Cal. Code Regs. Tit. 13, § 1961.4 - Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures-2026 and Subsequent Model Year Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles
(a)
Purpose
and Applicability
(1) This section
1961.4 contains the California
"LEV IV" exhaust emission standards for 2026 and subsequent model year
passenger cars (PC), light-duty trucks (LDT), and medium-duty passenger
vehicles (MDPV), and for 2026 and subsequent model year medium-duty vehicles
(MDV). Unless otherwise noted, terms in this section shall have the definitions
provided in Part I, sections B.1 and B.2 of the "California 2026 and Subsequent
Model Year Criteria Pollutant Emission Standards and Test Procedures for
Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles," incorporated by
reference in subsection (c)(1) below. References in this section to "light-duty
vehicle(s)" or "LDV(s)" shall include PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs. A manufacturer must
comply with the exhaust standards in subsections (d) and (e) that are
applicable to specific test groups, and with the fleet average and phase-in
requirements in subsections (d) and (e) that are applicable to the
manufacturer's entire fleet. For purposes of this section
1961.4, all MDPVs are subject to
the requirements of subsection (d) for LDVs and are not subject to the
requirements of subsection (e) for MDVs. The exhaust standards in subsections
(d) and (e) do not apply to ZEVs. ZEVs may not be included in either the
numerator or the denominator of any of the phase-in calculations in subsections
(d) or (e), except as noted in the fleet average requirement of subsection
(d)(1).
(2)
Optional 2025
model year compliance.
(A) In the
2025 model year, a manufacturer has the option of certifying one or more test
groups in its LDV fleet to the LEV IV standards in subsection (d)(2)(A) of this
section 1961.4 rather than to the
standards in title 13, CCR, section
1961.2. If the manufacturer elects
to optionally certify in 2025 model year:
1.
Vehicles in the test group must also meet the following requirements of section
1961.4 applicable to that emission
category from subsection (d)(2)(A): 50-degree Fahrenheit (F) standards of
subsection (d)(2)(D), Cold CO standard of subsection (d)(2)(E), US06 NMOG+NOx
and CO standards of subsection (d)(3)(A)1. or subsection (d)(3)(A)2., the US06
PM standard of 6 mg/mi in subsection (d)(3)(A)4.a., SC03 standard of subsection
(d)(4), and the Highway standard of subsection (d)(5); and
2. The manufacturer must also comply with the
2025 model year fleet average standard of subsection (d)(1) for all test groups
in its LDV fleet, including all test groups certified to section
1961.4 or to title 13, CCR,
section 1961.2 standards in lieu of
meeting the 2025 model year fleet average requirement of title 13, CCR, section
1961.2.
(B) In the 2025 model year, a manufacturer
has the option of certifying one or more test groups in its MDV fleet to the
standards in subsection (e) of this section
1961.4 rather than to the
standards in title 13, CCR, section
1961.2. If the manufacturer elects
to optionally certify in the 2025 model year:
1. Vehicles in the test group must meet all
the following requirements of section
1961.4 applicable to that emission
category from subsection (e)(2)(A): 50-degree F standards of subsection
(e)(2)(B), SFTP standards of subsection (e)(3)(A) or title 13, CCR, subsections
1961.2(a)(7)(C) and
(a)(7)(D), SC03 standard of subsection
(e)(4), and the Highway standard of subsection (e)(5); and
2. The manufacturer must also comply with the
fleet average standard of subsection (e)(1) for all test groups in its MDV
fleet, including all test groups certified to section
1961.4 or to title 13, CCR,
section 1961.2 standards in lieu of
meeting the 2025 model year fleet average requirement of title 13, CCR, section
1961.2.
(3)
Optional engine standards for
MDVs.
(A) A manufacturer has the
option of certifying engines used in incomplete MDVs greater than 10,000 lbs.
gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and all diesel engine MDVs greater than
10,000 lbs. GVWR to the heavy-duty engine standards and test procedures set
forth in title 13, CCR, section
1956.8. All incomplete and
complete MDVs with a GVWR of less than or equal to 10,000 lbs., including
engines used in such vehicles, and all complete Otto-cycle MDVs with a GVWR of
greater than 10,000 lbs. must be certified to the LEV IV chassis standards for
MDVs set forth in subsection (e) and the test procedures incorporated in
subsection (c)(1).
(B) For engines
used in MDVs that are certified to the engine standards of title 13, CCR,
section 1956.8 in accordance with
subsection (a)(3)(A), including those produced by small volume manufacturers,
the engines and MDVs are not subject to the MDV fleet average, emission
standards, or phase-ins of this section
1961.4 and must be certified to
the engine standards, emissions averaging provisions, and test procedures in
title 13, CCR, sections
1956.8(c)(1)(C)
or 1956.8(h)(7), as
applicable to heavy-duty diesel or Otto-cycle engines and as set forth in the
"California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and
Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Otto-Cycle Engines" or the "California Exhaust
Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty
Diesel Engines," incorporated by reference in title 13, CCR, sections
1956.8(b) or (d),
as applicable.
(b)
Abbreviations. The
following abbreviations are used in this section
1961.4:
"ALVW" means adjusted loaded vehicle weight, which is the average of curb weight and GVWR.
"CO" means carbon monoxide.
"FTP" means Federal Test Procedure.
"g/mi" means grams per mile.
"GCWR" means gross combination weight rating.
"GVWR" means gross vehicle weight rating.
"HCHO" means formaldehyde.
"LDT" means light-duty truck.
"LDV" means light-duty vehicle including PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs.
"LEV" means low-emission vehicle.
"LVW" means loaded vehicle weight.
"MAW" means moving average window.
"MDPV" means medium-duty passenger vehicle.
"MDV" means medium-duty vehicle.
"mg/mi" means milligrams per mile.
"NMHC" means non-methane hydrocarbons.
"NMOG" means non-methane organic gases.
"NOx" means oxides of nitrogen.
"PC" means passenger car.
"PHEV" means plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
"PM" means particulate matter.
"SFTP" means Supplemental Federal Test Procedure.
"SULEV" means super-ultra-low-emission vehicle.
"UC" means Unified Cycle Driving Schedule contained in Part II, section D of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
"ULEV" means ultra-low-emission vehicle.
"ZEV" means zero-emission vehicle.
(c)
General Provisions
(1)
Certification Requirements and
Test Procedures. The certification requirements and test procedures
for determining compliance with the emission standards in this section are set
forth in the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant
Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty
Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles," as adopted August 25, 2022, the "California
Non-Methane Organic Gas Test Procedures for 2017 and Subsequent Model Year
Vehicles," amended August 25, 2022, which are incorporated herein by reference.
In the case of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and on-board fuel-fired
heaters, the certification requirements and test procedures for determining
compliance with the emission standards in this section are set forth in the
"California Test Procedures for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Zero-Emission
Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty
Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes," incorporated by reference in title 13,
CCR, section
1962.4.
(2)
Emission Category.
Vehicles certified to a specific emission category in subsection (d)(2)(A) or
in subsection (e)(2)(A) (e.g., SULEV30 or SULEV170 respectively) must also be
certified to the standards throughout subsections (d) and (e) that are
applicable to that same emission category.
(3)
Pooling Provision. For
each model year, a manufacturer must comply with this section
1961.4 including the standards and
phase-in schedules based on one of two options for the model year:
(A) Option 1: all LDVs and MDVs that are
certified to the California exhaust emission standards in subsection (d) or
(e), as applicable, and are produced and delivered for sale in California;
or
(B) Option 2: all LDVs and MDVs
that are certified to the California exhaust emission standards in subsection
(d) or (e), as applicable, and are produced and delivered for sale in
California and any states or the District of Columbia that have adopted
California's criteria pollutant emission standards set forth in this section
1961.4 for that model year
pursuant to section 177 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. §
7507).
1. A
manufacturer that selects compliance Option 2 must notify the Executive Officer
of that selection prior to the start of the applicable model year or must
comply with Option 1. Once a manufacturer has selected compliance Option 2,
that selection also applies for subsequent model years unless the manufacturer
selects Option 1 and notifies the Executive Officer of that selection before
the start of the applicable model year.
2. When a manufacturer is complying using
Option 2 for a given model year, the term "in California" as used in this
section 1961.4 means California and all
states or the District of Columbia that have adopted, under Section 177 of the
federal Clean Air Act (42
U.S.C. §
7507), California's criteria
pollutant emission standards set forth in this section
1961.4 for that model year.
A manufacturer that selects compliance Option 2 must provide, in its end-of-model-year compliance report pursuant to Part I, section J.13 of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles", separate values for the number of vehicles in each test group produced and delivered for sale in each individual state or the District of Columbia.
(4)
Small Volume
Manufacturers
(A) If a manufacturer's
three-year average model year California sales exceeds 4500 units of new LDVs,
MDVs, heavy-duty vehicles, and heavy-duty engines, based on the average number
of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California for the three
previous consecutive model years, the manufacturer shall no longer be treated
as a small volume manufacturer.
1. If this is
the first time the manufacturer's three-year average exceeds 4500 units, the
manufacturer must comply with the fleet average requirements applicable to a
non-small volume manufacturer, as specified in subsection (d)(1)(A) or
(e)(1)(A), as applicable, beginning with the fourth model year after the last
of the three consecutive model years.
