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U.S. Code: Title 31

This title was enacted by Pub. L. 97–258, § 1, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877

Current through 118-3

Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 31

Title 31

Former Sections

Title 31

New Sections

1

Rep.

2

701, 1101

11(a)

1105

11(b), (c)

1106

11(d)–(f)

1105

11(g) (1st–3d sentences)

1106

11(g) (last sentence)–(i) (1st sentence)

1105

11(i) (last sentence), (j)

1108

11(k)(1)

1105

11(k)(2)

1113

11 note

1105

11a

1109

11b

T. 2 § 661

11c

1110

11d

1104

12

Rep.

13

1105

14

1107

15

1108

16 (1st sentence)

501

16 (2d, 3d sentences)

502

16 (last sentence related to preparation of budgets and appropriations)

1104

16 (last sentence related to appropriations request)

1108

16a

502

16b

Rep.

16c

502

17(a) (related to employees)

521

17(a) (related to expenses)

522

17(b), (c)

Rep.

18, 18a

1111

18b

1104

18c

1112

19

1105

20

1113

21

1104

22–24

1108

25

1105

26

Rep.

27

1103

28

1114

41

702

42(a) (1st sentence words before comma)

702

42(a) (1st sentence words after comma, last sentence), (b)

703

42a

703

43 (1st par.)

703

43 (2d par. 1st, 2d, 4th, last sentences)

772

43 (2d par. 3d sentence)

779

43 (3d par.)

772

43 (last par.)

775

43a

703

43b(a)–(c)

773

43b(d), (e)

774

43b(f)

776

43b(g)

771

43b(h)

778

43b(i), (j) (less last 13 words before colon)

775

43b(j) (last 13 words before colon)

776

43b(k)

775

43b(l), (m)

776

43b(n), (o)

774

43b(p)

771

43b(q)

773

43b(r)

779

43c

777

44 (1st sentence)

711, 731, 3301, 3323, 3324, 3521, 3522, 3526, 3529, 3531, 3541, 3702, (See § 2(b) of Pub. L. 97–258)

44 (2d, last sentences)

3526

45

Rep.

46

704

46a to 48

Rep.

49

3511

49a

5120

50, 51

Rep.

51–1

702

51a, 52(a), (b)

731

52(c), (d)

711

52–1 (related to appointment, pay and assignment)

731

52–1 (related to direct)

711

52–2

732

52–3(a)–(d)

751

52–3(e)–(g)

752

52–3(h)

753

52–3(i)

754

52–3(j), (k)

753

52–3(l)

755

52–3(m)

753

52–4(a)

733

52–4(b)

731

52–5

732

52–6

735

52–7

736

52a

Rep.

52b, 52c

731

53(a) (1st sentence words before 5th comma)

712

53(a) (1st sentence words after 5th comma, last sentence)

719

53(b)

712

53(c)–(e)

719

53(f)

718

54

716

55

Rep.

56

731

57, 58

Rep.

59, 60 (1st sentence)

712

60 (last sentence)

719

61

715

65(a)–(e)

Rep.

65(f)

3511

65a

3501

65b

3521

66(a)

3511

66(b) (less Treasury Department)

3512

66(b) (related to Treasury Department)

3513

66(c)

3512

66a

3512

66b

3513

66c

3326

66d

3514

67(a)–(c)

3523

67(d)(1)–(3)

713

67(d)(4)

719

67(e)(1)–(5), (7)

714

67(e)(6)(A)

719

67(e)(6)(B)

718

67(f)

3524

68

9501

68a

9503

68b

9504

68c, 68d

9502

71 (related to accounts)

3526

71 (related to claims)

3702

71a

3702

72, 73

Rep.

74 (1st, 2d pars., last par. words after 4th comma)

3526

74 (last par. words before 4th comma)

3529

75

3521

76 (1st, last sentences)

3324

76 (2d, 3d sentences)

3323

77

3323

78

3522

79

Rep.

