The following definitions are applicable to terms used in
this chapter. Definitions of other terms and meanings of abbreviations are set
forth in chs.
NR 205 and
211, and the Development Document
for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Pulp, Paper and
Paperboard and the Builders' Paper and Board Mills Point Source Categories, EPA
440/1-82/025, October, 1982.
Note: Copies of this document are available for inspection at
the office of the department of natural resources, the secretary of state's
office, and the office of the legislative reference bureau, and may be obtained
for personal use from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C. 20460.
(1)
"Acid sulfite cooking liquor" means sulfite cooking liquor having a pH less
than 3.0.
(2) "BCT bleached kraft
subcategory" includes those mills at which bleached kraft pulp is produced in a
full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium
sulfide cooking liquor.
Note: Principal products include paperboard (B), coarse
papers (C), tissue papers (T) and market pulp.
(3) "Bisulfite cooking liquor" means sulfite
cooking liquor having a pH betwee n 3.0 and 6.0.
(4) "Builders' paper and roofing felt
subcategory" includes those mills at which heavy papers used in the
construction industry are produced from wastepaper, wood flour and sawdust,
wood chips, and rags. Neither bleaching nor chemical pulping processes are
employed on-site.
Note: Principal products include saturating, deadening, and
flooring papers, and roofing felt.
(5) "Corrugating medium furnish subdivision"
includes those mills in the paperboard from wastepaper subcategory where only
recycled corrugating medium is used in the production of paperboard.
(6) "Cotton fiber furnish subdivision"
includes those mills in the nonintegrated-fine papers subcategory which produce
a paper product containing equal to or greater than 4% cotton fibers.
(7) "Deink subcategory" includes those mills
at which brightened or bleached deinked pulp is produced from wastepapers using
an alkaline process to remove contaminants such as ink and coating pigments.
Note: Principal products include fine papers such as
printing, writing and business papers, tissue papers, newsprint and market
pulp.
(8) "Dissolving kraft
subcategory" includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced
by a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium
sulfide cooking liquor. Included in the manufacturing process is a precook
operation termed prehydrolysis.
Note: The principal product at these mills is a highly
bleached and purified dissolving pulp used principally for manufacture of rayon
and other products requiring the virtual absence of lignin and a very high
alpha cellulose content.
(9) "Dissolving sulfite pulp subcategory"
includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced in a full cook
process employing strong solutions of sulfites of calcium, magnesium, ammonia
or sodium.
Note: Principal products include viscose, nitration,
cellophane or acetate grade pulps which are used principally for the
manufacture of rayon and other products that require the virtual absence of
lignin.
(10) "Fine bleached
kraft subcategory" includes those mills at which bleached kraft pulp is
produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide
and sodium sulfide cooking liquor.
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which includes
business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
(11) "Full cook" means chemical pulping
methods which employ the heating under pressure of wood, water and chemicals in
a closed vessel to a temperature sufficient to separate the fibrous portion of
the wood by dissolving lignin and other nonfibrous constituents.
(12) "FWP" means "from wastepaper."
(13) "Groundwood-chemi-mechanical
subcategory" includes those mills at which pulp is produced, with or without
brightening, utilizing a chemical cooking liquor to partially cook the wood
followed by mechanical defribration by refining, resulting in yields of 90% or
greater.
Note: Principal products include fine papers, newsprint,
molded fiber products and market pulp.
(14) "Groundwood-CMN papers subcategory"
includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without
brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or
refiners.
Note: Principal products include coarse papers (C), molded
fiber products (M), newsprint (N) and market pulp.
(15) "Groundwood-fine papers subcategory"
includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without
brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or
refiners.
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which includes
business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
(16) "Groundwood-thermo-mechanical
subcategory" includes those mills at which pulp is produced in a brief cook
process employing steam, with or without the addition of cooking chemicals,
such as sodium sulfite, followed by mechanical defribration by refiners, which
are frequently under pressure, resulting in yields of approximately 95% or
greater. The pulp may be brightened using hydrosulfite or peroxide bleaching
chemicals. Principal products include market pulp, fine papers, newsprint and
tissue papers.
(17) "Integrated"
means a term used to describe a pulp and paper mill operation in which all or
some of the pulp is processed into paper at the mill.
(18) "Market bleached kraft subcategory"
includes those mills at which bleached pulp is produced in a full cook process
employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor.
Note: The principal product is papergrade market pulp.
(19) "New source" for direct
dischargers means any point source the construction of which commenced after
January 3, 1983; and for indirect dischargers means any building, structure,
facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of
pollutants, the construction of which commenced after January 6,
1981.
(20) "Noncontinuous
discharger" means a point source which discharges wastewaters pursuant to a
WPDES permit which:
(a) Prohibits the
discharge of pollutants during specified periods of time in excess of 24 hours
in duration for purposes other than control of treatment plant upsets,
and
(b) Specifies that annual
average limitations are applicable to such a discharge.
(21) "Noncorrugating medium furnish
subdivision" includes those mills in the paperboard from wastepaper subcategory
where recycled corrugating medium is not used in the production of
paperboard.
(22)
"Nonintegrated-filter and nonwoven papers subcategory" includes those mills at
which filter papers and nonwoven items are produced from wood pulp, secondary
fibers and nonwood fibers which are prepared at other sites.
Note: Principal products include filter and blotting papers,
nonwoven packaging and specialty papers, insulation, technical papers and
gaskets.
(23)
"Nonintegrated-fine papers subcategory" includes those mills at which fine
papers are produced from wood pulp or deinked pulp prepared at other sites.
