Cal. Code Regs. Tit. 22, § 66264.1033 - Standards: Closed-Vent Systems and Control Devices
(a)
(1)
Owners or operators of closed-vent systems and control devices used to comply
with provisions of this chapter shall comply with the provisions of this
section.
(2)
(A) The owner or operator of an existing
facility who cannot install a closed-vent system and control device to comply
with the provisions of this article on the effective date that the facility
becomes subject to the provisions of this article must prepare an
implementation schedule that includes dates by which the closed-vent system and
control device will be installed and in operation. The controls must be
installed as soon as possible, but the implementation schedule may allow up to
30 months after the effective date that the facility becomes subject to this
article for installation and startup.
(B) Any unit that begins operation after
December 21, 1990, and is subject to the provisions of this article when
operation begins, shall comply with the rules immediately (i.e., shall have
control devices installed and operating on startup of the affected unit); the
30-month implementation schedule does not apply.
(C) The owner or operator of any facility in
existence on the effective date of a statutory or Department regulatory
amendment that renders the facility subject to this article shall comply with
all requirements of this article as soon as practicable but no later than 30
months after the amendment's effective date. When control equipment required by
this article cannot be installed and begin operation by the effective date of
the amendment, the facility owner or operator shall prepare an implementation
schedule that includes the following information: Specific calendar dates for
award of contracts or issuance of purchase orders for the control equipment,
initiation of on-site installation of the control equipment, completion of the
control equipment installation, and performance of any testing to demonstrate
that the installed equipment meets the applicable standards of this article.
The owner or operator shall enter the implementation schedule in the operating
record or in a permanent, readily available file located at the
facility.
(D) Owners and operators
of facilities and units that become newly subject to the requirements of this
article after December 8, 1997, due to an action other than those described in
article (a)(2)(C) of this section must comply with all applicable requirements
immediately (i.e., must have control devices installed and operating on the
date the facility or unit becomes subject to this article; the 30-month
implementation schedule does not apply).
(b) A control device involving vapor recovery
(e.g., a condenser or absorber) shall be designed and operated to recover the
organic vapors vented to it with an efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater
unless the total organic emission limits of Section
66264.1032(a)(1)
for all affected process vents can be attained at an efficiency less than 95
weight percent.
(c) An enclosed
combustion device (e.g., a vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) shall
be designed and operated to reduce the organic emissions vented by it by 95
weight percent or greater; to achieve a total organic compound concentration of
20 ppmv, expressed as the sum of the actual compounds, not carbon equivalents,
on a dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen; or to provide a minimum residence
time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 degrees C. If a boiler or
process heater is used as the control device, then the vent stream shall be
introduced into the flame zone of the boiler or process heater.
(d)
(1) A
flare shall be designed for and operated with no visible emissions as
determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(1) of this section,
except for periods not to exceed a total of five minutes during any two
consecutive hours.
(2) A flare
shall be operated with a flame present at all times, as determined by the
methods specified in subsection (f)(2)(C) of this section.
(3) A flare shall be used only if the net
heating value of the gas being combusted is 11.2 MJ/scm (300 Btu/scf) or
greater if the flare is steam-assisted or air-assisted; or if the net heating
value of the gas being combusted is 7.45 MJ/scm (200 Btu/scf) or greater if the
flare is non-assisted. The net heating value of the gas being combusted shall
be determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(2) of this
section.
(4)
(A) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
shall be designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the
methods specified in subsection (e)(3) of this section, less than 18.3 m/s (60
ft/s), except as provided in subsections (B) and (C) of this section.
(B) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the method
specified in subsection (e)(3) of this section, equal to or greater than 18.3
m/s (60 ft/s) but less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed if the net heating
value of the gas being combusted is greater than 37.3 MJ/scm (1,000
Btu/scf).
(C) A steam-assisted or
non-assisted flare designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as
determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(3) of this section, less
than the velocity, Vmax as determined by the method
specified in subsection (e)(4) of this section and less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s)
is allowed.
(5) An
air-assisted flare shall be designed and operated with an exit velocity less
than the velocity, Vmax, as determined by the method
specific in subsection (e)(5) of this section.
