Cal. Code Regs. Tit. 22, § 66265.1033 - Standards: Closed-Vent Systems and Control Devices
(a)
(1)
Owners or operators of closed-vent systems and control devices used to comply
with provisions of this chapter shall comply with the provisions of this
section.
(2)
(A) The owner or operator of an existing
facility who cannot install a closed-vent system and control device to comply
with the provisions of this article on the effective date that the facility
becomes subject to the requirements of this article must prepare an
implementation schedule that includes dates by which the closed-vent system and
control device will be installed and in operation. The controls must be
installed as soon as possible, but the implementation schedule may allow up to
30 months after the effective date that the facility becomes subject to this
article for installation and startup.
(B) Any unit that begins operation after
December 21, 1990, and is subject to the requirements of this article when
operation begins, shall comply with the rules immediately (i.e., must have
control devices installed and operating on startup of the affected unit); the
30-month implementation schedule does not apply.
(C) The owner or operator of any facility in
existence on the effective date of a statutory or Department regulatory
amendment that renders the facility subject to this article shall comply with
all requirements of this article as soon as practicable but no later than 30
months after the amendment's effective date. When control equipment required by
this article cannot be installed and begin operation by the effective date of
the amendment, the facility owner or operator shall prepare an implementation
schedule that includes the following information: Specific calendar dates for
award of contracts or issuance of purchase orders for the control equipment,
initiation of on-site installation of the control equipment, completion of the
control equipment installation, and performance of any testing to demonstrate
that the installed equipment meets the applicable standards of this article.
The owner or operator shall enter the implementation schedule in the operating
record or in a permanent, readily available file located at the
facility.
(D) Owners and operators
of facilities and units that become newly subject to the requirements of this
article after December 8, 1997, due to an action other than those described in
subsection (a)(2)(C) of this section must comply with all applicable
requirements immediately (i.e., must have control devices installed and
operating on the date the facility or unit becomes subject to this article; the
30-month implementation schedule does not apply).
(b) A control device involving vapor recovery
(e.g., a condenser or adsorber) shall be designed and operated to recover the
organic vapors vented to it with an efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater
unless the total organic emission limits of Section
66265.1032(a)(1)
for all affected process vents can be attained at an efficiency less than 95
weight percent.
(c) An enclosed
combustion device (e.g., a vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) shall
be designed and operated to reduce the organic emissions vented to it by 95
weight percent or greater; to achieve a total organic compound concentration of
20 ppmv, expressed as the sum of the actual compounds, not carbon equivalents,
on a dry basis corrected to three percent oxygen; or to provide a minimum
residence time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 degrees C. If a
boiler or process heater is used as the control device, then the vent stream
shall be introduced into the flame combustion zone of the boiler or process
heater.
(d)
(1) A flare shall be designed for and
operated with no visible emissions as determined by the methods specified in
subsection (3)(1) of this section, except for periods not to exceed a total of
five minutes during any two consecutive hours.
(2) A flare shall be operated with a flame
present at all times, as determined by the methods specified in subsection
(f)(2)(C) of this section.
(3) a
flare shall be used only if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is
11.2 MJ/scm (300 Btu/scf) or greater, if the flare is steam-assisted or
air-assisted; or if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is 7.45
MJ/scm (200 Btu/scf) or greater if the flare is non-assisted. The net heating
value of the gas being combusted shall be determined by the methods specified
in subsection (e)(2) of this section.
(4)
(A) A
steam-assisted or non-assisted flare shall be designed for and operated with an
exit velocity, as determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(3) of
this section, of less than 18.3 m/s (60 ft/s), except as provided in
subsections (d)(4)(B) and (C) of this section.
(B) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in subsection (e)(3) of this section, equal to or greater than 18.3
m/s (60 ft/s) but less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed if the net heating
value of the gas being combusted is greater than 37.3 MJ/scm (1,000
Btu/scf).
(C) a steam-assisted or
non-assisted flare designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as
determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(3) of this section, less
than the velocity, V MAX, as determined by the method specified in subsection
(e)(4) of this section, and less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is
allowed.
