Definitions applicable to WAC 296-24-956 through
296-24-985. Unless the context
indicates otherwise, words used in this section must have the meaning
given.
Acceptable. An installation or equipment is
acceptable to the director of labor and industries, and approved within the
meaning of this section:
(a) If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled,
or otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing
laboratory; or
(b) With respect to an installation or equipment of a kind
which no nationally recognized testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists,
labels, or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another
federal agency, or by a state, municipal, or other local authority responsible
for enforcing occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical Code,
and found in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code as
applied in this section; or
(c) With respect to custom-made equipment or related
installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended for use by a
particular customer, if it is determined to be safe for its intended use by its
manufacturer on the basis of test data which the employer keeps and makes
available for inspection to the director and their authorized representatives.
Refer to federal regulation 29 C.F.R. 1910.7 for definition of
nationally recognized testing laboratory.
Accepted. An installation is "accepted" if it
has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to
conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes.
Accessible. (As applied to wiring methods.)
Capable of being removed or exposed without damaging the building structure of
finish, or not permanently closed in by the structure or finish of the
building. (See "concealed" and "exposed.")
Accessible. (As applied to equipment.) Admitting
close approach; not guarded by locked doors, elevation, or other effective
means. (See "readily accessible.")
Ampacity. Current-carrying capacity of electric
conductors expressed in amperes.
Appliances. Utilization equipment, generally
other than industrial, normally built in standardized sizes or types, which is
installed or connected as a unit to perform one or more functions such as
clothes washing, air conditioning, food mixing, deep frying, etc.
Approved. Acceptable to the authority enforcing
this section. The authority enforcing this section is the director of labor and
industries. The definition of "acceptable" indicates what is acceptable to the
director and therefore approved within the meaning of this section.
Approved for the purpose. Approved for a
specific purpose, environment, or application described in a particular
standard requirement.
Suitability of equipment or materials for a specific purpose,
environment or application may be determined by a nationally recognized testing
laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product
evaluation as part of its listing and labeling program. (See "labeled" or
"listed.")
Armored cable. Type AC armored cable is a
fabricated assembly of insulated conductors in a flexible metallic
enclosure.
Askarel. A generic term for a group of
nonflammable synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbons used as electrical insulating
media. Askarels of various compositional types are used. Under arcing
conditions the gases produced, while consisting predominantly of noncombustible
hydrogen chloride, can include varying amounts of combustible gases depending
upon the askarel type.
Attachment plug (plug cap) (cap). A device
which, by insertion in a receptacle, establishes connection between the
conductors of the attached flexible cord and the conductors connected
permanently to the receptacle.
Automatic. Self-acting, operating by its own
mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influence, as, for example, a change
in current strength, pressure, temperature, or mechanical configuration.
Bare conductor. See "conductor."
Barrier. A physical obstruction that is intended
to prevent contact with equipment or live parts or to prevent unauthorized
access to a work area.
Bathroom. An area including a basin with one or
more of the following: A toilet, a tub, or a shower.
Bonding. The permanent joining of metallic parts
to form an electrically conductive path which will assure electrical continuity
and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.
Bonding jumper. A reliable conductor to assure
the required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be
electrically connected.
Branch circuit. The circuit conductors between
the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).
Building. A structure which stands alone or
which is cut off from adjoining structures by fire walls with all openings
therein protected by approved fire doors.
Cabinet. An enclosure designed either for
surface or flush mounting, and provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a
swinging door or doors are or may be hung.
Cable tray system. A cable tray system is a unit
or assembly of units or sections, and associated fittings, made of metal or
other noncombustible materials forming a rigid structural system used to
support cables. Cable tray systems include ladders, troughs, channels, solid
bottom trays, and other similar structures.
Cablebus. Cablebus is an approved assembly of
insulated conductors with fittings and conductor terminations in a completely
enclosed, ventilated, protective metal housing.
Cell line. An assembly of electrically
interconnected electrolytic cells supplied by a source of direct current
power.
Cell line attachments and auxiliary equipment.
Cell line attachments and auxiliary equipment include, but are not limited to,
auxiliary tanks, process piping, ductwork, structural supports, exposed cell
line conductors, conduits and other raceways, pumps, positioning equipment, and
cell cutout or bypass electrical devices. Auxiliary equipment also includes
tools, welding machines, crucibles, and other portable equipment used for
operation and maintenance within the electrolytic cell line working zone. In
the cell line working zone, auxiliary equipment includes the exposed conductive
surfaces of ungrounded cranes and crane-mounted cell-servicing
equipment.