2. If, during the four-year time period
provided under subsection (c)(4)(A)1., the manufacturer's annual volume of
vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California for a model year is less
than 4500 units and then exceeds 4500 units, the four-year time shall be
restarted beginning with that model year in which the manufacturer exceeded the
4500-unit limit.
3. If the
manufacturer's three-year average has previously exceeded 4500 units, then the
manufacturer is not afforded a four-year time period and must comply with the
fleet average requirements applicable to non-small volume manufacturers, as
specified in subsection (d)(1)(A) or (e)(1)(A), as applicable, beginning with
the following model year after the last of the three consecutive model
years.
(B) If a
manufacturer's average model year California sales fall below 4500 units of new
LDVs, MDVs, and heavy-duty vehicles and engines based on the average number of
vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California for the three previous
consecutive model years, the manufacturer shall be treated as a small volume
manufacturer and shall be subject to the requirements for small volume
manufacturers beginning with the next model year.
(5)
Fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and
dual-fuel vehicles.
(A) For
fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel LDVs and MDVs, unless otherwise noted,
compliance with the emission standards of this section is required for both the
gaseous or alcohol fuel the vehicle is designed to use and gasoline or diesel,
as applicable. A manufacturer must demonstrate compliance when certifying the
vehicle for operation on the gaseous or alcohol fuel, as applicable, and on
gasoline or diesel, as applicable.
(B) A manufacturer may measure NMHC in lieu
of NMOG when fuel-flexible, bi-fuel and dual-fuel vehicles are operated on
gasoline, in accordance with the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
(C) For fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel
vehicles operating on gasoline, a manufacturer may provide an attestation to
demonstrate compliance with 50 degree F standards. Testing at 50 degree F is
required for fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual fuel vehicles when operating on
the alcohol fuel.
(6)
Equivalence with Federal Standards
(A) A manufacturer may not certify a 2026 or
subsequent model year LDV or MDV model to a California emission category in
subsection (d)(2)(A) or (e)(2)(A) that is less stringent than the emission bin
to which the equivalent vehicle model certifies federally. The equivalent
California model may only be certified to a California vehicle emissions
category that is the same or more stringent as the federal emissions bin. The
federal emission bins are those contained in Table 2 of
40 CFR section
86.1811-17(b), as amended
June 29, 2021 and Tables 2 and 3 of
40 CFR section
86.1816-18(b), as amended
October 25, 2016. The criteria for applying this requirement are set forth in
Part I, section H.1.4 of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
(B)
Exception for Clean Fuel Fleet
Vehicles. Subsection (c)(6)(A) does not apply in the case of a
federally certified vehicle model that is only marketed or primarily marketed
to fleet operators for applications that are subject to clean fuel fleet
requirements established pursuant to section 246 of the federal Clean Air Act
(42 U.S.C. §
7586). For purposes of this subsection,
"primarily offered" shall mean that the model will only be marketed to, and
predominantly sold or leased to, clean fuel fleet operators for such
applications, and that other sales or leases of the model will be incidental
and inconsequential relative to those made to clean fuel fleet
operators.
(7)
Submittal of Information. Unless otherwise specified, reports,
documentation, notices, and requests under this section
1961.4 must be provided to the
California Air Resources Board through the electronic Document Management
System available through the website:
https://arb.ca.gov/certification-document-management-system.
(8)
Attestation. Unless
otherwise specified, where this section allows for or requires a manufacturer
to provide an attestation, attestation means a statement signed and dated by an
individual, who is employed by a manufacturer and authorized to affirm the
attested statement on behalf of the manufacturer, certifying under penalty of
perjury under the laws of the State of California that the attested statement
is true, accurate, and complete.
(d)
Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck,
and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicle Standards. The following standards
and requirements for determining compliance with the standards apply to
manufacturers and their LDVs, which are classified under this section as PCs,
LDTs, or MDPVs, that are produced and delivered for sale in California. LDVs
are tested at their loaded vehicle weight (LVW) for these standards.
(1)
Fleet Average
Requirement
(A)
Fleet
Average Values. A manufacturer's LDV fleet average NMOG+NOx exhaust
mass emission values for each model year shall not exceed:
|
FLEET AVERAGE REQUIREMENTS |
||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
||
|
Model Year |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
Maximum Percent ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs 1 |
|
2025 2 |
0.030 |
100% |
|
2026 |
0.030 |
60% |
|
2027 |
0.030 |
30% |
|
2028 |
0.030 |
15% |
|
2029+ |
0.030 |
0% |
1 For each model year, a manufacturer may only include up to the specified percentage of its total ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs in the fleet average calculation. See subsection (d)(1)(B) for application of this limit.
2 Only applicable to manufacturers optionally certifying 2025 model year test groups in accordance with subsection (a)(2)(A).
(B)
Calculation of Fleet Average
1. For the 2025 through 2028 model years,
each manufacturer's LDV fleet average NMOG+NOx value shall be calculated as
follows:
Click here to view image
Where:
| FleetAvg | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx value, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| VehTG | = | Number of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California in a test group, excluding any emission-adjusted PHEVs. |
| StdTG | = | NMOG+NOx standard, in g/mi, of the FTP emission category the test group is certified to in subsection (d)(2)(A), including non-emission-adjusted PHEVs at the emission category to which they are certified. |
| PHEVadj | = | Number of emission-adjusted PHEVs produced and delivered for sale in California in a test group that are within the specified percentage allowed to be included in the fleet average per subsection (d)(1)(A) for the applicable model year, rounded to nearest whole vehicle. |
| PHEVfactor | = | PHEV contribution factor for the test group calculated in accordance with subsection (d)(1)(B)4. |
| VehTotalNum | = | Total number of LDVs produced and delivered for sale in California, including ZEVs and emission-adjusted PHEVs that are within the specified percentage allowed to be included in the fleet average per subsection (d)(1)(A) for the applicable model year and including all non-emission-adjusted PHEVs. ZEVs not within the specified percentage may not be included. |
a. For the
purpose of this calculation, "emission-adjusted PHEV" means any PHEV that
adjusts its emissions prior to incorporation into the fleet average using the
PHEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor as calculated in subsection
(d)(1)(B)4.
b. For the calculation
of the maximum allowable ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs to be included in the
fleet average as specified in subsection (d)(1)(A), the manufacturer shall
determine the total number of ZEVs and PHEVs produced and delivered for sale in
California for the model year and multiply the total by the percentage
specified in (d)(1)(A) for the applicable model year, and the result shall be
rounded to the nearest whole vehicle. The manufacturer shall designate in its
end-of-model-year compliance report, pursuant to Part I, section J.13 of the
"California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and
Medium-Duty Vehicles," which of its ZEV and PHEV test groups and the number of
ZEVs and PHEVs from those test groups that it will include in the fleet
average. PHEVs so designated shall be emission-adjusted PHEVs when included in
the calculation of the fleet average. The total number of designated
ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs may not exceed the calculated maximum allowable
value.
c. Except as noted for small
volume manufacturers in subsection (d)(1)(C), all PHEVs that are produced and
delivered for sale in California that are not included in the percentage of
ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs allowed in subsection (d)(1)(A) must be included
in the fleet average calculation using the NMOG+NOx standard to which the
vehicle is certified without any emission adjustment.
d. Except as noted in subsection (d)(1)(C)
for small volume manufacturers, all ZEVs that are produced and delivered for
sale in California that are not included in the percentage of
ZEVs+emission-adjusted PHEVs allowed in subsection (d)(1)(A) may not be
included in the numerator or the denominator of the fleet average
calculation.
2. For the
2029 and subsequent model years, each manufacturer's LDV fleet average NMOG+NOx
value shall be calculated as follows:
Click here to view image
Where:
| FleetAvg | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx value, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| VehTG | = | Number of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California in a test group including all PHEVs. |
| StdTG | = | NMOG+NOx standard, in g/mi, of the FTP emission category the test group is certified to in subsection (d)(2)(A). |
| VehTotalNum | = | Total number of LDVs produced and delivered for sale in California including all PHEVs. ZEVs may not be included. |
a. The PHEV
NMOG+NOx contribution factor shall no longer apply, and all PHEVs must be
included in the numerator and denominator of the fleet average using the
NMOG+NOx emission standard to which the test group was certified without any
emission adjustment.
b. Except as
noted in subsection (d)(1)(C) for small volume manufacturers, ZEVs may not be
included in either the numerator or the denominator of this
calculation.
3. The
applicable emission standards to be used in the above equations are as follows:
|
Vehicle Type |
Emission Category |
Emission Standard Value 1 (g/mi) |
|
2025 and subsequent model year vehicles certified to the "LEV IV" standards |
All |
Full useful life NMOG+NOx LEV IV emission standard in subsection (d)(2)(A) to which vehicle is certified |
|
2025 model year vehicles certified to the "LEV III" standards 2 |
All |
Full useful life NMOG+NOx LEV III emission standard in title 13, CCR, section 1961.2(a)(1) to which vehicle is certified |
1 For test groups certifying to the optional emission warranty requirements in subsection (f)(1), the applicable emission standard value shall be the emission standard value set forth in this table minus 5 mg/mi.
2 Only applicable to manufacturers optionally certifying 2025 model year test groups in accordance with subsection (a)(2)(A).
4.
PHEV
NMOG+NOx Contribution Factor. Except as noted for small volume
manufacturers in subsection (d)(1)(C), for the 2025 through 2028 model years,
the PHEV NMOG+NOx contribution factors for LDVs (in g/mi) are calculated as
follows.