80–80c

3522

81

3522

82

3521

82a

3325

82a–1, 82a–2

3527

82b

3325

82b–1

3521

82c

3528

82d (words before semicolon)

3541

82d (words after semicolon)

3529

82e (related to 31:82b)

3325

82e (related to 31:82c)

3528

82e (related to 31:82d)

3529

82f (related to disbursing officers)

3325

82f (related to certifying officers)

3528

82g (related to disbursing officers)

3322

82g (related to certifying officers)

3528

82h

T. 7 § 1032a

82i

3526

82j to 82p

Rep.

83, 84

Rep.

85

T. 48 § 1469–1

86

3702

87, 88

Rep.

89–92

3531

93, 94

Rep.

95

T. 10 § 4842

95a

3527

95b (related to Army, Navy, Air Force)

T. 10 § 2777

95b (related to State Department)

T. 22 § 2668

96–102

Rep.

103

T. 10 § 2778

103a

T. 10 § 2773

103b

T. 10 § 2773

104

T. 10 § 7861

105

Rep.

106

T. 10 § 7862

107

3526

107a

Rep.

108

T. 10 § 7231

109–116

Rep.

117

711

118–121

Rep.

122

3702

123 (words before 1st proviso)

3329

123 (provisos)

3330

124 (1st par.)

3329

124 (last par.)

3330

125 (1st par.)

3329

125 (last par.)

3330

126

3329

127

321

128

3329

129–131

3712

132

3328

133

Rep.

134

3328

135

3525

141

301

142–146

Rep.

147 (less disbursement)

3301

147 (related to disbursement)

3323

148–154

Rep.

155

(See former 1003)

156

3333

157

327

161, 162

Rep.

163

329

164–166

Rep.

171

303

172, 173

Rep.

174

5144

175

5155

176

Rep.

177

5114

178, 179

Rep.

180

5141

181

5143

181 note

5142

181a

5142

181b, 181c

5141

181d, 181e

Rep.

191, 192

3713

193

9309

194

Rep.

195

3715

196–199

Rep.

200(a)

1501

200(b), (c)

1108

200(d)

1502

200(e)

1501

201, 202

Rep.

203

3727

204–206

Rep.

207

3714

208–214

Rep.

215

3723

215a

Rep.

216, 217

3723

218–224

Rep.

224a, 224a note

3725

224b, 224b note

3724 

224c to 226

Rep.

227

3728

228

Rep.

229

T. 2 § 190l

230

T. 2 § 190m

231

3729

232(A)–(E)

3730

232(F)

3731

233

3730

234

Rep.

235

3731

236, 237

3702

237a

3712

238, 238 note

3722

239

3727

240(1), (2), (4)

3701

240(3)

3721

241(a)–(d)

3721

241(e)

Rep.

241(f)

3721

242–243a

3721

243a note

3721

244

3726

251 (1st sentence words after 1st comma)

5131

251 (less 1st sentence words after 1st comma)

304

252

Rep.

253

5132

254

Rep.

261

5131

262

Rep.

263

5131

264–271

Rep.

272

5111

273 (1st, 2d sentences)

5132

273 (last sentence)

5122

274

5121

275

5111

276

5112

277

5121

278, 279

5131

280

Rep.

281

5131

282

Rep.

283 (1st sentence)

5131

283 (2d, last sentences)

5133

284–286

Rep.

287

5131

291

Rep.

292

5131

293, 294

Rep.

301–304

Rep.

311–315a

Rep.

315b

5118

316–316d

Rep.

317(a), (b)

5112

317(c)

Rep.

317a, 317b

Rep.

317c

5120

317d to 317e–1

Rep.

317f

321

318–320

Rep.

321

5112

322

5111

323

Rep.

324

5112

324a

5114

324b to 324c

5112

324d, 324e

Rep.

324f

5131

324g

Rep.

324h

5111

324i

Rep.

325

5121

326

Rep.

327–330

5121

331, 332

5122

333

Rep.

334

5122

335

5116

336–339

Rep.

340

5111

341

Rep.