Center pivot irrigation machine. A center pivot
irrigation machine is a multimotored irrigation machine which revolves around a
central pivot and employs alignment switches or similar devices to control
individual motors.
Certified. Equipment is "certified" if it:
(a) Has been tested and found by a nationally recognized
testing laboratory to meet nationally recognized standards or to be safe for
use in a specified manner; or
(b) is of a kind whose production is periodically inspected
by a nationally recognized testing laboratory; and
(c) it bears a label, tag, or other record of certification.
Circuit breaker.
(a) (600 volts nominal, or less.) A device
designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means and to open the
circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without injury to itself
when properly applied within its rating.
(b)(Over 600 volts, nominal.) A switching device
capable of making, carrying, and breaking currents under normal circuit
conditions, and also making, carrying for a specified time, and breaking
currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions, such as those of short
circuit.
Class I locations. Class I locations are those
in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in
quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible mixtures. Class I
locations include the following:
(a)
Class I, Division 1. A Class I, Division 1
location is a location:
(i) In which hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or
vapors may exist under normal operating conditions; or
(ii) In which hazardous concentrations of such gases or
vapors may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or
because of leakage; or
(iii) In which breakdown or faulty operation of equipment or
processes might release hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or vapors,
and might also cause simultaneous failure of electric equipment.
Note: This classification usually includes
locations where volatile flammable liquids or liquefied flammable gases are
transferred from one container to another; interiors of spray booths and areas
in the vicinity of spraying and painting operations where volatile flammable
solvents are used; locations containing open tanks or vats of volatile
flammable liquids; drying rooms or compartments for the evaporation of
flammable solvents; locations containing fat and oil extraction equipment using
volatile flammable solvents; portions of cleaning and dyeing plants where
flammable liquids are used; gas generator rooms and other portions of gas
manufacturing plants where flammable gas may escape; inadequately ventilated
pump rooms for flammable gas or for volatile flammable liquids; the interiors
of refrigerators and freezers in which volatile flammable materials are stored
in open, lightly stoppered, or easily ruptured containers; and all other
locations where ignitible concentrations of flammable vapors or gases are
likely to occur in the course of normal operations.
(b)
Class I, Division 2. A Class I, Division 2
location is a location:
(i) In which volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases
are handled, processed, or used, but in which the hazardous liquids, vapors, or
gases will normally be confined within closed containers or closed systems from
which they can escape only in case of accidental rupture or breakdown of such
containers or systems, or in case of abnormal operation of equipment; or
(ii) In which hazardous concentrations of gases or vapors are
normally prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, and which might become
hazardous through failure or abnormal operations of the ventilating equipment;
or
(iii) That is adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location, and
to which hazardous concentrations of gases or vapors might occasionally be
communicated unless such communication is prevented by adequate
positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective
safeguards against ventilation failure are provided.
Note: This classification usually includes
locations where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors are
used, but which would become hazardous only in case of an accident or of some
unusual operating condition. The quantity of flammable material that might
escape in case of accident, the adequacy of ventilating equipment, the total
area involved, and the record of the industry or business with respect to
explosions or fires are all factors that merit consideration in determining the
classification and extent of each location.
Piping without valves, checks, meters, and similar devices
would not ordinarily introduce a hazardous condition even though used for
flammable liquids or gases. Locations used for the storage of flammable liquids
or a liquefied or compressed gases in sealed containers would not normally be
considered hazardous unless also subject to other hazardous conditions.
Electrical conduits and their associated enclosures separated
from process fluids by a single seal or barrier are classed as a Division 2
location if the outside of the conduit and enclosures is a nonhazardous
location.
(c)
Class I, Zone 0. A Class I, Zone 0 location
is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
present continuously; or
(ii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
are present for long periods of time.
Note to the definition of "Class I, Zone 0": As
a guide in determining when flammable gases or vapors are present continuously
or for long periods of time, refer to Recommended Practice for
Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations of Petroleum
Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2, API RP 505-1997;
Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres, Classifications of
Hazardous Areas, IEC 79-10-1995; Area Classification Code for Petroleum
Installations, Model CodePart 15, Institute for Petroleum; and Electrical
Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres, Classifications of Hazardous
(Classified) Locations, ISA S12.24.01-1997.