PHEVfactor = Std-0.005 x ZVMTF-0.005 x US06RF
Where:
| PHEVfactor | = | PHEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| Std | = | NMOG+NOx standard, in g/mi, of the FTP emission category the test group is certified to in subsection (d)(2)(A). |
| ZVMTF | = | Zero vehicle miles traveled factor, calculated as follows. For purposes of this calculation, the maximum allowable ZVMTF that may be used is 1.0. |
Click here to view image
| CertRV | = | Certification Range Value as defined in title 13, CCR, section 1962.4(l). |
| US06RF | = | US06 range factor, which is either equal to 1.0 if US06 All-Electric Range is at least 10 miles or it is equal to zero if US06 All-Electric Range is less than 10 miles. The US06 All-Electric Range is defined in the "California Test Procedures for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Zero-Emission Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes." |
(C)
Small Volume
Manufacturers. All LDVs certified by a small volume manufacturer for
the 2026 and subsequent model years must meet the LEV IV exhaust standards in
this section
1961.4. In lieu of meeting the
fleet average of subsection (d)(1)(A) for the 2026 and subsequent model years,
a small volume manufacturer may certify its LDVs to a fleet average NMOG+NOx
value of 0.051 g/mi calculated in accordance with subsection (d)(1)(B) except
as follows:
1. A small volume manufacturer
may include 100 percent of its ZEVs that are produced and delivered for sale in
California in its fleet average calculation for 2026 and subsequent model
years.
2. A small volume
manufacturer may emission-adjust, by using the PHEV contribution factor of
subsection (d)(1)(B)4., 100 percent of its PHEVs that are produced and
delivered for sale in California in its fleet average calculation for 2026 and
subsequent model years.
(D)
Calculation of NMOG+NOx Credits
and Debits.
1. In 2026 and
subsequent model years, a manufacturer shall calculate its LDV credits or
debits using the following equation.
Credits(or Debits) = (FleetAvgReq-FleetAvg) x VehTotalNum
Where:
| Credits (or Debits) | = | Credits or debits earned, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| FleetAvgReq | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the applicable model year as defined in subsection (d)(1)(A) or (d)(1)(C), as applicable. |
| FleetAvg | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx value for the manufacturer for the applicable model year as calculated per subsection (d)(1)(B). |
| VehTotalNum | = | Total number of LDVs used in the fleet average calculation for the model year in accordance with subsection (d)(1)(B)1. or (d)(1)(B)2., as applicable. |
2.
In 2026 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that achieves fleet average
NMOG+NOx values lower than the fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the
corresponding model year shall earn credits in units of g/mi NMOG+NOx while a
manufacturer with fleet average NMOG+NOx values greater than the fleet average
NMOG+NOx requirement for the corresponding model year shall earn debits in
units of g/mi NMOG+NOx.
3. The
emission credits earned in any given model year shall retain full value through
five subsequent model years after the year in which they were earned. For
example, credits earned in 2027 model year may be used no later than in the
2032 model year.
(E)
Procedure for Offsetting Debits.
1. A manufacturer shall equalize emission
debits by earning g/mi NMOG+NOx emission credits in an amount equal to the g/mi
NMOG+NOx debits or by submitting a commensurate amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx credits
to the Executive Officer that were earned previously or acquired from another
manufacturer. A manufacturer shall equalize NMOG+NOx debits within three model
years. If emission debits are not equalized within the specified time period,
the manufacturer shall be subject to the Health and Safety Code section
43211
civil penalty applicable to a manufacturer that sells a new motor vehicle that
does not meet the applicable emission standards adopted by the state board. The
cause of action shall be deemed to accrue when the emission debits are not
equalized by the end of the specified time period. A manufacturer complying
under Option 2 in subsection (c)(3) must calculate the emission debits that are
subject to a civil penalty under Health and Safety Code section
43211
separately for California and for each individual state using the formulas in
subsections (d)(1)(B)1. and (d)(1)(B)2., except that the number of vehicles in
each test group and the total number of vehicles shall be based on the number
of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in each individual state.
2. For the purposes of Health and Safety Code
section
43211,
the number of LDVs not meeting the state board's emission standards shall be
determined by dividing the total amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx emission debits for
the model year by the g/mi NMOG+NOx fleet average requirement for LDVs
applicable for the model year in which the debits were first
incurred.
3. A manufacturer may be
subject to additional penalties under the Health and Safety Code for any other
violation of this section other than the failure to equalize debits within the
specified time period under this subsection.
(F)
Carry Over of NMOG+NOx Credits
and Debits from LEV III to LEV IV. The value of any LEV III LDV
NMOG+NOx fleet average emission credits that have not been used prior to the
start of the 2026 model year shall retain their original value and expiration
as earned under title 13, CCR, section
1961.2 and are available for use
or trade by the manufacturer under this section
1961.4. Any LEV III NMOG+NOx fleet
average debits that have not been offset prior to the start of 2026 model year
shall retain their original value and deadline to be offset as earned under
title 13, CCR, section
1961.2 and must be offset by
credits earned or acquired by the manufacturer under this section
1961.4.
(2)
FTP Standards
(A)
LEV IV Exhaust
Standards
1. The following standards
are the maximum exhaust emissions for the full useful life, as defined in Part
I, section C of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria
Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars,
Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles," from new 2026 and subsequent
model year LEV IV LDVs.
|
LEV IV Exhaust Standards |
|||||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
|||||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG + NOx 1 (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
HCHO (mg/mi) |
PM 2 (mg/mi) |
High Altitude NMOG + NOx (g/mi) |
|
ULEV125 3 |
0.125 |
2.1 |
4 |
1 |
0.160 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.070 |
1.7 |
4 |
1 |
0.105 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.060 |
1.7 |
4 |
1 |
0.090 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.050 |
1.7 |
4 |
1 |
0.070 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.040 |
1.7 |
4 |
1 |
0.060 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.030 |
1.0 |
4 |
1 |
0.050 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.025 |
1.0 |
4 |
1 |
0.050 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.020 |
1.0 |
4 |
1 |
0.030 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.015 |
1.0 |
4 |
1 |
0.030 |
1 Applies only to vehicles while being operated at low altitude.
2 See subsection (d)(2)(A)2. for details of 1 mg/mi particulate standard phase-in.
3 For manufacturers other than small volume manufacturers, the ULEV125 category is only applicable for the 2026 through 2028 model years. For small volume manufacturers, this category is applicable for the 2026 through 2034 model years.
2.
Particulate Standard Phase-in Schedule.
a. A manufacturer must certify a minimum
percentage of vehicles in its total LDV fleet to the full useful life 1 mg/mi
particulate standard according to the following phase-in schedule. Vehicles not
certified to the 1 mg/mi standard must be certified to a 3 mg/mi standard.
|
Particulate Emission Standard Phase-in |
||
|
Model Year |
Maximum % of vehicles certified to 3 mg/mi standard |
Minimum % of vehicles certified to 1 mg/mi standard |
|
2026 |
50 |
50 |
|
2027 |
25 |
75 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
0 |
100 |
b.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the 1 mg/mi particulate standard
as long as the PM emission reductions from LDVs that are achieved using the
alternative phase-in schedule are, by the 2028 model year, equivalent to or
greater than those that are achieved using the phase-in schedules in subsection
(d)(2)(A)2.a. for model years 2026 through 2028 and in title 13, CCR, section
1961.2(a)(2)(A)
for model years 2024 and 2025. For purposes of this section, emission
reductions shall be calculated by multiplying the manufacturer's percent of
total LDVs certified to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard in a given model year
(based on the manufacturer's projected sales volume) by 4 for the 2025 model
year, 3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the 2028
model year. The yearly results shall be summed together to determine a
cumulative total. A manufacturer may also include vehicles certified to the 1
mg/mi standard prior to the 2025 model year (i.e., the percent of vehicles
introduced in 2024 or earlier model year would be multiplied by 4) to the
cumulative total. The cumulative total must be (i) equal to or greater than 500
and (ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's 2028 and subsequent model year LDVs
must be certified to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard for the alternative
schedule to be considered equivalent.
c.
Small Volume
Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of subsection (d)(2)(A)2.a. or
(d)(2)(A)2.b., a small volume manufacturer may certify 100 percent of its LDV
fleet to the 3 mg/mi particulate standard for the 2026 and 2027 model years and
100 percent to the 1 mg/mi standard in the 2028 and subsequent model
years.
3.
Interim
In-Use Compliance Particulate Standards. For test groups that are
first certified to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard in the 2026 through 2028
model years, the interim in-use compliance standard is 2 mg/mi for the first
two model years that the test group is certified to the 1 mg/mi particulate
standard. For example, if a test group that was certified to the 3 mg/mi
particulate standard in the 2027 model year is first certified to the 1 mg/mi
particulate standard in the 2028 model year, the 2 mg/mi particulate interim
in-use compliance standard shall apply to that test group for both the 2028 and
2029 model years.
(B)
Partial Soak Standards
1.
Partial Soak Requirements. For each test group subject to the
exhaust emission standards in subsection (d)(2)(A), a manufacturer shall attest
in the certification application that all vehicles in the test group meet the
following Partial Soak exhaust standards for the full useful life of the
vehicle when operated at low altitude and tested in accordance with the
"California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and
Medium-Duty Vehicles."
a.