(6) A flare used to comply with this section
shall be steam-assisted, air-assisted, or non-assisted.
(e)
(1)
Reference Method 22 in 40 CFR, Part 60, incorporated by reference in Section
66260.11 of this chapter, shall be
used to determine the compliance of a flare with the visible emission
provisions of this article. The observation period is two hours and shall be
used according to Method 22.
(2)
The net heating value of the gas being combusted in a flare shall be calculated
using the following equation:
| n | ||
| Ht =K[ [SIGMA] Ci Hi] | ||
| i=1 | ||
where:
| Ht = | Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm; where the net enthalpy per mole of off gas is based on combustion at 25 degrees C and 760 mm Hg, but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to 1 mol is 20 degress C; |
| K = | Constant, 1.74 x 10 -7 (1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal) where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is 20 degrees C; |
| Ci = | Concentration of sample component i in ppm on a wet basis, as measured for organics by Reference Method 18 in 40 CFR, Part 60 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D 1946-82 (incorporated by reference as specified in Section 66260.11); and |
| Hi = | Net heat combustion of sample component i, kcal/g mol at 25 degrees C and 760 mm Hg. The heats of combustion may be determined using ASTM D 2382-83 (incorporated by reference as specified in Section 66260.11) if published values are not available or cannot be calculated. |
(3)
The actual exit velocity of a flare shall be determined by dividing the
volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and pressure), as
determined by Reference Methods 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D in 40 CFR, Part 60 as
appropriate, by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area of the flare
tip.
(4) The maximum allowed
velocity in m/s, Vmax, for a flare complying with
subsection (d)(4)(C) of this section shall be determined by the following
equation:
Log10 (Vmax) = (HT +28.8)/31.7
where:
| 28.8 = | Constant, |
| 31.7 = | Constant, |
| HT = | The net heating value as determined in subsection (e)(2) of this section. |
(5)
The maximum allowed velocity in m/s, V MAX, for an air-assisted flare shall be
determined by the following equation:
Vmax = 8.706 + 0.7084 (HT)
where:
| 8.076 = | Constant, |
| 0.7084 = | Constant, |
| HT = | The net heating value as determined in subsection (e)(2) of this section. |
(f) The owner or operator shall monitor and
inspect each control device required to comply with this section to ensure
proper operation and maintenance of the control device by implementing the
following requirements:
(1) install,
calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications
a flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected
process vent to the control device at least once every hour. The flow indicator
sensor shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to
the control device inlet but before the point at which the vent streams are
combined; and
(2) install,
calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications
a device to continuously monitor control device operation as specified below:
(A) for a thermal vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall have an accuracy of +/- 1 percent of the temperature being monitored in
degrees C or +/- 0.5 degrees C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
shall be installed at a location in the combustion chamber downstream of the
combustion zone;
(B) for a
catalytic vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring temperature at
two locations and have an accuracy of +/- 1 percent of the temperature being
monitored in degrees C or +/- 0.5 degrees C, whichever is greater. One
temperature sensor shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest
feasible point to the catalyst bed inlet and a second temperature sensor shall
be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst
bed outlet;
(C) for a flare, a heat
sensing monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates
the continuous ignition of the pilot flame;
(D) for a boiler or process heater having a
design heat input capacity less than 44 MW, a temperature monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall have an accuracy of +/- 1
percent of the temperature being monitored in degrees C or +/- 0.5 degrees C,
whichever is greater. The temperature sensor shall be installed at a location
in the furnace downstream of the combustion zone;
(E) for a boiler or process heater having a
design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 44 MW, a monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter(s) that indicates
good combustion operating practices are being used; and
(F) for a condenser, either:
1. a monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic compounds
in the exhaust vent system from the condenser; or
2. a temperature monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring
temperature with an accuracy of +1 percent of the temperature being monitored
in degrees Celsius (°C) or +0.5°C, whichever is greater. The
temperature sensor shall be installed at a location in the exhaust vent stream
from the condenser exit (i.e., product side);
(G) for a carbon adsorption system that
regenerates the carbon bed directly in the control device such as a fixed-bed
carbon adsorber, either:
1. a monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure the concentration level
of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent system from the carbon bed;
or
2. a monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter that indicates the carbon bed
is regenerated on a regular, predetermined time cycle;
and
(3) inspect
the readings from each monitoring device required by subsection (f)(1) and (2)
of this section at least once each operating day to check control device
operation and, if necessary, immediately implement the corrective measures
necessary to ensure the control device operates in compliance with the
requirements of this section.
