lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions
(1) Definitions In this section: (A) Additional renewable fuel The term “additional renewable fuel” means fuel that is produced from renewable biomass and that is used to replace or reduce the quantity of fossil fuel present in home heating oil or jet fuel. (B) Advanced biofuel (i) In general The term “advanced biofuel” means renewable fuel, other than ethanol derived from corn starch, that has lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the Administrator, after notice and opportunity for comment, that are at least 50 percent less than baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. (ii) Inclusions The types of fuels eligible for consideration as “advanced biofuel” may include any of the following: (I) Ethanol derived from cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin. (II) Ethanol derived from sugar or starch (other than corn starch). (III) Ethanol derived from waste material, including crop residue, other vegetative waste material, animal waste, and food waste and yard waste. (IV) Biomass-based diesel. (V) Biogas (including landfill gas and sewage waste treatment gas) produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass. (VI) Butanol or other alcohols produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass. (VII) Other fuel derived from cellulosic biomass. (C) Baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions The term “baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions” means the average lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the Administrator, after notice and opportunity for comment, for gasoline or diesel (whichever is being replaced by the renewable fuel) sold or distributed as transportation fuel in 2005. (D) Biomass-based diesel The term “biomass-based diesel” means renewable fuel that is biodiesel as defined in section 13220(f) of this title and that has lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the Administrator, after notice and opportunity for comment, that are at least 50 percent less than the baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, renewable fuel derived from co-processing biomass with a petroleum feedstock shall be advanced biofuel if it meets the requirements of subparagraph (B), but is not biomass-based diesel. (E) Cellulosic biofuel The term “cellulosic biofuel” means renewable fuel derived from any cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin that is derived from renewable biomass and that has lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the Administrator, that are at least 60 percent less than the baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. (F) Conventional biofuel The term “conventional biofuel” means renewable fuel that is ethanol derived from corn starch. (G) Greenhouse gas The term “greenhouse gas” means carbon dioxide, hydrofluorocarbons, methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride. The Administrator may include any other anthropogenically-emitted gas that is determined by the Administrator, after notice and comment, to contribute to global warming. (H) Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions The term “lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions” means the aggregate quantity of greenhouse gas emissions (including direct emissions and significant indirect emissions such as significant emissions from land use changes), as determined by the Administrator, related to the full fuel lifecycle, including all stages of fuel and feedstock production and distribution, from feedstock generation or extraction through the distribution and delivery and use of the finished fuel to the ultimate consumer, where the mass values for all greenhouse gases are adjusted to account for their relative global warming potential. (I) Renewable biomass The term “renewable biomass” means each of the following: (i) Planted crops and crop residue harvested from agricultural land cleared or cultivated at any time prior to December 19, 2007 , that is either actively managed or fallow, and nonforested. (ii) Planted trees and tree residue from actively managed tree plantations on non-federal land cleared at any time prior to December 19, 2007 , including land belonging to an Indian tribe or an Indian individual, that is held in trust by the United States or subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States. (iii) Animal waste material and animal byproducts. (iv) Slash and pre-commercial thinnings that are from non-federal 10 forestlands, including forestlands belonging to an Indian tribe or an Indian individual, that are held in trust by the United States or subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States, but not forests or forestlands that are ecological communities with a global or State ranking of critically imperiled, imperiled, or rare pursuant to a State Natural Heritage Program, old growth forest, or late successional forest. (v) Biomass obtained from the immediate vicinity of buildings and other areas regularly occupied by people, or of public infrastructure, at risk from wildfire. (vi) Algae. (vii) Separated yard waste or food waste, including recycled cooking and trap grease. (J) Renewable fuel The term “renewable fuel” means fuel that is produced from renewable biomass and that is used to replace or reduce the quantity of fossil fuel present in a transportation fuel. (K) Small refinery The term “small refinery” means a refinery for which the average aggregate daily crude oil throughput for a calendar year (as determined by dividing the aggregate throughput for the calendar year by the number of days in the calendar year) does not exceed 75,000 barrels. (L) Transportation fuel The term “transportation fuel” means fuel for use in motor vehicles, motor vehicle engines, nonroad vehicles, or nonroad engines (except for ocean-going vessels).