(A) Ground water systems with
significant deficiencies or source water fecal contamination.
(1) A ground water system shall
comply with the requirements of this rule when a significant deficiency is
identified or when a ground water source sample collected in accordance with
paragraph (A)(3) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code is fecal indicator-positive.
(2) Unless otherwise specified by
the director, a ground water system with a ground water source sample collected
under paragraph (A)(2), (A)(4) or (B) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code that is fecal indicator-positive shall comply with
the requirements of this rule.
(3) When a significant deficiency is
identified at a public water system that uses both ground water and surface
water, the system shall comply with provisions of this rule except in cases
where the director determines that the significant deficiency is in a portion
of the distribution system that is served solely by surface
water.
(4) Unless the ground water system
is required to implement a specific corrective action, the ground water system
shall consult with the director regarding the appropriate corrective action
within thirty days of receiving written notice of a significant deficiency,
written notice from a laboratory that a ground water source sample collected in
accordance with paragraph (A)(3) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code was found to be fecal indicator-positive, or
direction from the director that a fecal indicator-positive collected under
paragraph (A)(2), (A)(4) or (B) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code requires corrective action. For the purposes of this
rule, significant deficiencies include, but are not limited to, defects in
design, operation, or maintenance, or a failure or malfunction of the sources,
treatment, storage, or distribution system that the director determines to be
causing, or have potential for causing, the introduction of contamination into
the water delivered to consumers.
(5) Within one hundred twenty days
(or earlier if required) of receiving written notification from the director of
a significant deficiency, written notice from a laboratory that a ground water
source sample collected under paragraph (A)(3) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code was found to be fecal indicator-positive, or written
notification from the director that a fecal indicator-positive sample collected
under paragraph (A)(2), (A)(4) or (B) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code requires corrective action, the ground water system
shall either:
(a) Have completed corrective
actions in accordance with all applicable plan review processes or other
guidance as acceptable to the director, if any, including director-specified
interim measures; or
(b) Be in compliance with a
corrective action plan and schedule approved by the director, which are subject
to the following conditions:
(i) Any subsequent modifications to
an approved corrective action plan and schedule shall also be approved by the
director.
(ii) If the director specifies
interim measures for protection of the public health pending approval of the
corrective action plan and schedule or pending completion of the corrective
action plan, the system shall comply with these interim measures as well as
with any schedule as specified by the director.
(6) Ground water systems that meet
the conditions of paragraph (A)(1) or (A)(2) of this rule shall implement one
or more of the following corrective action alternatives:
(a) Correct all significant
deficiencies;
(b) Provide an alternate source of
water;
(c) Eliminate the source of
contamination; or
(d) Provide treatment that reliably
achieves at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a
director-approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before
or at the first customer for the ground water source.
(7) Special notice to the public of
significant deficiencies or source water fecal contamination.
(a) In addition to the applicable
public notification requirements in paragraph (B)(1)(h) of rule
3745-81-32 of
the Administrative Code, a community ground water system that receives notice
from the director of a significant deficiency or notification of a fecal
indicator-positive ground water source sample that is not invalidated by the
director under paragraph (D) of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code shall, in accordance with paragraph (F)(8) of rule
3745-96-02
of the Administrative Code, inform the public served by the water system of the
fecal indicator-positive source sample or of any significant deficiency that
has not been corrected. The system shall continue to inform the public annually
until the significant deficiency is corrected or the fecal contamination in the
ground water source is determined by the director to be corrected in accordance
with paragraph (A)(5) of this rule.
(b) In addition to the applicable
public notification requirements in paragraph (B)(1)(h) of rule
3745-81-32 of
the Administrative Code, a noncommunity ground water system that receives
notice from the director of a significant deficiency shall inform the public
served by the water system in a manner acceptable to the director of any
significant deficiency that has not been corrected within twelve months of
being notified, or earlier if required by the director. The system shall
continue to inform the public annually until the significant deficiency is
corrected. The information shall include:
(i) The nature of the significant
deficiency and the date the significant deficiency was
identified;
(ii) The director-approved plan and
schedule for correction of the significant deficiency, including interim
measures, progress to date, and any interim measures completed;
and
(iii) For systems with a large
proportion of non-English speaking consumers, defined as ten per cent or more
of the residents speaking the same non-English language, information in the
appropriate language regarding the importance of the notice or a telephone
number or address where consumers may contact the system to obtain a translated
copy of the notice or assistance in the appropriate language.