(g) An owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system such as a fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the
carbon bed directly on-site in the control device shall replace the existing
carbon in the control device with fresh carbon at a regular, pre-determined
time interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established as a
requirement of Section
66264.1035(b)(4)(C)6.
(h) An owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system such as a carbon canister that does not regenerate the carbon
bed directly on-site in the control device shall replace the existing carbon in
the control device with fresh carbon on a regular basis by using one of the
following procedures:
(1) monitor the
concentration level of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from
the carbon adsorption system on a regular schedule, and replace the existing
carbon with fresh carbon immediately when carbon breakthrough is indicated. The
monitoring frequency shall be daily or at an interval no greater than 20
percent of the time required to consume the total carbon working capacity
established as a requirement of Section
66264.1035(b)(4)(C)7,
whichever is longer; or
(2) replace
the existing carbon with fresh carbon at a regular, predetermined time interval
that is less than the design carbon replacement interval established as a
requirement of Section
66264.1035(b)(4)(C)7.
(i) An alternative operational or process
parameter may be monitored if it can be demonstrated that another parameter
will ensure that the control device is operated in conformance with these
standards and the control device's design specifications.
(j) An owner or operator of an affected
facility seeking to comply with the provisions of this chapter by using a
control device other than a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor
incinerator, flare, boiler, process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption
system is required to develop documentation including sufficient information to
describe the control device operation and identify the process parameter or
parameters that indicate proper operation and maintenance of the control
device.
(k) A closed-vent system
shall meet either of the following design requirements:
(1) a closed-vent system shall be designed to
operate with no detectable emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of
less than 500 ppmv above background as determined by the procedure in section
66264.1034(b) and
by visual inspections; or
(2) a
closed-vent system shall be designed to operate at a pressure below atmospheric
pressure. The system shall be equipped with at least one pressure gauge or
other pressure measurement device that can be read from a readily accessible
location to verify that negative pressure is being maintained in the
closed-vent system when the control device is operating.
(l) The owner or operator shall monitor and
inspect each closed-vent system required to comply with this section to ensure
proper operation and maintenance of the closed-vent system by implementing the
following requirements:
(1) each closed-vent
system that is used to comply with subsection (k)(1) of this section shall be
inspected and monitored in accordance with the following requirements:
(A) an initial leak detection monitoring of
the closed-vent system shall be conducted by the owner or operator on or before
the date that the system becomes subject to this section. The owner or operator
shall monitor the closed-vent system components and connections using the
procedures specified in section
66264.1034(b) of
this article to demonstrate that the closed-vent system operates with no
detectable emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500
ppmv above background.
(B) after
the initial leak detection monitoring required in subsection
(l)(1)(A) of this section, the owner or operator shall inspect
and monitor the closed-vent system as follows:
1. closed-vent system joints, seams, or other
connections that are permanently or semi-permanently sealed (e.g., a welded
joint between two sections of hard piping or a bolted and gasketed ducting
flange) shall be visually inspected at least once per year to check for defects
that could result in air pollutant emissions. The owner or operator shall
monitor a component or connection using the procedures specified in section
66264.1034(b) to
demonstrate that it operates with no detectable emissions following any time
the component is repaired or replaced (e.g., a section of damaged hard piping
is replaced with new hard piping) or the connection is unsealed (e.g., a flange
is unbolted).
2. closed-vent system
components or connections other than those specified in subsection
(l)(1)(B)1. of this section shall be monitored annually and at
other times as requested by the Department, except as provided for in
subsection (o) of this section, using the procedures specified in section
66264.1034(b) to
demonstrate that the components or connections operate with no detectable
emissions.