(5) An
air-assisted flare shall be designed and operated with an exit velocity less
than the velocity, V MAX, as determined by the method specified in subsection
(e)(5) of this section.
(6) A flare
used to comply with this section shall be steam- assisted, air-assisted, or
non-assisted.
(e)
(1) Reference Method 22 in 40 CFR, Part 60
shall be used to determine the compliance of a flare with the visible emission
provisions of this article. The observation period is two hours and shall be
used according to Method 22.
(2)
The net heating value of the gas being combusted in a flare shall be calculated
using the following equation:
Click here to view image
| where: | |
| Ht = | Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm; where the net enthalpy per mole of off-gas is based on combustion at 25 degrees C and 760 mm Hg, but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to 1 mol is 20 degrees C; |
| K = | Constant, 1.74 X 10 -7 (1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal) where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is 20 degrees C; |
| Ci = | Concentration of sample component i in ppm on a wet basis, as measured for organics by Reference Method 18 in 40 CFR, Part 60 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D 1946-82 (incorporated by reference as specified in Section 66260.11); and |
| Hi = | Net heat of combustion of sample component i, kcal/g mol at 25 degrees C and 760 mm Hg. The heats of combustion may be determined using ASTM D 2382-83 (incorporated by reference as specified in Section 66260.11) if published values are not available or cannot be calculated. |
(3)
The actual exit velocity of a flare shall be determined by dividing the
volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and pressure), as
determined by Reference Methods 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D in 40 CFR, Part 60 as
appropriate, by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area of the flare
tip.
(4) The maximum allowed
velocity in m/s, Vmax, for a flare complying with
subsection (d)(4)(C) of this section shall be determined by the following
equation:
Log10 (Vmax) = (Ht + 28.8)/31.7
| where: | |
| Ht = | The net heating value as determined in subsection (e)(2) of this section. |
| 28.8 = | Constant. |
| 31.7 = | Constant. |
(5)
The maximum allowed velocity in m/s, Vmax, for an air- assisted flare shall be
determined by the following equation:
Vmax = 8.706 + 0.7084 (Ht)
| where: | |
| 8.706 = | Constant. |
| 0.7084 = | Constant. |
| Ht = | The net heating value as determined in subsection (e)(2) of this section. |
(f) The owner or operator shall monitor and
inspect each control device required to comply with this section to ensure
proper operation and maintenance of the control device by implementing the
following requirements:
(1) install,
calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications
a flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected
process vent to the control device at least once every hour. The flow indicator
sensor shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to
the control device inlet, but before being combined with other vent
streams;
(2) install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a device
to continuously monitor control device operation as specified below:
(A) for a thermal vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall have an accuracy of +/- 1 percent of the temperature being monitored in
degrees C or +/-0.5 degrees C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
shall be installed at a location in the combustion chamber downstream of the
combustion zone;
(B) for a
catalytic vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring temperature at
two locations and have an accuracy of +/- 1 percent of the temperature being
monitored in degrees C or +/- 0.5 degrees C, whichever is greater. One
temperature sensor shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest
feasible point to the catalyst bed inlet and a second temperature sensor shall
be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst
bed outlet;
(C) for a flare, a heat
sensing monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates
the continuous ignition of the pilot flame;
(D) for a boiler or process heater having a
design heat input capacity less than 44 MW, a temperature monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall have an accuracy of +/- 1
percent of the temperature being monitored in degrees C or +/- 0.5 degrees C,
whichever is greater. The temperature sensor shall be installed at a location
in the furnace downstream of the combustion zone;
(E) for a boiler or process heater having a
design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 44 MW, a monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter(s) that indicates
good combustion operating practices are being used;
(F) for a condenser, either:
1. a monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic compounds
in the exhaust vent stream from the condenser; or
2. a temperature monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring
temperature with an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being
monitored in degrees Celsius (°C) or ± 0.5 °C, whichever is
greater. The temperature sensor shall be installed at a location in the exhaust
vent stream from the condenser exit (i.e., product side).