(c) If determined by the director, a
noncommunity water system with significant deficiencies that have been
corrected shall inform its customers of the significant deficiencies, how the
deficiencies were corrected, and the dates of correction in paragraph (A)(7)(b)
of this rule.
(B)
(A) Compliance monitoring.
(1) A ground water system that is not
required to meet the source water monitoring requirements of rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code because the system provides at least 4-log treatment
of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a director-approved combination of
4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for the
ground water source shall comply with the following requirements:
(a) The system shall notify the director in
writing that it provides at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using
inactivation, removal, or a director-approved combination of 4-log virus
inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for the ground water
source. Notification to the director shall include engineering, operational, or
other information that the director requests to evaluate the submission. The
notification may also require a complete plan approval application in
accordance with Chapter 3745-91 of the Administrative Code.
(b) The system shall obtain acceptance or
approval from the director for 4-log treatment of viruses.
(c) The system shall conduct compliance
monitoring as required in paragraph
(B)(2)
(A)(2) of this rule within thirty days of placing
the source in service or receiving director approval for 4-log treatment of
viruses.
(d) The system shall
conduct ground water source monitoring in accordance with rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code if the system subsequently discontinues 4-log
treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a director-approved
combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first
customer for the ground water source.
(2) Monitoring requirements. A ground water
system subject to the requirements of paragraph
(A)
or (B)(1)
(A)(1) of this rule
or requirements in rule
3745-81-61
of the Administrative Code, shall monitor the effectiveness and
reliability of treatment for that ground water source before or at the first
customer as follows:
(a) Chemical
disinfection.
(i) For a system providing
disinfection treatment only, the disinfection treatment shall be considered
sufficient if the total treatment processes of that public water system would
consistently and reliably achieve at least 99.99 per cent (4-log) inactivation
of viruses, as determined from tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code.
(ii)
Treatment technique requirements are used to ensure control of viruses in
drinking water. Tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code shall be used to determine the sufficiency of
disinfection for this rule.
(iii)
The level of disinfection being provided by the system is determined by
measuring actual CT values. Actual CT values are obtained by multiplying the
residual disinfectant, C, by the disinfection contact time, T, giving the
resultant, CT. The value of C in milligrams per liter is determined at a point
before or at the first customer. The value of T in minutes is based on the time
available for the disinfectant to work from the point at which it is added to
the water until the point at which C is measured. Values of T are determined
based on the approved effective volume factor of the clearwell or contact tank
including T for the conduit before the first customer. It may be appropriate to
determine the value of C at more than one point of the water treatment flow,
with the T associated with each C being estimated from the previous measurement
point or the previous addition of disinfectant, whichever is closer. If more
than one disinfectant concentration point is used, the products of each C and
its associated T are added and the sum of these products is the actual CT value
to compare with the appropriate value of the required minimum CT values for
specified conditions and levels of inactivation. Note that any disinfection
after the last determination of C is not included in the actual CT value.
Minimum required CT values for inactivation of viruses by disinfection in
relation to the disinfectant, the extent of inactivation, the lowest
disinfectant concentration, the pH, and the water temperature are found in
tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code.
(iv) In
tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code, the required CT between the indicated temperatures,
pH or residual disinfectant concentrations may be determined by linear
interpolation. If no interpolation is used, then the required CT shall be
determined at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH. If no interpolation
is used, for virus inactivation at a pH greater than nine, the required CT
shall be the same as the required CT at a pH equal to ten.
(v) On each day when the actual CT value
meets or exceeds the required minimum CT value in or linearly interpolated from
tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code, then the water treatment plant is considered to be
satisfying this rule's treatment technique requirements for disinfection of
ground water sources. On each day when the actual CT value does not meet or
exceed the required minimum CT value from tables B-7, B-9, B-11 and B-13 of
rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code, then the water treatment plant is in violation of
paragraph
(B)(2)(a)(i)
(A)(2)(a)(i) of this rule if the CT value is not
restored within four hours.
