human trafficking

In 2008, Tanzania adopted the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act (ATPA) to combat human trafficking, mandate stricter investigation and prosecution, and afford protection to victims of trafficking. This report: explains and evaluates the ATPA, including the effectiveness of its implementation since its enactment in 2008; describes similar acts around the world, including an evaluation of those laws’ implementation and effectiveness; offers specific recommendations for Tanzania to enhance the effectiveness of its anti-trafficking law.

In Bachpan Bachao Andolan v. Union of India & Others, the non-governmental organization Bachpan Bachao Andolan petitioned the Supreme Court of India to address the use of child performers in traveling circuses. A study revealed that children were being trafficked from Nepal or taken from their homes, forced to work as child laborers, and subjected to mental, physical, and sexual abuse.

Clorinda Mora Romero was sentenced to jail for seven years and six months after the lower court of Asunción found that she was guilty with her co-defendant, Guido Arturo Villalba, of human trafficking with the purpose of sexual exploitation. She appealed the sentence, and the court of appeals rejected her motion, confirming the lower court's sentence. Finally, she challenged the decision before the Supreme Court, which dismissed the action in 2016.

The defendants were convicted in a Paraguayan trial court for mistreatment of persons, in violation of Article 129 of the Penal Code, for deceiving several women into thinking that the defendants had found them jobs as grocery store cashiers in Spain, and then trying to force the women to work at a brothel upon their arrival in Spain. The appellate court reversed the conviction, saying the trial court lacked jurisdiction because in a case where a crime begins in one jurisdiction and is completed in another, the latter jurisdiction; in this case, Spain, should hear the case.

The Counter-Trafficking Act of Saint Lucia is designed to prevent and combat the trafficking of women and children. The Act criminalizes trafficking and related acts such as assisting, conspiring, or directing others, with penalties of up to EC$100,000, five years’ imprisonment, or both upon summary conviction.

The appellant appeals his conviction for trafficking in persons for the purposes of prostitution in violation of Penal Law sec.

Cheng Kwong-Chung was charged with four offenses. Wong Lai-Ming was charged with two offenses. Cheng’s first and third charges alleged conspiracy to possess a false instrument, contrary to section 75(1) and section 159A of the Crimes Ordinance, Cap. 200. Count 1 alleged that Cheng conspired with other defendants to possess a false passport, which he knew was false. Cheng and Wong also allegedly conspired to provide Lu Quifeng to enable her to possess a false US passport with knowledge that it was false. Several other fraud charges were brought.

Law No. 12,015, of August 7, 2009, amended Title VI of the Brazilian Penal Code to redefine and expand crimes against sexual dignity. The reform reorganized provisions on sexual crimes, establishing new classifications and penalties for acts against sexual freedom, crimes against vulnerable persons, and offenses related to prostitution and human trafficking for sexual exploitation.

This law amends Paraguay’s Criminal Code and establishes, among other things, penalties for (i) sexual harassment, Article 133; (ii) domestic violence, Article 229; (iii) sexual coercion, including sexual abuse without intercourse, Article 128; (iv) human trafficking, Article 129; (v) sexual abuse of defenseless victims, Article 130; and (vi) sexual abuse of persons held in custody, children under 14, and/or persons under guardianship, Articles 130, 131, 135, 136, 137 and 230.

Law No. 7128 (2023) approving the agreement between the Republic of Paraguay and the Plurinational State of Bolivia to strengthen the fight against trafficking in persons and related crimes, approves the bilateral agreement between Paraguay and Bolivia to cooperate in the prevention of human trafficking. The agreement provides that both countries will cooperate in formulating policies and programs to prevent human trafficking and related crimes, which includes coordinating with international and non-profit organizations and the private sector.