(d)
Class I, Zone 1. A Class I, Zone 1 location
is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
likely to exist under normal operating conditions; or
(ii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or because of
leakage; or
(iii) Equipment is operated or processes are carried on of
such a nature that equipment breakdown or faulty operations could result in the
release of ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors and also cause
simultaneous failure of electric equipment in a manner that would cause the
electric equipment to become a source of ignition; or
(iv) A location that is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0
location from which ignitable concentrations of vapors could be communicated,
unless communication is prevented by adequate positive pressure ventilation
from a source of clean air and effective safeguards against ventilation failure
are provided.
(e)
Class I, Zone 2. A Class I, Zone 2 location
is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
not likely to occur in normal operation and if they do occur will exist only
for a short period; or
(ii) Volatile flammable liquids, flammable gases, or
flammable vapors are handled, processed, or used, but in which the liquids,
gases, or vapors are normally confined within closed containers or closed
systems from which they can escape only as a result of accidental rupture or
breakdown of the containers or system or as the result of the abnormal
operation of the equipment with which the liquids or gases are handled,
processed, or used; or
(iii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
normally are prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, but which may become
hazardous as the result of failure or abnormal operation of the ventilation
equipment; or
(iv) A location that is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1
location, from which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
could be communicated, unless such communication is prevented by adequate
positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective
safeguards against ventilation failure are provided.
Class II locations. Class II locations are those
that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust. Class II
locations include the following:
(a)
Class II, Division 1. A Class II, Division 1
location is a location:
(i) In which combustible dust is or may be in suspension in
the air under normal operating conditions, in quantities sufficient to produce
explosives or ignitible mixtures; or
(ii) Where mechanical failure or abnormal operation of
machinery or equipment might cause such explosive or ignitible mixtures to be
produced, and might also provide a source of ignition through simultaneous
failure of electric equipment, operation of protection devices, or from other
causes; or
(iii) In which combustible dusts of an electrically
conductive nature may be present.
Note: This classification may include areas of
grain handling and processing plants, starch plants, sugar-pulverizing plants,
malting plants, hay-grinding plants, coal pulverizing plants, areas where metal
dusts and powders are produced or processed, and other similar locations which
contain dust producing machinery and equipment (except where the equipment is
dust-tight or vented to the outside). These areas would have combustible dust
in the air, under normal operating conditions, in quantities sufficient to
produce explosive or ignitible mixtures. Combustible dusts which are
electrically nonconductive include dusts produced in the handling and
processing of grain and grain products, pulverized sugar and cocoa, dried egg
and milk powders, pulverized spices, starch and pastes, potato and wood-flour,
oil meal from beans and seed, dried hay, and other organic materials which may
produce combustible dusts when processed or handled. Dusts containing magnesium
or aluminum are particularly hazardous and the use of extreme caution is
necessary to avoid ignition and explosion.
(b)
Class II, Division 2. A Class II, Division 2
location is a location in which:
(i) Combustible dust will not normally be in suspension in
the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible mixtures;
and dust accumulations are normally insufficient to interfere with the normal
operation of electrical equipment or other apparatus; or
(ii) Dust may be in suspension in the air as a result of
infrequent malfunctioning of handling or processing equipment, and dust
accumulations resulting therefrom may be ignitible by abnormal operation or
failure of electrical equipment or other apparatus.
Note: This classification includes locations
where dangerous concentrations of suspended dust would not be likely but where
dust accumulations might form on or in the vicinity of electric equipment.
These areas may contain equipment from which appreciable quantities of dust
would escape under abnormal operating conditions or be adjacent to a Class II,
Division 1 location, as described above, into which an explosive or ignitible
concentration of dust may be put into suspension under abnormal operating
conditions.
Class III locations. Class III locations are
those that are hazardous because of the presence of easily ignitible fibers or
flyings but in which such fibers or flyings are not likely to be in suspension
in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitible mixtures. Class III
locations include the following:
(a)
Class III, Division 1. A Class III, Division
1 location is a location in which easily ignitible fibers or materials
producing combustible flyings are handled, manufactured, or used.
Note: Such locations usually include some parts
of rayon, cotton, and other textile mills; combustible fiber manufacturing and
processing plants; cotton gins and cottonseed mills; flax-processing plants;
clothing manufacturing plants; woodworking plants and establishments; and
industries involving similar hazardous processes or conditions.