Standards
for 10 Minute, 40 Minute, and 3 to 12 Hour Soaks. The following
NMOG+NOx standards apply for the specified soak times.
|
Partial Soak NMOG+NOx Standards |
|||
|
(g/mi) |
|||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
10-minute soak |
40-minute soak |
3-hour to 12-hour soak 1 |
|
ULEV125 |
0.063 |
0.096 |
0.125 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.035 |
0.054 |
0.070 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.030 |
0.046 |
0.060 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.025 |
0.038 |
0.050 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.020 |
0.031 |
0.040 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.015 |
0.023 |
0.030 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.013 |
0.019 |
0.025 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.010 |
0.015 |
0.020 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.008 |
0.012 |
0.015 |
1 These standards apply to any soak greater than or equal to 3 hours and less than 12 hours.
b.
Standards for Soaks Between 10 to
40 Minutes. For each test group, the NMOG+NOx exhaust emissions must
not exceed the standard derived by the following linear interpolation equation
for any soak time greater than or equal to 10 minutes and less than 40 minutes.
Click here to view image
Where:
| eps@x | = | The applicable NMOG+NOx emission standard for a partial soak of x minutes, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| x | = | Duration of the partial soak, in minutes, rounded to the nearest whole minute. Value of x must be greater than or equal to 10 and less than 40. |
| s40 | = | The emission standard for a given vehicle emission category, in g/mi, for a 40 minute soak as given in subsection (d)(2)(B)1.a. The vehicle emission category used to determine the value of s40 must be the same as the vehicle emission category used to determine the value of s10. |
| s10 | = | The emission standard for a given vehicle emission category, in g/mi, for a 10 minute soak as given in subsection (d)(2)(B)1.a. |
c.
Standards for Soaks Between 40 minutes to 3 hours. For each
test group, the NMOG+NOx exhaust emissions must not exceed the standard derived
by the following linear interpolation equation for any soak time greater than
or equal to 40 minutes and less than 3 hours.
Click here to view image
Where:
| eps@y | = | The applicable NMOG+NOx emission standard for a partial soak of y minutes, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| y | = | Duration of the partial soak, in minutes, rounded to the nearest whole minute. Value of y must be greater than or equal to 40 and less than 180. |
| s40 | = | The emission standard for a given vehicle emission category, in g/mi, for a 40 minute soak as given in subsection (d)(2)(B)1.a. The vehicle emission category used to determine the value of s40 must be the same as the vehicle emission category used to determine the value of s3h. |
| s3h | = | The emission standard for a given vehicle emission category, in g/mi, for a 3 hour soak as given in subsection (d)(2)(B)1.a. |
2.
Partial Soak Standard Phase-in
Schedule.
a. In the 2026 and
subsequent model years, the following minimum percentage of a manufacturer's
LDV fleet (based on the manufacturer's projected sales) shall be certified to
the Partial Soak standards of subsection (d)(2)(B)1.
|
Phase-in Schedule for Partial Soak Standards |
|
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of vehicles certified to subsection (d)(2)(B)1. |
|
2026 |
30 |
|
2027 |
60 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
100 |
b.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the Partial Soak standards as long
as it satisfies the following two requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 310 by the end of the 2028 model year, and
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDVs
must be certified to the Partial Soak standards in the 2029 model year and in
all subsequent model years. The total compliance calculation for the
alternative phase-in is determined by multiplying the percent of the
manufacturer's total LDVs certified to the Partial Soak standards in a given
model year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales volume) by 4 for the 2025
model year, 3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the
2028 model year. The yearly results shall be summed together to determine a
cumulative total. A manufacturer may not include 2024 and earlier model year
LDVs in this calculation.
c.
Small Volume
Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of subsection (d)(2)(B)2.a. or
(d)(2)(B)2.b., a small volume manufacturer may certify 100 percent of its LDV
fleet to the Partial Soak standards in the 2030 and subsequent model
years.
(C)
Quick Drive-Away Standards
1.
Quick Drive-Away Requirements.
a. The following standards are the maximum
NMOG+NOx exhaust emissions for the full useful life for new 2026 and subsequent
LDVs when operated at low altitude and tested in accordance with the Quick
Drive-Away test procedures incorporated in the "California 2026 and Subsequent
Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures
for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
|
Quick Drive-Away Standards |
|
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
|
ULEV125 |
0.125 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.082 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.072 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.062 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.052 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.042 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.037 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.032 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.027 |
b.
LDVs are exempt from the Quick Drive-Away standards if both of the following
conditions are met:
(i) the vehicle does not
have an engine start during the first 20 seconds of the standard FTP emission
test used to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards in subsection
(d)(2)(A); and
(ii) the vehicle does
not have any on-vehicle technology (e.g., electrically heated catalyst) that
would cause the engine or emission controls to be preconditioned such that the
NMOG+NOx emissions would be higher during the first 505 seconds of the Quick
Drive-Away emission test compared to the NMOG+NOx emissions during the first
505 seconds of the standard FTP emission test used to demonstrate compliance
with the emission standards in subsection
(d)(2)(A).
2.
Quick Drive-Away Standard Phase-in Schedule.
a. In the 2026 and subsequent model years,
the following minimum percentage of a manufacturer's total LDV fleet must be
certified to the Quick Drive-Away standards in subsection (d)(2)(C)1. LDVs that
are exempt from the Quick Drive-Away NMOG+NOx standards in accordance with
subsection (d)(2)(C)1.b. may be included in the phase-in set forth in the
following table as vehicles that are certified to the standards.
|
Quick Drive-Away Phase-in Schedule |
|
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of vehicles certified to subsection (d)(2)(C)1. |
|
2026 |
30 |
|
2027 |
60 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
100 |
b.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the Quick Drive-Away standards as
long as it satisfies the following two requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 310 by the end of the 2028 model year, and
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDVs
must be certified to the Quick Drive-Away standards in the 2029 model year and
in all subsequent model years. The total compliance calculation for the
alternative phase-in is determined by multiplying the percent of a
manufacturer's total LDVs certified to the Quick Drive-Away standards in a
given model year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales volume) by 4 for
the 2025 model year, 3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and
1 for the 2028 model year. The yearly results shall be summed together to
determine a cumulative total. A manufacturer may not include 2024 and earlier
model year LDVs in this calculation.
c.
Small Volume
Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of subsection (d)(2)(C)2.a. or
(d)(2)(C)2.b., a small volume manufacturer may certify 100 percent of its LDV
fleet to the Quick Drive-Away standards in the 2030 and subsequent model
years.
3.
Interim
In-Use Compliance Standards. For the 2026 through 2028 model years,
the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the Quick
Drive-Away standards shall be 1.2 times the applicable standard in subsection
(d)(2)(C)1., rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. For example, if an LDV test
group is first certified to a Quick Drive-Away standard in the 2028 model year,
the interim in-use compliance standard shall only apply for that test group for
the 2028 model year.
(D)
50-degree F Standards. All LDVs, other than natural gas and
diesel-fueled vehicles, must be certified to the following 50-degree F
standards when tested on the FTP cycle ( 40 CFR, Part 1066) conducted at a
nominal test temperature of 50 degree F, as modified by Part II, section C of
the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust
Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks,
and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
1. These standards
are the maximum exhaust emissions for NMOG+NOx and formaldehyde (HCHO) for
vehicles with less than or equal to 4,000-miles.
|
50-Degree F Standards |
||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
HCHO (g/mi) |
|
ULEV125 |
0.250 |
0.016 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.140 |
0.016 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.120 |
0.016 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.100 |
0.016 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.080 |
0.016 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.060 |
0.008 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.050 |
0.008 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.040 |
0.008 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.030 |
0.008 |
2.
In lieu of measuring and determining NMOG and HCHO exhaust emissions, a
manufacturer may demonstrate compliance with these NMOG+NOx and HCHO standards
by measuring NMHC exhaust emissions in lieu of NMOG emissions and by submitting
an attestation with the certification application that HCHO exhaust emissions
comply with these HCHO standards in accordance with Part I, sections D.1.7.5
and G.3.1.4, respectively, of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
3. Emissions of CO measured at 50-degree F at
4,000 or fewer miles shall not exceed the FTP standards set forth in subsection
(d)(2)(A) applicable to vehicles of the same emission category.
4. In accordance with subsection (c)(5),
fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles shall meet these 50-degree F
standards when a vehicle is operating on either fuel (or blend of fuels in the
case of fuel-flexible) the vehicle is designed to operate
on.
(E)
Cold CO
Standards
1. The following standards
are the maximum 50,000 mile cold temperature exhaust carbon monoxide (CO)
emission levels from new 2026 and subsequent model year LDVs. These standards
apply to vehicles tested on the FTP cycle at a nominal temperature of 20
degrees F in accordance with 40 CFR Part 1066 Subpart H, as amended by the
"California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and
Medium-Duty Vehicles."
|
COLD CO STANDARDS |
|
|
(g/mi) |
|
|
Vehicle Type |
CO |
|
All PCs, LDTs 0 to 3,750 lbs. LVW; |
10.0 |
|
LDTs 3,751 lbs. LVW to 8,500 lbs. GVWR; |
|
|
12.5 |
|
|
MDPVs 10,000 lbs. GVWR and less |
|
2.
