1 CCR 301-25-19.0 - Electric Drive High Voltage Specs (EV)
19.1 An
electric-powered school transportation vehicle shall meet all Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standards and all SAE standards that are applicable at the time
of manufacture.
19.2 EV-Specific
Labeling
19.02(a) Each door, cover, or other
panels that afford immediate access to any high voltage area shall be plainly
marked with a hazard warning label which shall read WARNING-HIGH VOLTAGE or
DANGER - HIGH VOLTAGE. This label shall be in a highly conspicuous place. All
high-voltage access areas shall be equipped with a lock or otherwise secured to
prevent unauthorized access.
19.02(b) An EV identifying label shall be
affixed to the right rear corner of the bus body. An additional label shall be
applied to the right side of the bus rear of the entrance door and to the left
side of the bus in front of the driver's window.
19.3 EV High Voltage Drive System Batteries
19.03(a) EV High Voltage Batteries shall not
be in or accessible from the interior of the school bus.
19.03(b) Energy storage for the EV High
Voltage Drive System shall be protected from crash impacts and shall be encased
in a non-conductive, acid-resistant compartment. This compartment shall be
well-ventilated to preclude the possibility of hydrogen gas buildup. Energy
storage shall be in an area and in such a way as to provide ease of
service.
19.03(c) EV High Voltage
Batteries shall require automatic electrical isolation in the case of a vehicle
crash.
19.03(d) EV High
Voltage-Powered Vehicles: Buses utilizing a high voltage propulsion system
(more than 48 nominal volts) shall meet the requirements of FMVSS 305, Electric
Powered Vehicles: Electrolyte Spillage and Electrical Shock Protection, except
for the following:
19.03(d)(1) The propulsion
power source (batteries, fuel cells, etc.) shall be located outside the
passenger compartment.
19.03(d)(2)
The propulsion power source enclosure shall be constructed to conform to the
power source manufacturer's requirements and recommendations.
19.03(d)(3) Due to the much larger size and
quantities of the propulsion power sources on larger vehicles, buses over
10,000 lbs. are permitted to exceed the 5.0-liter spillage. Electrolyte damage
from propulsion batteries and the requirements to statically rotate the vehicle
on its longitudinal access post-test.
19.4
EV High Voltage Wiring Standards
and Protection
19.04(a) Wire, cable,
and conductor insulation in the High Voltage System shall provide adequate
insulation for the voltage used and for ambient temperatures ranging from -15
degrees Fahrenheit to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. All high voltage circuits shall
be bright orange in color or otherwise labeled as HIGH VOLTAGE. All
high-voltage circuits shall provide adequate and automatic protection against
electrical overloads caused by short circuits or other excessive current
conditions through the use of fuses, circuit breakers, and ground fault
interruption.
19.04(b) The EV Drive
System shall have a system for protecting system components from thermal damage
due to electrical overload. This system shall include temperature sensors at
critical points and be capable of reducing EV Drive System electrical power
when necessary.
19.04(c) The EV
High Voltage System shall be designed so that when the ignition switch is off
or in accessory mode, the propulsion motor is positively disconnected. All
other accessories powered by the main propulsion battery circuit shall remain
operable when the ignition switch is in accessory mode.
19.04(d) All buses shall be equipped with an
additional manual and automatic switch or device independent of the propulsion
motor disconnect controls that permit the positive disconnection of all
circuits from the Drive System Batteries. This switch shall be operable from
outside the vehicle. Each door or panel providing access to this switch shall
be plainly marked to indicate that it is a main-power-disconnect switch or
device.
19.04(e) The ignition
switch circuit shall be linked to the Battery Management System and shall
prevent driving the vehicle while it is connected to an external battery
charging source.
19.04(f) The
charging connection point shall be outside the passenger compartment.
19.04(g) The High Voltage System shall be
designed to prevent the passenger compartment from becoming
energized.
19.04(h) Battery packs
shall be cooled and heated as necessary to maintain proper operating
temperatures.
19.5
EV Instrumentation
19.05(a) In
addition to the required gauges, the instrument display panel must also contain
an indication showing the state of charge (power and/ or range).
19.05(b) The instrument display panel shall
have a warning light that indicates when an EV drive system component exceeds a
safe temperature. The warning light should illuminate prior to critical
temperature to allow sufficient time to safely stop the bus.
19.05(c) The instrument display panel shall
have a warning light that indicates when an EV Drive System has a mechanical or
electrical fault.
19.6
EV Range
19.06(a) All electric
school buses shall have an OEM design that is capable of operating with a range
of 100 miles or more on a current charge.
19.7
Sound Generation
19.07(a) All electric school buses shall
comply with FMVSS 141 producing sound while in motion below 20 mph.
19.8
Propulsion
System
19.08(a) The propulsion system
on all-electric school buses shall be of sufficient power to propel the vehicle
fully loaded up to 65 mph.
19.08(b)
The propulsion system may be mounted utilizing a normal drivetrain or
positioned in a way to provide direct power to the wheels. All propulsion
systems must be contained below the floor line and cannot come into contact
with the road surface.
19.9
Brakes
19.09(a) On electric school buses, brakes may
produce regenerated power.
19.09(b)
Park brake testing procedure:
19.09(b)(1)
Allow the brake system air pressure to build to at least 100 psi.
19.09(b)(2) Place the drive selector of the
vehicle in low gear, release the parking brake, and drive the vehicle forward
to a speed of three (3) to five (5) mph.
19.09(b)(3) While in motion place the vehicle
in neutral and engage the parking brake and the vehicle should stop.
19.10
Passenger Heating
System
19.10(a) On electric school
buses the heating system must be capable of meeting performance and design
standards without a fuel-fired heater. See Section
19.10(b) Heating systems that are independent
of other cooling system functions may forgo the use of manual shutoff valves to
the passenger compartment as long as the flow of coolant can be stopped by
means of a heating system shut down or an electric heater control
valve.
Notes
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