Easily ignitible fibers and flyings include rayon, cotton
(including cotton linters and cotton waste), sisal or henequen, istle, jute,
hemp, tow, cocoa fiber, oakum, baled waste kapok, Spanish moss, excelsior, and
other materials of similar nature.
(b)
Class III, Division 2. A Class III, Division
2 location is a location in which easily ignitible fibers are stored or
handled, except in process of manufacture.
Collector ring. A collector ring is an assembly
of slip rings for transferring electrical energy from a stationary to a
rotating member.
Competent person. One who is capable of
identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working
conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees and who
has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
Concealed. Rendered inaccessible by the
structure or finish of the building. Wires in concealed raceways are considered
concealed, even though they may become accessible by withdrawing them. See
"Accessible. (As applied to wiring methods.)"
Conductor.
(a)
Bare. A conductor having no covering or
electrical insulation whatsoever.
(b)
Covered. A conductor encased within material
of composition or thickness that is not recognized as electrical
insulation.
(c)
Insulated. A conductor encased within
material of composition and thickness that is recognized as electrical
insulation.
Conduit body. A separate portion of a conduit or
tubing system that provides access through a removable cover(s) to the interior
of the system at a junction of two or more sections of the system or at a
terminal point of the system. Boxes such as FS and FD or larger cast or sheet
metal boxes are not classified as conduit bodies.
Controller. A device or group of devices that
serves to govern, in some predetermined manner, the electric power delivered to
the apparatus to which it is connected.
Cooking unit, counter-mounted. A cooking
appliance designed for mounting in or on a counter and consisting of one or
more heating elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable
controls. (See "oven, wall-mounted.")
Covered conductor. See "conductor."
Cutout. (Over 600 volts, nominal.) An assembly
of a fuse support with either a fuseholder, fuse carrier, or disconnecting
blade. The fuseholder or fuse carrier may include a conducting element (fuse
link), or may act as the disconnecting blade by the inclusion of a nonfusible
member.
Cutout box. An enclosure designed for surface
mounting and having swinging doors or covers secured directly to and
telescoping with the walls of the box proper. (See "cabinet.")
Damp location. See "location."
Dead front. Without live parts exposed to a
person on the operating side of the equipment.
Deenergized. Free from any electrical connection
to a source of potential difference and from electrical charge; not having a
potential difference from that of the earth.
Device. A unit of an electrical system which is
intended to carry but not utilize electric energy.
Dielectric heating. Dielectric heating is the
heating of a nominally insulating material due to its own dielectric losses
when the materials are placed in a varying electric filed.
Disconnecting means. A device, or group of
devices, or other means by which the conductors of a circuit can be
disconnected from their source of supply.
Disconnecting (or isolating) switch. (Over 600
volts, nominal.) A mechanical switching device used for isolating a circuit or
equipment from a source of power.
Dry location. See "location."
Electric sign. Fixed, stationary, or portable
self-contained, electrically illuminated utilization equipment with words or
symbols designed to convey information or attract attention.
Electrolytic cell line working zone. The cell
line working zone is the space envelope wherein operation or maintenance is
normally performed on or in the vicinity of exposed energized surfaces of
electrolytic cell lines or their attachments.
Electrolytic cells. A tank or vat in which
electrochemical reactions are caused by applying energy for the purpose of
refining or producing usable materials.
Enclosed. Surrounded by a case, housing, fence
or walls which will prevent persons from accidentally contacting energized
parts.
Enclosure. The case or housing of apparatus, or
the fence or walls surrounding an installation to prevent personnel from
accidentally contacting energized parts, or to protect the equipment from
physical damage.
Energized. Electrically connected to a source of
potential difference.
Equipment. A general term including material,
fittings, devices, appliances, fixtures, apparatus, and the like, used as a
part of, or in connection with, an electrical installation.
Equipment grounding conductor. See "grounding
conductor, equipment."
Explosion-proof apparatus. Apparatus enclosed in
a case that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a specified gas or vapor
which may occur within it and of preventing the ignition of a specified gas or
vapor surrounding the enclosure by sparks, flashes, or explosion of the gas or
vapor within, and which operates at such an external temperature that it will
not ignite a surrounding flammable atmosphere.
Exposed. (As applied to live parts.) Capable of
being inadvertently touched or approached nearer than a safe distance by a
person. It is applied to parts not suitably guarded, isolated, or insulated.