Natural gas and diesel-fueled vehicles are exempt from these
standards.
(3)
US06 Standards
(A)
US06 Requirements.
1. The
following standards are the maximum NMOG+NOx, CO, and particulate matter (PM)
exhaust emissions over the US06 test cycle for the full useful life from new
2026 and subsequent model year LDVs.
|
US06 Standards |
|||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
|||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
PM 1 (mg/mi) |
|
ULEV125 |
0.125 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.070 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.060 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.050 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.040 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.030 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.030 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.030 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.030 |
9.6 |
3 |
1 See subsection (d)(3)(A)4. for details of 3 mg/mi PM standard phase-in.
2.
Interim US06 Certification Standards. In accordance with the
phase-in schedule of subsection (d)(3)(A)3., all 2026 and subsequent model year
vehicles not certified to the standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)1. shall be
certified to the following interim standards that are the maximum NMOG+NOx, CO,
and PM exhaust emissions over the US06 test cycle for the full useful life.
|
Interim US06 Standards for 2026 and 2027 Model Year |
|||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
|||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
PM 1 (mg/mi) |
|
ULEV125 |
0.150 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.084 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.072 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.060 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.048 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.036 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.036 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.036 |
9.6 |
3 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.036 |
9.6 |
3 |
1 See subsection (d)(3)(A)4. for details of 3 mg/mi PM standard phase-in.
3.
US06 NMOG+NOx and CO Standards Phase-in Schedule
a. Beginning in the 2026 model year, a
manufacturer shall certify its LDV fleet to the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO standards
in subsection (d)(3)(A) according to the following phase-in schedule and
specified percentages.
|
US06 NMOG+NOx and CO Emission Standards Phase-in Schedule |
||
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of vehicles certified to subsection (d)(3)(A)1. |
Maximum % of vehicles certified to interim standards of subsection (d)(3)(A)2. |
|
2026 |
30 |
70 |
|
2027 |
60 |
40 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
100 |
0 |
b.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO emission
standards as long as it satisfies the following three requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 310 by the end of the 2028 model year,
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDVs
must be certified to the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards in subsection
(d)(3)(A)1. in the 2029 model year and in all subsequent model years,
and
(iii) any 2026 to 2028 model
year LDVs that are not certified to the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards
in subsection (d)(3)(A)1. must be certified to the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO interim
emission standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)2. The total compliance calculation
is determined by multiplying the percent of a manufacturer's total LDVs meeting
the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)1. in a given model
year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales) by 4 for the 2025 model year,
3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the 2028 model
year. The yearly results shall be summed together to determine a cumulative
total. A manufacturer may not include 2024 and earlier model year LDVs in the
calculation.
c.
Small Volume Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of
subsection (d)(3)(A)3.a. or (d)(3)(A)3.b., a small volume manufacturer may
certify 100 percent of its LDV fleet to the interim US06 NMOG+NOx and CO
standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)2. in the 2026 through 2029 model years and
100 percent of its fleet to the US06 NMOG+NOx and CO standards in subsection
(d)(3)(A)1. for the 2030 and subsequent model years.
4.
US06 PM Standards Phase-in
Schedule.
a. A manufacturer shall
certify a minimum percentage of vehicles in its total LDV fleet to the full
useful life 3 mg/mi PM US06 standard according to the following phase-in
schedule. Vehicles not certified to the 3 mg/mi standard must be certified to a
6 mg/mi standard.
|
US06 PM Standard Phase-in Schedule |
||
|
Model Year |
Maximum % of vehicles certified to 6 mg/mi standard |
Minimum % of vehicles certified to 3 mg/mi standard |
|
2026 |
100 |
0 |
|
2027 |
75 |
25 |
|
2028 |
50 |
50 |
|
2029 |
25 |
75 |
|
2030 and subsequent |
0 |
100 |
b.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the 3 mg/mile US06 PM standard as
long as it satisfies the following three requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 500 by the end of the 2030 model year,
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDVs
must be certified to the 3 mg/mile US06 PM standard in the 2031 model year and
in all subsequent model years, and
(iii) any 2027 to 2030 model year LDVs that
are not certified to the 3 mg/mile US06 PM standard must be certified to the
interim 6 mg/mile US06 PM standard. The total compliance calculation is
determined by multiplying the percent of a manufacturer's total LDVs certified
to the 3 mg/mile US06 PM standard in a given model year (based on a
manufacturer's projected sales) by 4 for the 2027 model year, 3 for the 2028
model year, 2 for the 2029 model year, and 1 for the 2030 model year. The
yearly results shall be summed together to determine a cumulative total. A
manufacturer may not include 2026 and earlier model year LDVs in the
calculation.
c.
Small Volume Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of
subsection (d)(3)(A)4.a. or (d)(3)(A)4.b., a small volume manufacturer may
certify 100 percent of its LDV fleet to the 6 mg/mi US06 PM standard in the
2026 through 2029 model years and 100 percent of its fleet to the 3 mg/mi
standard in 2030 and subsequent model years.
5.
Interim In-Use Compliance
Standards.
a.
US06 NMOG+NOx
Interim In-Use Compliance Standards. For the 2026 and 2027 model
years, the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the
US06 NMOG+NOx standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)1. shall be 1.2 times the
applicable standard, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. For example, if an LDV
test group is first certified to a US06 NMOG+NOx standard in subsection
(d)(3)(A)1. in the 2027 model year, the interim in-use compliance standard
shall only apply to the test group for the 2027 model year. Vehicles certifying
to the US06 NMOG+NOx standards in subsection (d)(3)(A)2. must meet the
applicable standard in-use.
b.
US06 PM Interim In-Use Compliance Standards. For the 2026
through 2029 model years, the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles
certifying to the 3 mg/mi US06 PM standards in subsection (d)(3)(A) shall be 4
mg/mi. For example, if an LDV test group is first certified to the 3 mg/mi US06
PM standard in the 2029 model year, the interim in-use compliance standard
shall only apply to the test group for the 2029 model
year.
(B)
High Power Cold Start Standards for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(PHEV).
1.
High Power Cold
Start Standard Requirements
a. The
following standards are the maximum NMOG+NOx exhaust emissions over the Cold
Start US06 Charge-Depleting Emission Test in the "California Test Procedures
for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Zero-Emission Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid
Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty
Vehicle Classes" for the full useful life from LDVs operating at low altitude.
|
Cold Start US06 PHEV Standards |
||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
|
|
2026 to 2028 MY |
2029 and subsequent MY |
|
|
ULEV125 |
0.350 |
0.250 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.320 |
0.200 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.280 |
0.175 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.240 |
0.150 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.200 |
0.125 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.150 |
0.100 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.125 |
0.083 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.100 |
0.067 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.075 |
0.050 |
b.
2026 and subsequent model year PHEVs that meet the minimum criteria in title
13, CCR, section
1962.4(e)(1)(A)9.
are exempt from this requirement. 2026 through 2028 model year PHEVs that meet
the criteria in title 13, CCR, section
1962.4(e)(1)(B)2.
with a US06 all-electric range of at least 10 miles are also exempt from this
requirement. PHEV test groups that are exempt shall be included in the phase-in
schedules of subsection (d)(3)(B)2. as test groups that are certified to the
Cold Start US06 PHEV standards.
2.
High Power Cold Start Standard
Phase-in Schedule.
a.
Three
or more PHEV Test Groups.
i. A
manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California three or more
LDV test groups with PHEVs must comply with the following phase-in schedule.
The phase-in percentages set forth in this table are used to calculate the
minimum number of a manufacturer's total test groups with PHEVs that must be
certified to the applicable standards, rounded to the nearest whole test group.
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of LDV Test Groups with PHEVs certified to subsection (d)(3)(B)1. |
|
2026 |
30 |
|
2027 |
60 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
100 |
ii.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the High Power Cold Start US06
standards as long as it satisfies the following two requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 310 by the end of the 2028 model year, and
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDV
PHEVs must be certified to the High Power Cold Start US06 standards in the 2029
model year and in all subsequent model years. The total compliance calculation
for the alternative phase-in is determined by multiplying the percent of a
manufacturer's total number of LDV test groups with PHEVs certified to the High
Power Cold Start US06 standards in a given model year by 4 for the 2025 model
year, 3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the 2028
model year. The yearly results shall be summed together to determine a
cumulative total. A manufacturer may not include 2024 and earlier model year
LDV PHEV test groups in the calculation.
b.
One or Two PHEV Test
Groups.
i. A manufacturer that
produces and delivers for sale in California one or two LDV test groups with
PHEVs must comply with the following phase-in schedule. The phase-in
percentages set forth in this table are used to calculate the minimum number of
a manufacturer's total test groups with PHEVs that must be certified to the
applicable standards, rounded to the nearest whole test group.
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of LDV Test Groups with PHEVs certified to subsection (d)(3)(B)1. |
|
2026 |
0 |
|
2027 |
50 |
|
2028 and subsequent |
100 |
ii.
