b) In addition to the definitions provided at
35 Ill. Adm. Code
301.200 through 301.444, and in
place of conflicting definitions at Section
302.100, the following terms
have the meanings specified for the Lake Michigan Basin:
"Acceptable daily exposure" or "ADE" means an estimate of the
maximum daily dose of a substance that is not expected to result in adverse
noncancerous effects to the general human population, including sensitive
subgroups.
"Acceptable endpoints", for the purpose of deriving wildlife
criteria, means acceptable subchronic and chronic endpoints that affect
reproductive or developmental success, organismal viability or growth, or any
other endpoint that is, or is directly related to, parameters that influence
population dynamics.
"Acute to chronic ratio" or "ACR" is the standard measure of
the acute toxicity of a material divided by an appropriate measure of the
chronic toxicity of the same material under comparable conditions.
"Acute toxicity" means adverse effects that result from an
exposure period that is a small portion of the life span of the
organism.
"Adverse effect" means any deleterious effect to organisms
due to exposure to a substance. This includes effects that are or may become
debilitating, harmful, or toxic to the normal functions of the organism, but
does not include non-harmful effects such as tissue discoloration alone or the
induction of enzymes involved in the metabolism of the substance.
"Baseline BAF" for organic chemicals, means a bioaccumulation
factor (BAF) that is based on the concentration of a freely dissolved chemical
in the ambient water and takes into account the partitioning of the chemical
within the organism; for inorganic chemicals, a BAF is based on the wet weight
of the tissue.
"Baseline BCF" for organic chemicals, means a
bioconcentration factor (BCF) that is based on the concentration of a freely
dissolved chemical in the ambient water and takes into account the partitioning
of the chemical within the organism; for inorganic chemicals, a BCF is based on
the wet weight of the tissue.
"Bioaccumulative chemical of concern" or "BCC" is any
chemical that has the potential to cause adverse effects and that, upon
entering the surface waters, by itself or as its toxic transformation product,
accumulates in aquatic organisms by a human health bioaccumulation factor
greater than 1,000, after considering metabolism and other physiochemical
properties that might enhance or inhibit bioaccumulation based on the
methodology in Section
302.570. In addition, the
half-life of the chemical in the water column, sediment, or biota must be
greater than eight weeks. BCCs include the following substances:
Chlordane
4,4'-DDD; p,p'-DDD; 4,4'-TDE; p,p'-TDE
4,4'-DDE; p,p'-DDE
4,4'-DDT; p,p'-DDT
Dieldrin
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene; Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclohexanes; BHCs
alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane; alpha-BHC
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane; beta-BHC
delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane; delta-BHC
Lindane; gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane; gamma-BHC
Mercury
Mirex
Octachlorostyrene
PCBs; polychlorinated biphenyls
Pentachlorobenzene
Photomirex
2,3,7,8-TCDD; Dioxin
1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
Toxaphene
"Bioaccumulation" is the net accumulation of a substance by
an organism as a result of uptake from all environmental sources.
"Bioaccumulation factor" or "BAF" is the ratio (in L/kg) of a
substance's concentration in the tissue of an aquatic organism to its
concentration in the ambient water, in situations where both the organism and
its food are exposed and the ratio does not change substantially over
time.
"Bioconcentration" means the net accumulation of a substance
by an aquatic organism as a result of uptake directly from the ambient water
through gill membranes or other external body surfaces.
"Bioconcentration Factor" or "BCF" is the ratio (in L/kg) of
a substance's concentration in the tissue of an aquatic organism to its
concentration in the ambient water, in situations where the organism is exposed
through the water only and the ratio does not change substantially over
time.
"Biota-sediment accumulation factor" or "BSAF" means the
ratio (in kg of organic carbon/kg of lipid) of a substance's lipid-normalized
concentration in the tissue of an aquatic organism to its organic
carbon-normalized concentration in surface sediment, in situations where the
ratio does not change substantially over time, both the organism and its food
are exposed, and the surface sediment is representative of average surface
sediment in the vicinity of the organism.
"Carcinogen" means a substance that causes an increased
incidence of benign or malignant neoplasms, or substantially decreases the time
to develop neoplasms, in animals or humans. The classification of carcinogens
is determined by the procedures in Section II.A of Appendix C to 40 CFR 132,
incorporated by reference in 35 Ill. Adm. Code
301.106.