(See "accessible" and "concealed.")
Exposed. (As applied to wiring methods.) On or
attached to the surface or behind panels designed to allow access. See
"Accessible. (As applied to wiring methods.)"
Exposed. (For the purpose of WAC
296-24-95713(5),
communications systems.) Where the circuit is in such a position that in case
of failure of supports or insulation, contact with another circuit may
result.
Externally operable. Capable of being operated
without exposing the operator to contact with live parts.
Feeder. All circuit conductors between the
service equipment, or the generator switchboard of an isolated plant, and the
final branch-circuit overcurrent device.
Fitting. An accessory such as a locknut,
bushing, or other part of a wiring system that is intended primarily to perform
a mechanical rather than an electrical function.
Fountain. Fountains, ornamental pools, display
pools, and reflection pools.
Note to the definition of "fountain:" This
definition does not include drinking fountains.
Fuse. (Over 600 volts, nominal.) An overcurrent
protective device with a circuit opening fusible part that is heated and
severed by the passage of overcurrent through it. A fuse comprises all the
parts that form a unit capable of performing the prescribed functions. It may
or may not be the complete device necessary to connect it into an electrical
circuit.
Ground. A conducting connection, whether
intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the
earth, or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded. Connected to earth or to some
conducting body that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded, effectively. (Over 600 volts,
nominal.) Permanently connected to earth through a ground connection of
sufficiently low impedance and having sufficient ampacity that ground fault
current which may occur cannot build up to voltages dangerous to
personnel.
Grounded conductor. A system or circuit
conductor that is intentionally grounded.
Grounding conductor. A conductor used to connect
equipment or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to a grounding electrode
or electrodes.
Grounding conductor, equipment. The conductor
used to connect the noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and
other enclosures to the system grounded conductor and/or the grounding
electrode conductor at the service equipment or at the source of a separately
derived system.
Grounding electrode conductor. The conductor
used to connect the grounding electrode to the equipment grounding conductor
and/or to the grounded conductor of the circuit at the service equipment or at
the source of a separately derived system.
Ground-fault circuit-interrupter. A device whose
function is to interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault current
to ground exceeds some predetermined value that is less than that required to
operate the overcurrent protective device of the supply circuit.
Guarded. Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or
otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers, rails,
screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood of approach to a point of
danger or contact by persons or objects.
Health care facilities. Buildings or portions of
buildings and mobile homes that contain, but are not limited to, hospitals,
nursing homes, extended care facilities, clinics, and medical and dental
offices, whether fixed or mobile.
Heating equipment. For the purposes of WAC
296-24-95611(7), the term "heating equipment" includes any equipment used for
heating purposes if heat is generated by induction or dielectric
methods.
Hoistway. Any shaftway, hatchway, well hole, or
other vertical opening or space in which an elevator or dumbwaiter is designed
to operate.
Identified. Identified, as used in reference to
a conductor or its terminal, means that such conductor or terminal can be
readily recognized as grounded.
Identified (as applied to equipment). Approved
as suitable for the specific purpose, function, use, environment, or
application, where described in a particular requirement.
Note to the definition of "identified (as applied to
equipment):" Some examples of ways to determine suitability of equipment
for a specific purpose, environment, or application include investigations by a
nationally recognized testing laboratory (through listing and labeling),
inspection agency, or other organization recognized under the definition of
"acceptable."
Induction heating. Induction heating is the
heating of a nominally conductive material due to its own
I2R losses when the material is placed in a varying
electromagnetic field.
Insulated. Separated from other conducting
surfaces by a dielectric (including air space) offering a high resistance to
the passage of current.
Insulated conductor. See "conductor."
Interrupter switch. (Over 600 volts, nominal.) A
switch capable of making, carrying, and interrupting specified currents.
Irrigation machine. An irrigation machine is an
electrically driven or controlled machine, with one or more motors, not hand
portable, and used primarily to transport and distribute water for agricultural
purposes.
Isolated. Not readily accessible to persons
unless special means for access are used.
Isolated power system. A system comprising an
isolating transformer or its equivalent, a line isolation monitor, and its
ungrounded circuit conductors.
Labeled. Equipment is "labeled" if there is
attached to it a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally
recognized testing laboratory which: (a) Makes periodic inspections of the
production of such equipment; and (b) whose labeling indicates compliance with
nationally recognized standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified
manner.