(G) for a carbon adsorption system such as a
fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the carbon bed directly in the
control device, either:
1. a monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure the concentration level
of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon bed;
or
2. a monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter that indicates the carbon bed
is regenerated on a regular, predetermined time
cycle;
(3)
inspect the readings from each monitoring device required by subsections (f)(1)
and (2) of this section at least once each operating day to check control
device operation and, if necessary, immediately implement the corrective
measures necessary to ensure the control device operates in compliance with the
requirements of this section.
(g) An owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system such as a fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the
carbon bed directly onsite in the control device, shall replace the existing
carbon in the control device with fresh carbon at a regular, pre-determined
time interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established as a
requirement of Section
66265.1035(b)(4)(C)6.
(h) An owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system such as a carbon canister that does not regenerate the carbon
bed directly on-site in the control device shall replace the existing carbon in
the carbon device with fresh carbon on a regular basis by using one of the
following procedures:
(1) monitor the
concentration level of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent system from
the carbon adsorption system on a regular schedule and replace the existing
carbon with fresh carbon immediately when carbon breakthrough is indicated. The
monitoring frequency shall be daily or at an interval no greater than twenty
(20) percent of the time required to consume the total carbon working capacity
established as a requirement of Section
66265.1035(b)(4)(C)7,
whichever is longer; and
(2)
replace the existing carbon with fresh carbon at a regular, pre-determined time
interval that is less than the design carbon replacement interval established
as a requirement of Section
66265.1035(b)(4)(C)7.
(i) An owner or operator of an affected
facility seeking to comply with the provisions of this part by using a control
device other than a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator,
flare, boiler, process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption system shall
develop documentation including sufficient information to describe the control
device operation and identify the process parameter or parameters that indicate
proper operation and maintenance of the control device.
(j) A closed-vent system shall meet either of
the following design requirements:
(1) A
closed-vent system shall be designed to operate with no detectable emissions,
as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background as
determined by the procedure in section
66265.1034(b),
and by visual inspections; or
(2) A
closed-vent system shall be designed to operate at a pressure below atmospheric
pressure. The system shall be equipped with at least one pressure gauge or
other pressure measurement device that can be read from a readily accessible
location to verify that negative pressure is being maintained in the
closed-vent system when the control device is operating.
(k) The owner or operator shall monitor and
inspect each closed-vent system required to comply with this section to ensure
proper operation and maintenance of the closed-vent system by implementing the
following requirements:
(1) Each closed-vent
system that is used to comply with subsection (j)(1) of this section shall be
inspected and monitored in accordance with the following requirements:
(A) An initial leak detection monitoring of
the closed-vent system shall be conducted by the owner or operator on or before
the date that the system becomes subject to this section. The owner or operator
shall monitor the closed-vent system components and connections using the
procedures specified in section
66265.1034(b) to
demonstrate that the closed-vent system operates with no detectable emissions,
as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above
background.
(B) After initial leak
detection monitoring required in subsection (k)(1)(A) of this section, the
owner or operator shall inspect and monitor the closed-vent system as follows:
1. Closed-vent system joints, seams, or other
connections that are permanently or semi-permanently sealed (e.g., a welded
joint between two sections of hard piping or a bolted and gasketed ducting
flange) shall be visually inspected at least once per year to check for defects
that could result in air pollutant emissions. The owner or operator shall
monitor a component or connection using the procedures specified in section
66265.1034(b) to
demonstrate that it operates with no detectable emissions following any time
the component is repaired or replaced (e.g., a section of damaged hard piping
is replaced with new hard piping) or the connection is unsealed (e.g., a flange
is unbolted).
2. Closed-vent system
components or connections other than those specified in subsection (k)(1)(B)1.
of this section shall be monitored annually and at other times as requested by
the Department, except as provided for in subsection (n) of this section, using
the procedures specified in section 265.1034(b) of this article to demonstrate
that the components or connections operate with no detectable
emissions.
