personhood

Article 19 of the Argentine Civil and Commercial Code provides that legal existence begins at conception. Article 20 establishes a rebuttable presumption that pregnancy lasts no more than 300 days and no fewer than 180 days, not counting the day of birth. Article 21 states that the rights and obligations of a conceived or implanted person vest irrevocably if the child is born alive. If the child is not born alive, the law treats the person as never having existed. The law presumes live birth unless proven otherwise.

In the case LePage v. Center for Reproductive Medicine, P.C., 403 So. 3d 747 (Ala. 2024), the Supreme Court of Alabama expanded the reach of the state’s Wrongful Death of a Minor Act to include frozen embryos created through in vitro fertilization (IVF).

For the offences of murder or manslaughter, Section 82(1) of the Criminal Code states that a child is considered a "person" once born and existing independently of the mother. Section 82(2) states that the offences of murder or manslaughter against such a "person" may be based on injuries inflicted before the child meets the legal definition of a "person."

South Dakota Codified Laws Chapter 34-23A regulates the performance of abortions. Section 34-23A-1 defines key terms including “abortion,” “fetus,” and “medical emergency.” Abortion is defined as the “intentional termination of the life of a human being in the uterus.” This chapter establishes that abortions may only be performed in licensed facilities under specified conditions, it requires physi

South Dakota Codified Laws § 21-5-1, liability for wrongful death where damages for injury could have been recovered–unborn child, allows a mother or married parents to recover damages for the wrongful death or injury of their unborn child caused by a wrongful act, neglect, or default that would have given rise to liability if the child had survived. The statute expressly recognizes the right to pursue damages for the death of an unborn child when the underlying conduct amounts to at least a felony.