Alternative Phase-in Schedule. A manufacturer may use an
alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the High Power Cold Start US06
standards as long as it satisfies the following two requirements:
(i) the cumulative total calculated for the
alternative phase-in schedule according to the method below must be equal to or
greater than 200 by the end of the 2028 model year, and
(ii) 100 percent of the manufacturer's LDV
PHEVs must be certified to the High Power Cold Start US06 standards in the 2029
model year and in all subsequent model years. The total compliance calculation
for the alternative phase-in is determined by multiplying the percent of a
manufacturer's total number of LDV test groups with PHEVs certified to the High
Power Cold Start US06 standards in a given model year by 3 for the 2026 model
year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the 2028 model year. The yearly
results shall be summed together to determine a cumulative total. A
manufacturer may not include 2025 and earlier model year LDV PHEV test groups
in the calculation.
c.
Small Volume
Manufacturers. In lieu of the phase-in of subsection (d)(3)(B)2.a. or
(d)(3)(B)2.b., a small volume manufacturer may certify 100 percent of its LDV
PHEVs to the High Power Cold Start US06 standards in the 2030 and subsequent
model years.
(4)
SC03 Standards. The
following standards are the maximum SC03 NMOG+NOx and CO exhaust emissions for
full useful life of 2026 and subsequent model year LDVs. For each test group, a
manufacturer must submit with the certification application an attestation that
NMOG+NOx and CO exhaust emissions for vehicles tested using the SC03 test
procedures incorporated in the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles" or the "California Test
Procedures for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Zero-Emission Vehicles and
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and
Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes", as applicable, comply with the following
standards.
|
SC03 Emission Standards |
||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
||
|
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
|
ULEV125 |
0.125 |
2.1 |
|
ULEV70 |
0.070 |
1.7 |
|
ULEV60 |
0.060 |
1.7 |
|
ULEV50 |
0.050 |
1.7 |
|
ULEV40 |
0.040 |
1.7 |
|
SULEV30 |
0.030 |
1.0 |
|
SULEV25 |
0.025 |
1.0 |
|
SULEV20 |
0.020 |
1.0 |
|
SULEV15 |
0.015 |
1.0 |
(5)
Highway Standards. The maximum emissions of NMOG+NOx measured
on the federal Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET;
40 CFR section
1066.840), as modified by the "California
2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards
and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty
Vehicles" or the "California Test Procedures for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Zero-Emission Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger
Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes", as applicable, must not
be greater than the applicable NMOG+NOx standard set forth in subsection
(d)(2)(A).
(e)
Medium-Duty Vehicle Standards. The following standards and
requirements for determining compliance with the standards apply to
manufacturers and their MDVs that are produced and delivered for sale in
California. MDVs are tested at their adjusted loaded vehicle weight (ALVW) for
these standards.
(1)
Fleet Average
Requirement
(A)
Fleet
Average Values. A manufacturer's MDV fleet average NMOG+NOx exhaust
mass emission values for each model year shall not exceed:
|
FLEET AVERAGE REQUIREMENTS |
||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
||
|
Model Year |
NMOG+NOx (g/mi) |
|
|
MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR |
MDVs 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR |
|
|
2025 1 |
0.178 |
0.247 |
|
2026 |
0.178 |
0.247 |
|
2027 |
0.174 |
0.232 |
|
2028 |
0.166 |
0.212 |
|
2029 |
0.158 |
0.193 |
|
2030+ |
0.150 |
0.175 |
1 Only applicable to manufacturers optionally certifying 2025 model year test groups in accordance with subsection (a)(2)(B).
(B)
Calculation of Fleet Average
1. Each manufacturer's MDV fleet average
NMOG+NOx value for the total number of MDVs produced and delivered for sale in
California shall be calculated separately for MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR
and for MDVs 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR as follows:
Click here to view image
Where:
| FleetAvg | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx value, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| VehTG | = | Number of vehicles produced and delivered for sale for the applicable MDV GVWR classification in California in a test group. |
| StdTG | = | NMOG+NOx standard, in g/mi, of the FTP emission category for the applicable MDV GVWR classification the test group is certified to in subsection (e)(2)(A). |
| VehTotalNum | = | Total number of MDVs for the applicable MDV GVWR classification produced and delivered for sale in California. ZEVs may not be included, except for the 2025 model year in accordance with subsection (a)(2)(B)2. |
2.
The applicable emission standards to be used in the above equation are as
follows:
| Vehicle Type | Emission Category | Emission Standard Value (g/mi) |
| Vehicles certified to the "LEV IV" standards | All | Full useful life NMOG+NOx LEV IV emission standard in subsection (e)(2)(A) to which vehicle is certified |
| 2025 model year vehicles certified to the "LEV III" standards 1 | All | Full useful life NMOG+NOx LEV III emission standard in title 13, CCR, section 1961.2(a)(1) to which vehicle is certified |
1 Only applicable to manufacturers optionally certifying 2025 model year test groups in accordance with subsection (a)(2)(A).
(C)
Alternative Phase-In Schedules to the Fleet Average Standard.
A manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California four or fewer
MDV test groups may comply with the following alternative phase-in schedules in
lieu of meeting the fleet average requirements of subsection (e)(1)(A). Test
groups for engines used in MDVs that are certified to the engine standards of
title 13, CCR, section
1956.8 in accordance with
subsection (a)(3)(A), may not be included in the calculation of these
alternative phase-in schedules. If a manufacturer certifies its MDV test groups
to one of the alternative phase-in schedules in this subsection (e)(1)(C), the
requirements of subsections (e)(1)(E) through (e)(1)(H) do not apply.
1. A manufacturer that produces and delivers
for sale in California four MDV test groups certified to subsection (e)(2)(A)
may comply with the following alternative phase-in schedule:
|
Model Year |
Number of Test Groups |
|
|
Maximum Certified to SULEV170 1 or SULEV230 2 |
Minimum Certified to LEV IV SULEV150 1 or SULEV175 2 or cleaner |
|
|
2026 and 2027 |
4 |
0 |
|
2028 |
3 |
1 |
|
2029 |
2 |
2 |
|
2030 and subsequent |
0 |
4 |
1 Only applicable to MDVs in the 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
2 Only applicable to MDVs in the 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
2. A manufacturer
that produces and delivers for sale in California three MDV test groups
certified to subsection (e)(2)(A) may comply with the following alternative
phase-in schedule:
|
Model Year |
Number of Test Groups |
|
|
Maximum Certified to SULEV170 1 or SULEV230 2 |
Minimum Certified to SULEV150 1 or SULEV175 2 or cleaner |
|
|
2026 and 2027 |
3 |
0 |
|
2028 |
2 |
1 |
|
2029 |
1 |
2 |
|
2030 and subsequent |
0 |
3 |
1 Only applicable to MDVs in the 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
2 Only applicable to MDVs in the 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
3. A manufacturer
that produces and delivers for sale in California two MDV test groups certified
to subsection (e)(2)(A) may comply with the following alternative phase-in
schedule:
|
Model Year |
Number of Test Groups |
|
|
Maximum Certified to LEV IV SULEV170 1 or SULEV230 2 |
Minimum Certified to LEV IV SULEV150 1 or SULEV175 2 or cleaner |
|
|
2026 through 2028 |
2 |
0 |
|
2029 |
1 |
1 |
|
2030 and subsequent |
0 |
2 |
1 Only applicable to MDVs in the 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
2 Only applicable to MDVs in the 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
4. A manufacturer
that produces and delivers for sale in California one MDV test groups certified
to subsection (e)(2)(A) may comply with the following alternative phase-in
schedule:
|
Model Year |
Number of Test Groups |
|
|
Maximum Certified to SULEV170 1 or SULEV230 2 |
Minimum Certified to SULEV150 1 or SULEV175 2 or cleaner |
|
|
2026 through 2029 |
1 |
0 |
|
2030 and subsequent |
0 |
1 |
1 Only applicable to MDVs in the 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
2 Only applicable to MDVs in the 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR rating.
(D)
Small Volume Manufacturers.
1. In lieu of meeting the fleet average of
subsection (e)(1)(A) or alternative phase-in schedules of subsection (e)(1)(C)
for the 2026 and 2027 model years, a small volume manufacturer may certify 100
percent of its MDV fleet produced and delivered for sale in California to the
MDV ULEV250 or ULEV400 or cleaner standards of subsection (e)(2)(A), as
applicable to the MDV GVWR rating.
2. In lieu of meeting the fleet average of
subsection (e)(1)(A) or alternative phase-in schedules of subsection (e)(1)(C)
for the 2028 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer may
certify 100 percent of its MDV fleet produced and delivered for sale in
California to the MDV SULEV170 or SULEV230 or cleaner standards of subsection
(e)(2)(A), as applicable to the MDV GVWR rating.
3. The requirements of subsections (e)(1)(E)
through (e)(1)(H) do not apply to a small volume manufacturer that certifies
its MDV test groups to this subsection (e)(1)(D).
(E)
Calculation of NMOG+NOx Credits
and Debits.
1. In 2026 and
subsequent model years, a manufacturer shall calculate its credits or debits
separately for MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR and for MDVs 10,001 to 14,000
lbs. GVWR using the following equation.
Credits(or Debits) = (FleetAvgReq-FleetAvg) x VehTotalNum
Where:
| Credits (or Debits) | = | Credits or debits earned, in g/mi, rounded to the nearest 0.001 g/mi. |
| FleetAvgReq | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the applicable model year and MDV GVWR classification as defined in subsection (e)(1)(A). |
| FleetAvg | = | Fleet average NMOG+NOx value for the manufacturer for the applicable MDV GVWR classification calculated per subsection (e)(1)(B). |
| VehTotalNum | = | Total number of MDVs in the applicable MDV GVWR classification used in the fleet average calculation for the model year in accordance with subsection (e)(1)(B) as applicable. |
2.
