(1) Fully
controlled limited access highways:
(a) All
interstate highways shall require full access control.
(b) All principal arterial highways requiring
four or more through traffic lanes within a twenty-year design period, shall
require full control of access, unless approved for partial or modified access
control on existing highways by the secretary of transportation or his
designee.
(2) Partially
controlled limited access highways:
(a)
Principal arterial highways requiring two through traffic lanes where the
estimated traffic volumes exceed three thousand average daily traffic within a
twenty-year design period shall require partial control of access, unless
approved for modified access control on existing highways by the secretary of
transportation or his designee.
(b)
Rural minor arterial highways on both new and existing location and urban minor
arterial highways on new location, requiring four or more through traffic lanes
within a twenty- year design period, or requiring only two through traffic
lanes where the estimated traffic volumes exceed three thousand average daily
traffic within a twenty-year design period, shall require partial control of
access; however, modified access control may be applied on existing location
when approved by the secretary of transportation or his designee.
(c) Collector highways on new location
requiring four or more through traffic lanes in a twenty-year design period
shall require partial control of access.
(d) Other rural minor arterial highways with
only two lanes may be considered for partial or modified control of access if
the control can be acquired at a reasonable cost; if the route connects two
highways of a higher classification; if the potential land development would
result in numerous individual approaches such as may be encountered in a
recreational area; or if the highway traverses publicly owned lands where
access control seems desirable.
(e)
Partial access control will not normally be used in urban areas, or inside
corporate limits on existing principal arterial or minor arterial highways
where traffic volumes are less than seven hundred design hour volume if
required levels of urban service, including operating speeds, can be maintained
for the estimated traffic under existing and estimated future conditions,
including traffic engineering operational improvements. If not, the route
should be relocated or reconstructed in accordance with the modified or partial
access control standards.
(f)
Existing collector highways will normally be considered for access control only
where all of the following conditions apply:
(i) The highway serves an area which is not
directly served by a higher class of highway.
(ii) Existing or planned development will
result in traffic volumes significantly higher than the warrants for access
control on minor arterials.
(iii)
Partial or modified access control may be established without a major impact on
development of abutting properties within the constraints of zoning established
at the time access control is proposed.
(g) Termini of access control sections should
be at apparent logical points of design change.
(3) Modified access control - Access control
on existing highways:
(a) Modified access
control may be established on existing highways. The degree of control applied
will be such that most approaches, including commercial approaches, existing
and in use at the time of the establishment, may be allowed. Commercial
approaches for future development may also be considered in order to avoid
economic land locking. No commercial approaches will be allowed other than
those included in the plan at the time access control is established and access
rights are acquired.
(b) Selection
of facilities on which modified access control will be applied, will be based
upon a design analysis considering but not limited to traffic volumes, level of
service, route continuity, population density, local land use planning
predicted growth rate established by the planning agency having jurisdiction,
economic analysis, and safety. A comparison of these factors based on modified
access control versus full or partial control shall be the basis of the
decision by the secretary of transportation or his designee to establish
modified access control on a section or sections of highway.
(c) Where modified access control is to be
established on existing highways, commercial areas may be excepted from control
when all or most of the abutting property is developed to the extent that few,
if any, additional road approaches would be required with full development of
the area. Such exceptions will not normally extend to corporate limits or to
urban area boundaries.
Nothing in this policy should be construed to prevent short
sections of full, partial, or modified control of access where unusual
topographic, land use, or traffic conditions exist. Special design problems
should be dealt with on the basis of sound engineering-economic
principles.
Because specific warrants cannot be logically or economically
applied in every circumstance, exceptions may be considered upon presentation
to the secretary of transportation or his designee of justification for
reasonable deviation from this policy.