Alabama

Alabama Code § 13A-11-72 regulates firearm possession by individuals with violent or domestic violence-related criminal histories or mental-health disqualifications.

Alabama Code § 16-40A-5 governs classroom instruction on sexual orientation and gender identity within the Alabama public schools.

Alabama Code § 16-40A-2, outlines the required elements of sex education in the Alabama's public schools. The statute mandates that instruction emphasize abstinence as the only fully effective means of preventing unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, and that abstinence outside marriage is the expected social norm for unmarried students.

The Alabama Vulnerable Child Compassion and Protection Act establishes state controls over gender-identity-related medical and educational interventions for minors. Section 2 sets the legislative findings, declaring that a child’s biological sex is immutable and that medical treatments intended to affirm a different gender present experimental risks. 

Alabama Code § 26-21-4 establishes the state’s judicial bypass procedure, permitting a pregnant minor to seek court authorization for an abortion without parental consent.

Title 30 of the Alabama Code addresses marital and family relations and outlines the state’s statutory framework for preventing and responding to domestic violence.

The Alabama Constitution contains several provisions relevant to matters of reproduction, marriage, and freedom of religion.

In Anonymous v. Anonymous, 469 So. 2d 588 (Ala. 1985), the Supreme Court of Alabama addressed whether parents could obtain court authorization to sterilize their minor daughter, who was fourteen years old and had significant intellectual disabilities. The parents argued that sterilization was necessary to prevent pregnancy, which they believed would endanger her health and well-being.

In Bonner v. State, 740 So. 2d 439 (Ala. Crim. App. 1998), the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals considered whether expert testimony on battered woman syndrome was admissible to support a self-defense claim.

In Ex parte Alabama Department of Youth Services (2003), the Supreme Court of Alabama addressed claims brought by two female minors, Jane Doe 1 and Jane Doe 2, who alleged they were sexually harassed and abused while in the custody of the Department of Youth Services (DYS). The plaintiffs filed suit against DYS and its executive director under Title IX, 42 U.S.C.