342

5111

343, 344

5121

345

5111

346

5112

347

5121

348, 349

Rep.

350, 351

5113

352

Rep.

353

5111

354–356

5133

357, 358

5122

359

Rep.

360

5121

361 (1st sentence words before 1st comma)

5131

361 (1st sentence words after 1st comma, last sentence)

5132

362

5121

363

Rep.

364

5102

365

5133

366

Rep.

367, 368

5111

369

5132

370

Rep.

371

5101

372

5151

373–388o

Rep.

391(a)

5111

391(b)–(d)

5112

392

5103

393(a)

5111

393(b)

Rep.

394

5116

395, 396

5111

397

321

398(1)–(4), (6)

5112

398(5)

5113

399

5112

401, 402

5115

403

Rep.

404

5119

405, 405a

Rep.

405a–1

5116

405a–2, 405a–3

5119

405b

5117

406–408

Rep.

408a (last proviso)

5117

408a (less last proviso)

5119

408b to 412

Rep.

413–416

5114

417

Rep.

418, 418a

5114

419

5114

420

5119

421, 422

5120

423

Rep.

424

5153

425, 426

5154

427

321

428–430

Rep.

440

Rep.

441

5117

442, 443

Rep.

444 (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d semicolons)

5119

444 (less 1st sentence words between 2d and 3d semicolons)

Rep.

445, 446

Rep.

448–448e

Rep.

449

Rep.

449a

5152

449b, 449c

Rep.

451–455

Rep.

456

5103

457–462

Rep.

463, 463 note

5118

471

Rep.

472

302

473

3303

474–483

Rep.

483a

9701

483b

T. 10 § 1042

484

3302

485

Rep.

486

321

486a to 488

Rep.

488a

T. 16 § 580o–2

488b to 488b–2

Rep.

488b–3

T. 16 § 580o

488b–4

T. 16 § 580o–1

488b–5

T. 16 § 580o–3

488b–6

T. 16 § 580o–4

489

T. 40 § 485a (See Rev. T. 40 Table)

489a

T. 10 § 2636

490

3302

491

Rep.

492(a)

3322

492(b)–(d)

3332

492 note

3332

492–1

3321

492–2

Rep.

492a–492c

3342

492d

Rep.

493

T. 10 § 4841

493a

T. 10 § 2776

493b, 494

Rep.

495

3302

495a

Rep.

496, 497

3522

497a

3532

498

3522

499–504b

Rep.

505

3545

506, 507

3541

508

3542

509

Rep.

510–513

3542

514

3541

516

3541

517–519

3543

520

3544

521

3302

522

3304

523, 524

Rep.

525

3302

526

3327

527

3328

528(a)–(c)

3331

528(d)

321

528(e)

Rep.

528(f), (g)

3331

528(h)

Rep.

529

3324

529a

Rep.

529b

T. 19 § 2076

529c

T. 19 § 2077

529d

T. 19 § 2078

529e

T. 19 § 2079

529f

T. 19 § 2080

529g, 529h

Rep.

529i, 529j

T. 10 § 2395

530

Rep.

530a, 530b

3324

531

T. 15 § 196

532

T. 28 § 571

533

Rep.

534

T. 16 § 556d

535

T. 22 § 268b

536, 537

T. 10 § 2777

538

3526

539, 540

T. 10 § 2777

541

3526

542, 543

Rep.

544

3341

545

3302

546

Rep.

547

T. 22 § 2668a

547a

9702

548

3305

549

Rep.

550

T. 33 § 877

551, 552

1345

553

T. 42 § 3514

554

Rep.

555

T. 26 § 4986 note

561–563a

3343

564

321

571

Rep.

581

1104

581 note

1303

581a

1104

581b

1108

581c

1531

581c–1

Rep.

581d

3530

582–622

Rep.

623

1104

624–626

Rep.

627, 628

1301

628–1

1532

628–2, 628–3

T. 10 § 2779

628a

1534

629–638

Rep.