In 2026 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that achieves fleet average
NMOG+NOx values lower than the fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the
corresponding model year shall earn credits in units of g/mi NMOG+NOx while a
manufacturer with 2026 and subsequent model year fleet average NMOG+NOx values
greater than the fleet average requirement for the corresponding model year
shall earn debits in units of g/mi NMOG+NOx. The total g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or
debits earned for MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR and for MDVs 10,001 to 14,000
lbs. GVWR shall be separately tracked and reported each model year. MDV fleet
average credits earned in either MDV GVWR category may be used to offset debits
in either MDV GVWR category. MDV fleet average credits and debits earned in
accordance with subsection (e)(1) may not be combined or otherwise used with
LDV fleet average credits and debits earned in accordance with subsection
(d)(1).
3. The emission credits
earned in any given model year shall retain full value through five subsequent
model years after the year in which they were earned. For example, credits
earned in 2027 model year may be used no later than in the 2032 model
year.
(F)
Procedure for Offsetting Debits.
1. A manufacturer shall equalize emission
debits by earning g/mi NMOG+NOx emission credits in an amount equal to the g/mi
NMOG+NOx debits or by submitting a commensurate amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx credits
to the Executive Officer that were earned previously or acquired from another
manufacturer. A manufacturer may not carry forward debits to a subsequent model
year unless the manufacturer has used all eligible credits from both MDV GVWR
categories. A manufacturer shall equalize NMOG+NOx debits within three model
years after the model year in which they were earned. If emission debits are
not equalized within the specified time period, the manufacturer shall be
subject to the Health and Safety Code section
43211
civil penalty applicable to a manufacturer that sells a new motor vehicle that
does not meet the applicable emission standards adopted by the state board. The
cause of action shall be deemed to accrue when the emission debits are not
equalized by the end of the specified time period. A manufacturer complying
under Option 2 in subsection (c)(3) must calculate the emission debits that are
subject to a civil penalty under Health and Safety Code section
43211
separately for California and for each individual state using the formulas in
subsections (e)(1)(B)1. and (e)(1)(B)2., except that the number of vehicles in
each test group and the total number of vehicles shall be based on the number
of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in each individual state.
2. For the purposes of Health and Safety Code
section
43211,
the number of MDVs not meeting the state board's emission standards shall be
determined by dividing the total amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx emission debits for
the model year by the g/mi NMOG+NOx fleet average requirement applicable to
that MDV GVWR category for the model year in which the debits were first
incurred.
3. A manufacturer may be
subject to additional penalties under the Health and Safety Code for any other
violation of this section other than the failure to equalize debits within the
specified time period under this subsection.
(G)
Carry Over of NMOG+NOx Credits
and Debits from LEV III to LEV IV. Any LEV III MDV NMOG+NOx fleet
average emission credits that have not been used prior to the start of the 2026
model year shall retain their original value and expiration as earned under
title 13, CCR, section
1961.2 and are available for use
or trade by the manufacturer under this section
1961.4. Any LEV III MDV NMOG+NOx
fleet average debits that have not been offset prior to the start of 2026 model
year shall retain their original value and deadline to be offset as earned
under title 13, CCR, section
1961.2 and must be offset by
credits earned or acquired by the manufacturer under this section
1961.4.
(H)
Converting Vehicle-Equivalent
Credits and Debits to NMOG+NOx Fleet Average Credits and Debits. Any
vehicle-equivalent credits (VEC) and debits earned in accordance with title 13,
CCR, section
1961.2(c)(2)(A)
that have not been used or offset prior to the start of the 2026 model year
shall be converted to NMOG+NOx fleet average credits and debits as follows:
1. The manufacturer shall use the calculation
in subsection (e)(1)(E) separately for each model year and MDV GVWR category in
which the unused VECs or not yet offset debits were originally earned to
calculate the corresponding NMOG+NOx fleet average credits or debits that the
manufacturer's fleet would have earned.
2. For the purpose of applying the formula in
subsection (e)(1)(E)1., the fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement is the fleet
average in title 13, CCR, section
1961.2(b)(3)(C)1.a.,
applicable to the MDV GVWR category and model year.
3. For any model year in which a different
amount than the originally earned VECs or debits remain at the start of the
2026 model year (e.g., due to usage or trades), the converted NMOG+NOx fleet
average credits or debits calculated per subsection (e)(1)(H)1. shall be scaled
by the same percentage relative to the original earned quantity. For example,
if 200 VECs were originally earned for 2024 model year but only 50 of those
VECs remain at the start of the 2026 model year, the converted NMOG+NOx credits
calculated for 2024 model year shall be reduced by 75 percent.
4. Converted NMOG+NOx fleet average credits
and debits retain the same expiration and deadline to offset as the
corresponding VECs and debits earned under title 13, CCR, section
1961.2 based on the model year in
which they were originally earned as VECs or
debits.
(2)
FTP Standards
(A)
LEV IV Exhaust Standards. The following standards are the
maximum exhaust emissions for the full useful life from new 2026 and subsequent
model year LEV IV MDVs when operating in either low or high altitude.
|
LEV IV Exhaust Standards |
|||||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
|||||
|
Vehicle Type |
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG + NOx (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
HCHO (mg/mi) |
PM (mg/mi) |
|
MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR |
ULEV250 1 |
0.250 |
6.4 |
6 |
8 |
|
ULEV200 1 |
0.200 |
4.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV170 |
0.170 |
4.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV150 |
0.150 |
3.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV125 |
0.125 |
3.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV100 |
0.100 |
3.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV85 |
0.085 |
3.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV75 |
0.075 |
3.2 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
MDVs 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR |
ULEV400 1 |
0.400 |
7.3 |
6 |
10 |
|
ULEV270 1 |
0.270 |
4.2 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV230 |
0.230 |
4.2 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV200 |
0.200 |
3.7 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV175 |
0.175 |
3.7 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV150 |
0.150 |
3.7 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV125 |
0.125 |
3.7 |
6 |
10 |
|
|
SULEV100 |
0.100 |
3.7 |
6 |
10 |
|
1 These vehicle emission categories are only applicable for the 2026 through 2028 model years.
(B)
50-degree F Standards.
All MDVs other than natural gas and diesel-fueled vehicles, must be certified
to the following 50-degree F standards when tested on the FTP cycle (40 CFR,
Part 1066) conducted at a nominal test temperature of 50 degree F, as modified
by Part II, section C of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
1. These standards are the maximum exhaust
emissions for NMOG+NOx and formaldehyde (HCHO) for vehicles with less than or
equal to 4,000-miles.
|
50-Degree F Standards |
|||
|
Vehicle Type |
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+ NOx (g/mi) |
HCHO (g/mi) |
|
MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR |
ULEV250 |
0.500 |
0.032 |
|
ULEV200 |
0.400 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV170 |
0.340 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV150 |
0.300 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV125 |
0.250 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV100 |
0.200 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV85 |
0.170 |
0.016 |
|
|
SULEV75 |
0.150 |
0.016 |
|
|
MDVs 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR |
ULEV400 |
0.800 |
0.042 |
|
ULEV270 |
0.540 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV230 |
0.460 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV200 |
0.400 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV175 |
0.350 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV150 |
0.300 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV125 |
0.250 |
0.020 |
|
|
SULEV100 |
0.200 |
0.020 |
|
2.
In lieu of measuring and determining NMOG and HCHO exhaust emissions, a
manufacturer may demonstrate compliance with these NMOG+NOx and HCHO standards
by measuring NMHC exhaust emissions in lieu of NMOG emissions and by submitting
an attestation with the certification application that HCHO exhaust emissions
comply with these HCHO standards in accordance with Part I, sections D.1.7.5
and G.3.1.4, respectively, of the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year
Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles."
3. Emissions of CO measured at 50-degree F
from vehicles at 4,000 or fewer miles shall not exceed the FTP standards set
forth in subsection (e)(2)(A) applicable to vehicles of the same emission
category.
4. In accordance with
subsection (c)(5), fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles shall meet
these 50-degree F standards when a vehicle is operating on either fuel (or
blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible) the vehicle is designed to operate
on.
(3)
SFTP Standards
(A)
SFTP Requirements.