Note: Principal products include printing, business, writing
and technical papers.
(24)
"Nonintegrated-lightweight papers subcategory" includes those mills at which
lightweight or thin papers are produced from wood pulp or secondary fibers
prepared at other sites and from nonwood fibers and additives.
Note: Principal products include uncoated thin papers, such
as carbonizing papers and cigarette papers, and some special grades of tissue
such as capacitor, pattern, and interleaf.
(25) "Nonintegrated-paperboard subcategory"
includes those mills at which paperboard is produced from wood pulp or
secondary fibers prepared at other sites. Mills at which electrical grades of
board or matrix board are produced are not included in this subcategory.
Note: Principal products include linerboard, folding
boxboard, milk cartons, food board, chip board, pressboard, and other specialty
boards.
(26)
"Nonintegrated-tissue papers subcategory" includes those mills at which tissue
papers are produced from wood pulp or deinked pulp prepared at other sites.
Note: Principal products include facial and toilet papers,
glassine, paper diapers and paper towels.
(27) "Paperboard from wastepaper subcategory"
includes those mills at which paperboard products are manufactured, without
bleaching, from wastepapers including corrugated boxes, box board and
newspapers. Those mills at which wastepaper comprises less than 80% of the raw
material fibers are not included in this subcategory.
Note: Principal products include a wide variety of items used
in commercial packaging, such as bottle cartons.
(28) "Papergrade sulfite (blow pit wash)
subcategory" includes those mills at which sulfite pulp is produced in full
cook process employing an acidic cooking liquor of sulfites of calcium,
magnesium, ammonia or sodium. Following cooking operations, spent cooking
liquor is washed from the pulp in blow pits.
Note: Principal products include tissue papers, newspapers,
fine papers and market pulp.
(29) "Papergrade sulfite (drum wash)
subcategory" includes those mills at which sulfite pulp is produced in a full
cook process using an acidic cooking liquor of sulfites of calcium, magnesium,
ammonia or sodium. Following cooking operations, spent cooking liquor is washed
from the pulp on vacuum or pressure drums. Also included are mills using belt
extraction systems for pulp washing.
Note: Principal products include tissue papers, fine papers,
newsprint and market pulp.
(30) "PCP" means pentachlorophenol.
(31) "Production" means the annual
off-the-machine production, including off-the-machine coating where applicable,
divided by the number of operating days during that year.
(32) "Semi-chemical subcategory" includes
those mills at which pulp is produced using a process that involves the cooking
of wood chips under pressure with a variety of cooking liquors including
neutral sulfite and combinations of soda ash and caustic soda. The cooked chips
are usually refined before being converted into board or similar products.
Sodium base neutral sulfite semi-chemical and ammonia base neutral sulfite
semi-chemical mills are included in this subcategory for BPT and NSPS.
Note: Principal products include corrugating medium,
insulating board, partition board, chip board, tube stock, and speciality
boards.
(33) "Settleable
solids" means the amount of settleable matter present in an effluent sample as
determined by the test described in "Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater," 15th edition (1980).
Note: Copies are available for inspection at the office of
the department of natural resources, the secretary of state's office, and the
office of the legislative reference bureau, and may be obtained for personal
use from the American Public Health Association, Inc., 1015 Fifteenth St., NW,
Washington, D.C. 20005.
(34) "Soda subcategory" includes those mills
at which bleached soda pulp is produced in full cook process employing a highly
alkaline sodium hydroxide cooking liquor.
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which include
printing, writing and business papers and market pulp.
(35) "TCP" means trichlorophenol.
(36) "Tissue from wastepaper subcategory"
includes those mills at which tissue papers are produced from wastepapers
without deinking.
Note: Principal products include facial and toilet paper,
glassine, paper diapers and paper towels.
(37) "TSS" means total suspended
nonfilterable solids as measured by the technique using glass fiber disks
specified in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,"
15th edition (1980).
Note: Copies are available as set forth in sub. (33)
(Note).
(38) "Unbleached
kraft subcategory" includes those mills at which unbleached pulp is produced in
a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium
sulfide cooking liquor.
Note: Principal products include linerboard, the smooth
facing of corrugated boxes; and bag papers.
(39) "Unbleached kraft and semi-chemical
subcategory" includes those mills at which unbleached pulp is produced using 2
pulping processes: unbleached kraft and semi-chemical, where semi-chemical
cooking liquor is burned within the kraft chemical recovery system. Unbleached
kraft-neutral sulfite semi-chemical mills are included in this subcategory.
Note: Principal products include both linerboard and
corrugating medium used in the production of corrugated boxes.
(40) "Unbleached kraft-neutral
sulfite semi-chemical (cross-recovery) subcategory" includes those mills at
which unbleached pulp is produced using both unbleached kraft and neutral
sulfite semi-chemical, where the spent neutral sulfite semi-chemical cooking
liquor is burned within the kraft chemical recovery system.
Note: Principal products include both linerboard and
corrugating medium used in the production of corrugated boxes.
(41) "Wastepaper-molded products
subcategory" includes those mills at which molded products are produced from
wastepapers without deinking.
Note: Principal products include molded items such as fruit
and vegetable packs and similar throw-away containers and display items.
(42) "Wet barking operations"
include hydraulic barking operations and wet drum barking operations which are
those drum barking operations that use substantial quantities of water in
either water sprays in the barking drums or in a partial submersion of the
drums in a tub of water.
(43) "Wood
fiber furnish subdivision" includes those mills in the nonintegrated-fine
papers subcategory where cotton fibers are not used in the production of fine
papers.