(vi)
For each clearwell, or contact tank, the approved effective volume factor shall
be determined by the director based upon its design characteristics including:
the average flow path length to channel width ratio; baffling; and the
proximity of the outlet to the inlet using figures B-1 and B-2 of rule
3745-81-72
of the Administrative Code. The approved effective volume factor shall be the
preliminary effective volume factor obtained from figure B-1 multiplied by the
reduction factor obtained from figure B-2, rounded down to the nearest 0.05. A
public water system may request that the director approve an effective volume
factor that was determined by tracer studies, hydraulic analysis or modeling,
or an equivalent demonstration. For a tracer study to be acceptable, the net
advection of the tracer shall be within ten per cent of the change in the
tracer chemical storage within the clearwell system. Net advection means the
amount of tracer convected out of the clearwell system minus the amount of
tracer convected into the clearwell system over the duration of the tracer
study.
(vii) Public water systems
serving greater than three thousand three hundred people shall continuously
monitor the residual disinfectant concentration of the water at a location
approved by the director and the lowest value shall be recorded each day. If
there is a failure in the continuous disinfectant monitoring equipment, the
public water system shall conduct grab sampling every four hours in lieu of
continuous monitoring until the continuous monitoring equipment is repaired and
returned to service. A public water system has no more than five days after
failure of the equipment to repair the continuous monitoring equipment and
return it to service.
(viii) Public
water systems serving three thousand three hundred or fewer people shall
monitor the residual disinfectant concentration at a location approved by the
director, and record the residual disinfection concentration each day that
water from the ground water source is served to the public. The public water
system shall take a daily grab sample during the hour of peak flow or at
another time specified by the director. If the actual residual disinfectant
concentration value falls below the required minimum specified by the director,
the ground water system shall take follow-up samples every four hours until the
actual disinfectant residual is restored to the director-determined minimum
value. Alternatively, a ground water system that serves three thousand three
hundred or fewer people may monitor continuously and meet the requirements of
paragraph
(B)(2)(a)(vii)
(A)(2)(a)(vii) of this rule.
(ix) Other parameters necessary to determine
the sufficiency of disinfection prior to the first customer shall be measured
and recorded.
(b)
Membrane filtration. A ground water system that uses membrane filtration to
meet the requirements of this subpart shall monitor the membrane filtration
process in accordance with all director-specified monitoring requirements and
shall operate the membrane filtration in accordance with all director-specified
compliance requirements. A ground water system that uses membrane filtration is
in compliance with the requirement to achieve at least 4-log removal of viruses
when
the following conditions exist:
(i) The membrane has an absolute molecular
weight cut-off or an alternate parameter that describes the exclusion
characteristics of the membrane, that can reliably achieve at least 4-log
removal of viruses
;
.
(ii) The
membrane process is operated in accordance with director-specified compliance
requirements
; and
.
(iii)
The integrity of the test is intact.
(c) Alternative treatment. A ground water
system that uses a director-approved alternative treatment to meet the
requirements of this rule by providing at least 4-log treatment of viruses
(using inactivation, removal, or a director-approved combination of 4-log virus
inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer shall
comply with the following:
(i) Monitor the alternative treatment in
accordance with all director-specified monitoring requirements
;
.
(ii) Operate the alternative treatment in
accordance with all compliance requirements that the director determines to be
necessary to achieve at least 4-log treatment of viruses
; and
.
(C)
(B) Discontinuing
treatment. A ground water system may discontinue 4-log treatment of viruses
(using inactivation, removal, or a director-approved combination of 4-log virus
inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for a ground water
source if the director determines and documents in writing that 4-log treatment
of viruses is no longer necessary for that ground water source. A system that
discontinues 4-log treatment of viruses is subject to the source water
monitoring and analytical methods requirements in rule
3745-81-42
of the Administrative Code.
(D)
(C) Failure to meet
the monitoring requirements of paragraph
(B)
(A) of this rule
is a monitoring violation and requires the ground water system to provide
public notification in accordance with rule
3745-81-32 of
the Administrative Code.
