(i)(A) of subpart SS. (x) The phrase other than a start-up, shutdown, or malfunction from 63.998(b)(5)(i)(B)(3) of subpart SS. (xi) The phrase other than periods of startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions from 63.998(b)(5)(i)(C) of subpart SS. (xii) The phrase other than a start-up, shutdown, or malfunction from 63.998(b)(5)(ii)(C) of subpart SS. (xiii) The phrase except as provided in paragraphs (b)(6)(i)(A) and (B) of this section from 63.998(b)(6)(i) of subpart SS. (xiv) The second sentence of 63.998(b)(6)(ii) of subpart SS. (xv) Section 63.998(c)(1)(ii)(D) through (G) of subpart SS. (xvi) Section 63.998(d)(3) of subpart SS. (xvii) The phrase may be included as part of the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, as required by the referencing subpart for the source, or from 63.1024(f)(4)(i) of subpart UU. (xviii) The phrase (except periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction) from 63.1026(e)(1)(ii)(A) of subpart UU. (xix) The phrase (except periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction) from 63.1028(e)(1)(i)(A) of subpart UU. (xx) The phrase (except periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction) from 63.1031(b)(1) of subpart UU. (10) Storage vessel degassing. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in 63.1102(c), for each storage vessel subject to paragraph (b) or (c) of table 7 to 63.1103(e), the owner or operator must comply with paragraphs (e)(10)(i) through (iv) of this section during storage vessel shutdown operations (i.e., emptying and degassing of a storage vessel) until the vapor space concentration in the storage vessel is less than 10 percent of the LEL. The owner or operator must determine the concentration using process instrumentation or portable measurement devices and follow procedures for calibration and maintenance according to manufacturer's specifications. (i) Remove liquids from the storage vessel as much as practicable; (ii) Comply with one of the following: (A) Reduce emissions of total organic HAP by 98 weight-percent by venting emissions through a closed vent system to a flare and meet the requirements of 63.983 and paragraphs (e)(4) and (9) of this section. (B) Reduce emissions of total organic HAP by 98 weight-percent by venting emissions through a closed vent system to any combination of non-flare control devices and meet the requirements specified in 63.982(c)(1) and paragraph (e)(9) of this section. (C) Reduce emissions of total organic HAP by 98 weight-percent by routing emissions to a fuel gas system or process and meet the requirements specified in 63.982(d) and paragraph (e)(9) of this section. (iii) Maintain records necessary to demonstrate compliance with the requirements in 63.1108(a)(4)(ii) including, if appropriate, records of existing standard site procedures used to empty and degas (deinventory) equipment for safety purposes. (iv) For floating roof storage vessels, the storage vessel may be opened to set up equipment (e.g., making connections to a temporary control device) for the shutdown operations but must not be actively degassed during this time period.