Lighting outlet. An outlet intended for the
direct connection of a lampholder, a lighting fixture, or a pendant cord
terminating in a lampholder.
Line-clearance tree trimming. The pruning,
trimming, repairing, maintaining, removing, or clearing of trees or cutting of
brush that is within 10 feet of electric supply lines and equipment.
Listed. Equipment is "listed" if it is of a kind
mentioned in a list which:
(a) Is published by a nationally recognized laboratory which
makes periodic inspection of the production of such equipment; and
(b) states such equipment meets nationally recognized
standards or has been tested and found safe for use in a specified manner.
Live parts. Energized conductive components.
Location.
(a)
Damp location. Partially protected locations
under canopies, marquees, roofed open porches, and like locations, and interior
locations subject to moderate degrees of moisture, such as some basements, some
barns, and some cold-storage warehouses.
(b)
Dry location. A location not normally
subject to dampness or wetness. A location classified as dry may be temporarily
subject to dampness or wetness, as in the case of a building under
construction.
(c)
Wet location. Installations underground or
in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth, and locations
subject to saturation with water or other liquids, such as vehicle-washing
areas and locations exposed to weather and unprotected.
Medium voltage cable. Type MV medium voltage
cable is a single or multiconductor solid dielectric insulated cable rated 2000
volts or higher.
Metal-clad cable. Type MC cable is a factory
assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in
a metallic sheath of interlocking tape, or a smooth or corrugated tube.
Mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable. Type MI
mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable is a factory assembly of one or more
conductors insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and
enclosed in a liquidtight and gastight continuous copper sheath.
Mobile X ray. X-ray equipment mounted on a
permanent base with wheels and/or casters for moving while completely
assembled.
Motor control center. An assembly of one or more
enclosed sections having a common power bus and principally containing motor
control units.
Nonmetallic-sheathed cable. Nonmetallic-sheathed
cable is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors having an outer
sheath of moisture resistant, flameretardant, nonmetallic material. Nonmetallic
sheathed cable is manufactured in the following types:
(a)
Type NM. The overall covering has a
flameretardant and moisture-resistant finish.
(b)
Type NMC. The overall covering is
flame-retardant, moisture-resistant, fungus-resistant, and corrosion-resistant.
Oil (filled) cutout. (Over 600 volts, nominal.)
A cutout in which all or part of the fuse support and its fuse link or
disconnecting blade are mounted in oil with complete immersion of the contacts
and the fusible portion of the conducting element (fuse link), so that arc
interruption by severing of the fuse link or by opening of the contacts will
occur under oil.
Open wiring on insulators. Open wiring on
insulators is an exposed wiring method using cleats, knobs, tubes, and flexible
tubing for the protection and support of single insulated conductors run in or
on buildings, and not concealed by the building structure.
Outlet. A point on the wiring system at which
current is taken to supply utilization equipment.
Outline lighting. An arrangement of incandescent
lamps or electric discharge tubing to outline or call attention to certain
features such as the shape of a building or the decoration of a window.
Oven, wall-mounted. An oven for cooking purposes
designed for mounting in or on a wall or other surface and consisting of one or
more heating elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable
controls. (See "cooking unit, counter-mounted.")
Overcurrent. Any current in excess of the rated
current of equipment or the ampacity of a conductor. It may result from
overload (see definition), short circuit, or ground fault. A current in excess
of rating may be accommodated by certain equipment and conductors for a given
set of conditions. Hence the rules for overcurrent protection are specific for
particular situations.
Overhaul. To perform a major replacement,
modification, repair, or rehabilitation similar to that involved when a new
building or facility is built, a new wing is added, or an entire floor is
renovated.
Overload. Operation of equipment in excess of
normal, full load rating, or of a conductor in excess of rated ampacity which,
when it persists for a sufficient length of time, would cause damage or
dangerous overheating. A fault, such as a short circuit or ground fault, is not
an overload. (See "over-current.")
Panelboard. A single panel or group of panel
units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel; including buses,
automatic overcurrent devices, and with or without switches for the control of
light, heat, or power circuits; designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout
box placed in or against a wall or partition and accessible only from the
front. (See "switchboard.")
Permanently installed decorative fountains and
reflection pools. Those that are constructed in the ground, on the
ground, or in a building in such a manner that the pool cannot be readily
disassembled for storage and are served by electrical circuits of any nature.
These units are primarily constructed for their aesthetic value and not
intended for swimming or wading.