"Chronic effect" means an adverse effect that is measured by
assessing an acceptable endpoint, and results from continual exposure over
several generations, or at least over a significant part of the test species'
projected life span or life stage.
"Chronic toxicity" means adverse effects that result from an
exposure period that is a large portion of the life span of the
organism.
"Dissolved organic carbon" or "DOC" means organic carbon that
passes through a 1 µm pore size filter.
"Dissolved metal" means the concentration of a metal that
will pass through a 0.45µm pore size filter.
"Food chain" means the energy stored by plants is passed
along through the ecosystem through trophic levels in a series of steps of
eating and being eaten, also known as a food web.
"Food chain multiplier" or "FCM" means the ratio of a BAF to
an appropriate BCF.
"Linearized multi-stage model" means a mathematical model for
cancer risk assessment. This model fits linear dose-response curves to low
doses. It is consistent with a no-threshold model of carcinogenesis.
"Lowest observed adverse effect level" or "LOAEL" means the
lowest tested dose or concentration of a substance that results in an observed
adverse effect in exposed test organisms when all higher doses or
concentrations result in the same or more severe effects.
"No observed adverse effect level" or "NOAEL" means the
highest tested dose or concentration of a substance that results in no observed
adverse effect in exposed test organisms where higher doses or concentrations
result in an adverse effect.
"Octanol-water partition coefficient" or "Kow" is the ratio
of the concentration of a substance in the n-octanol phase to its concentration
in the aqueous phase in an equilibrated two-phase octanol-water system. For log
Kow, the log of the octanol-water partition coefficient is a base 10
logarithm.
"Open Waters of Lake Michigan" means all of the waters within
Lake Michigan in Illinois jurisdiction lakeward from a line drawn across the
mouth of tributaries to Lake Michigan, but not including waters enclosed by
constructed breakwaters.
"Particulate organic carbon" or "POC" means organic carbon
that is retained by a 1 µm pore size filter.
"Relative source contribution" or "RSC" means the percentage
of total exposure that can be attributed to surface water through water intake
and fish consumption.
"Resident or indigenous species" means species that currently
live a substantial portion of their life cycle or reproduce in a given body of
water or that are native species whose historical range includes a given body
of water.
"Risk associated dose" or "RAD" means a dose of a known or
presumed carcinogenic substance in mg/kg/day that, over a lifetime of exposure,
is estimated to be associated with a plausible upper bound incremental cancer
risk equal to one in 100,000.
"Slope factor" or "q1*" is the
incremental rate of cancer development calculated by a linearized multistage
model or another appropriate model. It is expressed in mg/kg/day of exposure to
the chemical in question.
"Standard Methods" means "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater", available from the American Public Health
Association.
"Subchronic effect" means an adverse effect, measured by
assessing an acceptable endpoint, resulting from continual exposure for a
period of time less than that deemed necessary for a chronic test.
"Target species" is a species to be protected by the
criterion.
"Target species value" is the criterion value for the target
species.
"Test species" is a species that has test data available to
derive a criterion.
"Test dose" or "TD" is a LOAEL or NOAEL for the test
species.
"Tier I criteria" are numeric values derived by use of the
Tier I methodologies that either have been adopted as numeric criteria into a
water quality standard or are used to implement narrative water quality
criteria.
"Tier II values" are numeric values derived by use of the
Tier II methodologies that are used to implement narrative water quality
criteria. They are applied as criteria, have the same effect, and are subject
to the same appeal rights as criteria.
"Trophic level" means a functional classification of taxa
within a community that is based on feeding relationships. For example, aquatic
green plants and herbivores comprise the first and second trophic levels in a
food chain.
"Toxic unit acute" or "TUa" is the
reciprocal of the effluent concentration that causes 50 percent of the test
organisms to die by the end of the acute exposure period, which is 48 hours for
invertebrates and 96 hours for vertebrates.
"Toxic unit chronic" or "TUc" is the
reciprocal of the effluent concentration that causes no observable effect on
the test organisms by the end of the chronic exposure period, which is at least
seven days for Ceriodaphnia, fathead minnow, and rainbow trout.
"Uncertainty factor" or "UF" is one of several numeric
factors used in deriving criteria from experimental data to account for the
quality or quantity of the available data.
"USEPA" means the United States Environmental Protection
Agency.