(C) in the
event that a defect or leak is detected, the owner or operator shall repair the
defect or leak in accordance with the requirements of subsection
(l)(3) of this section.
(D) the owner or operator shall maintain a
record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements
specified in section
66264.1035.
(2) each closed-vent system that is used to
comply with subsection (k)(2) of this section shall be inspected and monitored
in accordance with the following requirements:
(A) the closed-vent system shall be visually
inspected by the owner or operator to check for defects that could result in
air pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible
cracks, holes, or gaps in ductwork or piping or loose connections.
(B) the owner or operator shall perform an
initial inspection of the closed-vent system on or before the date that the
system becomes subject to this section. Thereafter, the owner or operator shall
perform the inspections at least once every year.
(C) in the event that a defect or leak is
detected, the owner or operator shall repair the defect in accordance with the
requirements of subsection (l)(3) of this section.
(D) the owner or operator shall maintain a
record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements
specified in section
66264.1035.
(3) the owner or operator shall repair all
detected defects as follows:
(A) detectable
emissions, as indicated by visual inspection, or by an instrument reading
greater than 500 ppmv above background, shall be controlled as soon as
practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after the emission is
detected, except as provided for in subsection (l)(3)(C) of
this section.
(B) a first attempt
at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the emission is
detected.
(C) delay of repair of a
closed-vent system for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the repair
is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown, or if the owner or
operator determines that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be
greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair.
Repair of such equipment shall be completed by the end of the next process unit
shutdown.
(D) the owner or operator
shall maintain a record of the defect repair in accordance with the
requirements specified in section
66264.1035.
(m) Closed-vent systems and control devices
used to comply with provisions of this article shall be operated at all times
when emissions may be vented to them.
(n) The owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system to control air pollutant emissions shall document that all
carbon that is a hazardous waste and that is removed from the control device is
managed in one of the following manners, regardless of the average volatile
organic concentration of the carbon:
(1)
regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment unit that meets one of the
following:
(A) the owner or operator of the
unit has been issued a final permit under chapter 20 which implements the
requirements of article 16; or
(B)
the unit is equipped with and operating air emission controls in accordance
with the applicable requirements of articles 27 and 28.5 of either this chapter
or chapter 15; or
(2) incinerated
in a hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator either:
(A) has been issued a final permit under
chapter 20 which implements the requirements of chapter 14, article 15;
or
(B) has designed and operates
the incinerator in accordance with the interim status requirements of chapter
15, article 15.
(3)
burned in a boiler or industrial furnace for which the owner or operator
either:
(A) has been issued a final permit
under chapter 20 which implements the requirements of chapter 16, article 8;
or
(B) has designed and operates
the boiler or industrial furnace in accordance with the interim status
requirements of chapter 16, article 8.
(o) Any components of a closed-vent system
that are designated, as described in section
66264.1035(c)(9),
as unsafe to monitor are exempt from the requirements of subsection
(l)(1)(B)2. of this section if:
(1) the owner or operator of the closed-vent
system determines that the components of the closed-vent system are unsafe to
monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as
a consequence of complying with subsection (l)(1)(B)2. of this
section; and
(2) the owner or
operator of the closed-vent system adheres to a written plan that requires
monitoring the closed-vent system components using the procedure specified in
subsection (l)(1)(B)2. of this section as frequently as
practicable during safe-to-monitor times.
Notes
2. Change without regulatory effect amending subsections (c), (e)(2) and (k)(4) filed 12-28-95 pursuant to section 100, title 1, California Code of Regulations (Register 95, No. 52).
3. Change without regulatory effect amending section and NOTE filed 6-11-99 pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25159.1 (Register 99, No. 24).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 25150, 25159, 25159.5, 25245 and 58012, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 25150, 25159 and 25159.5, Health and Safety Code; and 40 CFR section 264.1033.
2. Change without regulatory effect amending subsections (c), (e)(2) and (k)(4) filed 12-28-95 pursuant to section 100, title 1, California Code of Regulations (Register 95, No. 52).
3. Change without regulatory effect amending section and Note filed 6-11-99 pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25159.1 (Register 99, No. 24).
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