Permanently installed swimming pools, wading and
therapeutic pools. Those that are constructed in the ground, on the
ground, or in a building in such a manner that the pool cannot be readily
disassembled for storage whether or not served by electrical circuits of any
nature.
Portable X ray. X-ray equipment designed to be
hand-carried.
Power and control tray cable. Type TC power and
control tray cable is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors,
with or without associated bare or covered grounding conductors under a
nonmetallic sheath, approved for installation in cable trays, in raceways, or
where supported by a messenger wire.
Power fuse. (Over 600 volts, nominal.) See
"fuse."
Power-limited tray cable. Type PLTC
nonmetallic-sheathed power limited tray cable is a factory assembly of two or
more insulated conductors under a nonmetallic jacket.
Power outlet. An enclosed assembly which may
include receptacles, circuit breakers, fuseholders, fused switches, buses and
watt-hour meter mounting means; intended to supply and control power to mobile
homes, recreational vehicles or boats, or to serve as a means for distributing
power required to operate mobile or temporarily installed equipment.
Premises wiring system. That interior and
exterior wiring, including power, lighting, control, and signal circuit wiring
together with all of its associated hardware, fittings, and wiring devices,
both permanently and temporarily installed, which extends from the load end of
the service drop, or load end of the service lateral conductors to the
outlet(s). Such wiring does not include wiring internal to appliances,
fixtures, motors, controllers, motor control centers, and similar
equipment.
Qualified person. One familiar with the
construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved.
Note 1: Whether an employee is considered to be
a "qualified person" will depend upon various circumstances in the workplace.
It is possible, and in fact likely, for an individual to be considered
"qualified" with regard to certain equipment in the workplace, but
"unqualified" as to other equipment. (See WAC
296-24-970 for training
requirements that specifically apply to qualified persons.)
Note 2: An employee who is undergoing on-the-job
training and who, in the course of such training, has demonstrated an ability
to perform duties safely at their level of training and who is under the direct
supervision of a qualified person is considered to be a qualified person for
the performance of those duties.
Raceway. A channel designed expressly for
holding wires, cables, or busbars, with additional functions as permitted in
this part. Raceways may be of metal or insulating material, and the term
includes rigid metal conduit, rigid nonmetallic conduit, intermediate metal
conduit, liquidtight flexible metal conduit, flexible metallic tubing, flexible
metal conduit, electrical metallic tubing, underfloor raceways, cellular
concrete floor raceways, cellular metal floor raceways, surface raceways,
wireways, and busways.
Readily accessible. Capable of being reached
quickly for operation, renewal, or inspections, without requiring those to whom
ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to
portable ladders, chairs, etc. (See "accessible.")
Receptacle. A receptacle is a contact device
installed at the outlet for the connection of a single attachment plug. A
single receptacle is a single contact device with no other contact device on
the same yoke. A multiple receptacle is a single device containing two or more
receptacles.
Receptacle outlet. An outlet where one or more
receptacles are installed.
Remote-control circuit. Any electric circuit
that controls any other circuit through a relay or an equivalent device.
Sealable equipment. Equipment enclosed in a case
or cabinet that is provided with a means of sealing or locking so that live
parts cannot be made accessible without opening the enclosure. The equipment
may or may not be operable without opening the enclosure.
Separately derived system. A premises wiring
system whose power is derived from generator, transformer, or converter winding
and has no direct electrical connection, including a solidly connected grounded
circuit conductor, to supply conductors originating in another system.
Service. The conductors and equipment for
delivering energy from the electricity supply system to the wiring system of
the premises served.
Service cable. Service conductors made up in the
form of a cable.
Service conductors. The supply conductors that
extend from the street main or from transformers to the service equipment of
the premises supplied.
Service drop. The overhead service conductors
from the last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if
any, connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other
structure.
Service-entrance cable. Service-entrance cable
is a single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or without an
overall covering, primarily used for services and of the following
types:
(a) Type SE, having a flame-retardant,
moisture-resistant covering, but not required to have inherent protection
against mechanical abuse.
(b) Type USE, recognized for underground use,
having a moisture-resistant covering, but not required to have a
flame-retardant covering or inherent protection against mechanical abuse.
Single-conductor cables having an insulation specifically approved for the
purpose do not require an outer covering.
Service-entrance conductors, overhead system.
The service conductors between the terminals of the service equipment and a
point usually outside the building, clear of building walls, where joined by
tap or splice to the service drop.