(C) In the
event that a defect or leak is detected, the owner or operator shall repair the
defect or leak in accordance with the requirements of subsection (k)(3) of this
section.
(D) The owner or operator
shall maintain a record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the
requirements specified in section
66265.1035.
(2) Each closed-vent system that is used to
comply with subsection (j)(2) of this section shall be inspected and monitored
in accordance with the following requirements:
(A) The closed-vent system shall be visually
inspected by the owner or operator to check for defects that could result in
air pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible
cracks, holes, or gaps in ductwork or piping or loose connections.
(B) The owner or operator shall perform an
initial inspection of the closed-vent system on or before the date that the
system becomes subject to this section. Thereafter, the owner or operator shall
perform the inspections at least once every year.
(C) In the event that a defect or leak is
detected, the owner or operator shall repair the defect in accordance with the
requirements of subsection (k)(3) of this section.
(D) The owner or operator shall maintain a
record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements
specified in section
66265.1035.
(3) The owner or operator shall repair all
detected defects as follows:
(A) Detectable
emissions, as indicated by visual inspection, or by an instrument reading
greater than 500 ppmv above background, shall be controlled as soon as
practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after the emission is
detected, except as provided for in subsection (k)(3)(C) of this
section.
(B) A first attempt at
repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the emission is
detected.
(C) Delay of repair of a
closed-vent system for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the repair
is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown, or if the owner or
operator determines that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be
greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair.
Repair of such equipment shall be completed by the end of the next process unit
shutdown.
(D) The owner or operator
shall maintain a record of the defect repair in accordance with the
requirements specified in section
66265.1035.
(l) Closed-vent systems and control devices
used to comply with provisions of this article shall be operated at all times
when emissions may be vented to them.
(m) The owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system to control air pollutant emissions shall document that all
carbon that is a hazardous waste and that is removed from the control device is
managed in one of the following manners, regardless of the average volatile
organic concentration of the carbon:
(1)
Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment unit that meets one of the
following:
(A) The owner or operator of the
unit has been issued a final permit under chapter 20 which implements the
requirements of chapter 14, article 16; or
(B) The unit is equipped with and operating
air emission controls in accordance with the applicable requirements of
articles 27 and 30 of either this article or of chapter 14; or
(2) Incinerated in a
hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator either:
(A) Has been issued a final permit under
chapter 20 which implements the requirements of chapter 14, article 15;
or
(B) Has designed and operates
the incinerator in accordance with the interim status requirements of article
15 of this chapter.
(3)
Burned in a boiler or industrial furnace for which the owner or operator
either:
(A) Has been issued a final permit
under chapter 20 which implements the requirements of chapter 16, article 8;
or
(B) Has designed and operates
the boiler or industrial furnace in accordance with the interim status
requirements of chapter 16, article 8.
(n) Any components of a closed-vent system
that are designated, as described in section
66265.1035(c)(9),
as unsafe to monitor are exempt from the requirements of subsection (k)(1)(B)2.
of this section if:
(1) The owner or operator
of the closed-vent system determines that the components of the closed-vent
system are unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to
an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with subsection (k)(1)(B)2.
of this section; and
(2) The owner
or operator of the closed-vent system adheres to a written plan that requires
monitoring the closed-vent system components using the procedure specified in
subsection (k)(1)(B)2. of this section as frequently as practicable during
safe-to-monitor times.
Notes
2. Editorial correction of subsections (f)(2)(A)-(B) (Register 95, No. 50).
3. Change without regulatory effect amending subsection (f)(2)(F)2. filed 12-28-95 pursuant to section 100, title 1, California Code of Regulations (Register 95, No. 52).
4. Change without regulatory effect amending section and NOTE filed 6-11-99 pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 25159.1 (Register 99, No. 24).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 25150, 25159, 25159.5, 25245 and 58012, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 25150, 25159 and 25159.5, Health and Safety Code; and 40 CFR Section 265.1033.
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