1. The
following standards are the maximum NMOG+NOx, CO, and PM exhaust emissions for
full useful life of 2026 and subsequent model year MDVs:
|
SFTP Exhaust Standards |
||||||
|
(150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) |
||||||
|
Vehicle Type |
HP/GVWR 1 |
Test Cycle 2 |
Vehicle Emission Category |
NMOG+ NOx (g/mi) |
CO (g/mi) |
PM 3 (mg/mi) |
|
MDVs 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. GVWR |
<= 0.024 |
US06 Bag 2 |
SULEV170 |
0.170 |
15 |
6 |
|
SULEV150 |
0.150 |
15 |
6 |
|||
|
SULEV125 |
0.125 |
15 |
6 |
|||
|
SULEV100 |
0.100 |
15 |
6 |
|||
|
SULEV85 |
0.085 |
15 |
6 |
|||
|
SULEV75 |
0.075 |
15 |
6 |
|||
|
> 0.024 |
Full US06 |
SULEV170 |
0.170 |
25 |
8 |
|
|
SULEV150 |
0.150 |
25 |
8 |
|||
|
SULEV125 |
0.125 |
25 |
8 |
|||
|
SULEV100 |
0.100 |
25 |
8 |
|||
|
SULEV85 |
0.085 |
25 |
8 |
|||
|
SULEV75 |
0.075 |
25 |
8 |
|||
|
MDVs 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. GVWR |
n/a |
Hot 1435 UC (Hot 1435 LA92) |
SULEV230 |
0.230 |
10 |
5 |
|
SULEV200 |
0.200 |
10 |
5 |
|||
|
SULEV175 |
0.175 |
10 |
5 |
|||
|
SULEV150 |
0.150 |
10 |
5 |
|||
|
SULEV125 |
0.125 |
10 |
5 |
|||
|
SULEV100 |
0.100 |
10 |
5 |
|||
1 Power to Weight Ratio. If all vehicles in a test group have a power to weight ratio at or below a threshold of 0.024, the manufacturer may use the US06 Bag 2 test cycle and standard in lieu of the full US06 cycle and standard. The cutoff is determined by using a ratio of the engine's maximum rated horsepower, as established by the manufacturer in the vehicle's certification application, to the vehicle's GVWR in pounds and does not include any horsepower contributed by electric motors in the case of hybrid electric vehicles or PHEVs. Manufacturers may use the full US06 cycle and standard regardless of the calculated ratio; in such case, manufacturers shall meet the standards applicable to vehicles with power-to-weight ratios greater than 0.024.
2 Road Speed Fan. Manufacturers may use a road speed modulated fan as specified in 40 CFR section 1066.105, as applicable, instead of a fixed speed fan for MDV SFTP testing.
3 See subsection (e)(3)(B)2. for details on phase-in schedule of PM standard
2.
SFTP Requirements for other Vehicle Emission Categories. 2025
and subsequent model year MDVs that certify to the ULEV250, ULEV200, ULEV400,
or ULEV270 categories of subsection (e)(2)(A) must be certified to the LEV III
NMOG+NOx and CO SFTP standards for those emission categories in title 13, CCR,
section 1961.2(a)(7)(C)
in lieu of the standards in subsection (e)(3)(A)1.
(B)
SFTP Phase-In Schedules.
1.
SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Standard
Phase-in Schedule. Beginning in the 2026 model year, a manufacturer
shall certify a percentage of its total MDVs to the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO
standards in subsection (e)(3)(A)1. according to the following phase-in
schedule and specified percentages. 2026 and newer model year MDVs that are not
included in the phase-in shall be certified to the LEV III SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO
standards in title 13, CCR, section
1961.2(a)(7)(C).
|
SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Standards Phase-in |
||
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of MDVs certified to subsection (e)(3)(A)1. |
Maximum % of MDVs certified to title 13, CCR, section 1961.2(a)(7)(C) |
|
2026 |
0 |
100 |
|
2027 |
30 |
70 |
|
2028 |
60 |
40 |
|
2029 and subsequent |
100 |
0 |
2.
SFTP PM Standard Phase-in Schedule. Beginning in the 2026
model year, a manufacturer shall certify a percentage of its total MDVs to the
SFTP PM standards in subsection (e)(3)(A)1. according to the following phase-in
schedule and specified percentages. 2026 and newer model year MDVs that are not
included in the phase-in shall be certified to the LEV III SFTP PM standards in
title 13, CCR, section
1961.2(a)(7)(D).
|
SFTP PM Standards Phase-in |
||
|
Model Year |
Minimum % of MDVs certified to subsection (e)(3)(A)1. |
Maximum % of MDVs certified to title 13, CCR, section 1961.2(a)(7)(D) |
|
2026 |
0 |
100 |
|
2027 |
30 |
70 |
|
2028 |
60 |
40 |
|
2029 and subsequent |
100 |
0 |
3.
Small Volume Manufacturers.
a. In lieu of the NMOG+NOx and CO standard
phase-in of subsection (e)(3)(B)1., a small volume manufacturer may certify 100
percent of its MDV fleet to the LEV III SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO standards in title
13, CCR, section
1961.2(a)(7)(C)
in the 2026 through 2029 model years and 100 percent of its fleet to the SFTP
NMOG+NOx and CO standards in subsection (e)(3)(A)1. in 2030 and subsequent
model years.
b. In lieu of the PM
standard phase-in of subsection (e)(3)(B)2., a small volume manufacturer may
certify 100 percent of its MDV fleet to the LEV III SFTP PM standards in title
13, CCR, section
1961.2(a)(7)(D)
in the 2026 through 2029 model years and 100 percent of its fleet to the SFTP
PM standards in subsection (e)(3)(A)1. in 2030 and subsequent model
years.
(4)
SC03 Standards. The
maximum SC03 NMOG+NOx and CO exhaust emissions for the full useful life of 2026
and subsequent model year MDVs must not be greater than the applicable LEV IV
NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards set forth in subsection (e)(2)(A). For each
test group, a manufacturer must submit with the certification application an
attestation that NMOG+NOx and CO exhaust emissions for vehicles tested using
the SC03 test procedures incorporated in the "California 2026 and Subsequent
Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures
for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles" comply with
the applicable SC03 standards.
(5)
Highway Standards. The maximum emissions of NMOG+NOx measured
on the federal Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET;
40 CFR section
1066.840), as modified by the "California
2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards
and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty
Vehicles," may not be greater than the applicable LEV IV NMOG+NOx standard set
forth in subsection (e)(2)(A).
(6)
Moving Average Window Standards. All 2027 and subsequent model
year MDVs with a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of greater than 14,000
lbs. must comply with the in-use NMHC, NOx, CO, and PM emission standards
defined by the moving average window (MAW) test procedures and standards in the
"California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and
Medium-Duty Vehicles."
(f)
Additional Provisions
(1)
Generate Additional NMOG+NOx Fleet Average Credit. For a
vehicle that is certified to the LEV IV standards in subsection (d)(2)(A) that
does not earn ZEV vehicle values under title 13, CCR, section
1962.4, a manufacturer may
subtract 5 mg/mi from the NMOG+NOx emission standards value set forth in
subsection (d)(1)(B)3. when calculating the manufacturer's fleet average,
provided that the manufacturer extends the emissions performance and defects
warranty period to 15 years or 150,000 miles, whichever occurs first, except
that the time period is to be 10 years for a zero-emission energy storage
device (such as battery, ultracapacitor, or other electric storage
device).
(2)
NMOG Credit
for Direct Ozone Reduction Technology. A manufacturer that certifies
vehicles equipped with direct ozone reduction technologies shall be eligible to
earn NMOG credits in accordance with CCR, title 13, section
1961.2(a)(11),
which will be applied to the NMOG exhaust emissions of the vehicle when
determining compliance with the LEV IV FTP standard in subsection (d)(2)(A) or
(e)(2)(A).
(3)
Emission
Standard for a Fuel-Fired Heater. Whenever a manufacturer elects to
utilize an on-board fuel-fired heater on any LDV or MDV, the fuel-fired heater
must meet the LDV ULEV125 standards set forth in subsection (d)(2)(A). The
exhaust emissions result of the fuel-fired heater shall be determined by
operating at a maximum heating capacity with a cold start between 68 degrees F
and 86 degrees F for a period of 20 minutes and dividing the grams of emissions
by 20. The resulting grams per minute shall be multiplied by 3.0 minutes per
mile to obtain a g/mi value that must be below the ULEV125 standards. If the
on-board fuel-fired heater is capable of operating at ambient temperatures
above 40 degrees F, the measured emission levels of the on-board fuel-fired
heater shall be added to the emissions measured on the FTP ( 40 CFR, Part
1066), as amended by the "California 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Criteria
Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars,
Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles" or as amended by the "California
Test Procedures for 2026 and Subsequent Model Year Zero-Emission Vehicles and
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and
Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes," as applicable, to determine compliance with the
exhaust emission standards in subsection (d)(2)(A) or
(e)(2)(A).
(g)
Disclosure of Records.
(1)
Public Disclosure. Unless identified as a trade secret or
otherwise confidential under CCR, title 17, section 91011, and supported as
such under CCR, title 17, section 91022, records in the Board's possession for
the vehicles subject to the requirements of section
1961.4, such as the following, are
subject to disclosure as public records:
(A)
Each manufacturer's annual production data and the corresponding calculated
NMOG+NOx fleet average; and
(B)
Each manufacturer's annual NMOG+NOx fleet average credit or debit balances for
each model year;
(2)
Disclosure to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Records in the Board's possession for the vehicles subject to the requirements
of section
1961.4 shall be subject to
disclosure to the federal Environmental Protection Agency, which protects trade
secrets as provided in Section 114(c) of the Clean Air Act and amendments
thereto (42 U.S.C.
7401 et seq.) and in federal
regulations.
(h)
Severability. Each provision of this section is severable, and
in the event that any provision of this section is held to be invalid, the
remainder of both this section and this article remains in full force and
effect.
Notes
Note: Authority cited: Sections 39500, 39600, 39601, 43013, 43018, 43101, 43104, 43105 and 43106, Health and Safety Code; and Sections 1633.7 and 1633.8, Civil Code. Reference: Sections 39002, 39003, 39667, 43000, 43009.5, 43013, 43018, 43100, 43101, 43101.5, 43102, 43104, 43105, 43106 and 43205, Health and Safety Code.
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