Service-entrance conductors, underground
system.
The service conductors between the terminals of the service
equipment and the point of connection to the service lateral. Where service
equipment is located outside the building walls, there may be no
service-entrance conductors, or they may be entirely outside the
building.
Service equipment. The necessary equipment,
usually consisting of a circuit breaker or switch and fuses, and their
accessories, located near the point of entrance of supply conductors to a
building or other structure, or an otherwise defined area, and intended to
constitute the main control and means of cutoff of the supply.
Service raceway. The raceway that encloses the
service-entrance conductors.
Shielded nonmetallic-sheathed cable. Type SNM,
shielded nonmetallic-sheathed cable, is a factory assembly of two or more
insulated conductors in an extruded core of moisture-resistant, flame-resistant
nonmetallic material, covered with an overlapping spiral metal tape and wire
shield and jacketed with an extruded moisture-resistant, flame-resistant,
oil-resistant, corrosion-resistant, fungus-resistant, and sunlight-resistant
nonmetallic material.
Show window. Any window used or designed to be
used for the display of goods or advertising material, whether it is fully or
partly enclosed or entirely open at the rear and whether or not it has a
platform raised higher than the street floor level.
Sign. See "electric sign."
Signaling circuit. Any electric circuit that
energizes signaling equipment.
Special permission. The written consent of the
authority having jurisdiction.
Storable swimming or wading pool. A pool with a
maximum dimension of fifteen feet and a maximum wall height of three feet and
is so constructed that it may be readily disassembled for storage and
reassembled to its original integrity.
Switchboard. A large single panel, frame, or
assembly of panels which have switches, buses, instruments, overcurrent and
other protective devices mounted on the face or back or both. Switchboards are
generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not
intended to be installed in cabinets. (See "panelboard.")
Switches.
(a)
General-use switch. A switch intended for
use in general distribution and branch circuits. It is rated in amperes, and it
is capable of interrupting its rated current at its rated voltage.
(b)
General-use snap switch. A form of
general-use switch so constructed that it can be installed in flush device
boxes or on outlet box covers, or otherwise used in conjunction with wiring
systems recognized by this part.
(c)
Isolating switch. A switch intended for
isolating an electric circuit from the source of power. It has no interrupting
rating, and it is intended to be operated only after the circuit has been
opened by some other means.
(d)
Motor-circuit switch. A switch, rated in
horsepower, capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a
motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage.
Switching devices. (Over 600 volts, nominal.)
Devices designed to close and/or open one or more electric circuits. Included
in this category are circuit breakers, cutouts, disconnecting (or isolating)
switches, disconnecting means, interrupter switches, and oil (filled)
cutouts.
Transportable X ray. X-ray equipment installed
in a vehicle or that may readily be disassembled for transport in a
vehicle.
Utilization equipment. Utilization equipment
means equipment which utilizes electric energy for mechanical, chemical,
heating, lighting, or similar useful purpose.
Utilization system. A utilization system is a
system which provides electric power and light for employee workplaces, and
includes the premises wiring system and utilization equipment.
Ventilated. Provided with a means to permit
circulation of air sufficient to remove an excess of heat, fumes, or
vapors.
Volatile flammable liquid. A flammable liquid
having a flash point below 38°C (100°F) or whose temperature is above
its flash point.
Voltage (of a circuit). The greatest
root-mean-square (effective) difference of potential between any two conductors
of the circuit concerned.
Voltage, nominal. A nominal value assigned to a
circuit or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its voltage class
(as 120/240, 480Y/277, 600, etc.). The actual voltage at which a circuit
operates can vary from the nominal within a range that permits satisfactory
operation of equipment.
Voltage to ground. For grounded circuits, the
voltage between the given conductor and that point or conductor of the circuit
that is grounded; for undergrounded circuits, the greatest voltage between the
given conductor and any other conductor of the circuit.
Watertight. So constructed that moisture will
not enter the enclosure.
Weatherproof. So constructed or protected that
exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation.
Rainproof, raintight, or watertight equipment can fulfill the requirements for
weatherproof where varying weather conditions other than wetness, such as snow,
ice, dust, or temperature extremes, are not a factor.
Wet location. See "location."
Wireways. Wireways are sheet-metal troughs with
hinged or removable covers for housing and protecting electric wires and cable
and in which conductors are laid in place after the wireway has been installed
as a complete system.