638a(a)–(c)(1)

1343

638a(c)(2) (1st, last sentences)

1344

638a(c)(2) (2d sentence)

1349

638a(d)

Rep.

638a(e)

1343

638a–1

1343

638b

T. 33 § 576a

638c

1343 note

638d, 638e

1343

638f

Elim.

639–649

Rep.

649a

T. 10 § 956 note

649b

Rep.

649c

T. 10 § 2394

650

Rep.

650a

T. 37 § 406

650b to 660

Rep.

661

T. 33 § 878

662

T. 16 § 754a

663, 663a

Rep.

664

Rep.

665(a)

1341

665(b)

1342

665(c) (less (1) (last sentence))

1512

665(c)(1) (last sentence)

1511

665(d)(1), (2) (1st–4th sentences, 6th sentence 1st–22d words)

1513

665(d)(2) (5th sentence, 6th sentence less 1st–22d words)

1511

665(d)(2) (last sentence related to spending and obligations)

1341

665(d)(2) (last sentence related to voluntary services)

1342

665(d)(2) (last sentence related to price supports)

1511

665(e)

1515

665(f)(1)

1516

665(f)(2)

1511

665(g) (1st sentence)

1513

665(g) (less 1st sentence)

1514

665(h)

1517

665(i)(1) (words before semicolon related to (a), (b))

1549

665(i)(1) (words after semicolon related to (a), (b))

1550

665(i)(1) (words before semicolon related to (h))

1518

665(i)(1) (words after semicolon related to (h))

1519

665(i)(2) (related to (a), (b))

1351

665(i)(2) (related to (h))

1517

665a

1515

665b

1502

666

T. 10 § 4541

667

Rep.

668

T. 41 § 11a (See Rev. T. 41 Table)

668a

1308

669 (words before semicolon)

1513

669 (words after semicolon)

1341

670

1302

671

T. 2 §§ 68–2, 95a

671a

Rep.

672, 673

1346

674–678

Rep.

679–680a

1348

681

Rep.

682

1307

683–685

Rep.

685a

1537

686(a)

1535

686(b)

1536

686(c)

1535

686–1

1535

686–2

3324

686a

Rep.

686b(a), (b), (c) (related to 31:686, 686b)

1535

686b(c) (related to 31:686)

1536

686c to 688

Rep.

689

T. 40 § 166a–1 (See T. 2 § 1861)

690

Rep.

691

1346

692

T. 43 § 1470

693

T. 43 § 1471

693a

T. 28 § 524

694, 695

Rep.

696

1347

697

1533

698

T. 32 § 107

698a

T. 37 § 1012

699

T. 42 § 2459a

699a

1309

699b

T. 5 § 3101 note

700

T. 10 § 1584 note

700a, 700b

Elim.

700c

Rep.

700d

T. 38 § 203

701(a), (b)

1552

701(c) (1st sentence)

1551

701(c) (last sentence), (d)

1552

702

1553

703(a)

1554

703(b)

1556

704

Rep.

705

1552

706

1555

707

1551

708

1557

711(1)–(3)

1305

711(4)–(11)

Rep.

711(11a)–(23)

1305

712

Rep.

712a

1502

712b to 716

Rep.

717, 718

1301

719, 720

Rep.

721

1310

722

T. 2 § 30

723, 723a

T. 10 § 2661a

724

1306

724a (1st sentence)

1304

724a (last sentence)

T. 39 § 409

725

Rep.

725a to 725d

Elim.

725e

Rep.

725f

Elim.

725g

Rep.

725h

T. 24 § 21b

725i to 725k

Rep.

725l, 725m

Elim.

725n, 725o

Rep.

725p(a) (last sentence)

331

725p (less (a) (last sentence))

Rep.

725p note

1322

725p–1

1322

725q(a) (last sentence)

331

725q (less (a) (last sentence))

Rep.

725q–1

1322

725q–1a

1324

725q–2

T. 18 § 3150a

725r

1323

725s (less (a) (last sentence last proviso))

1321

725s(a) (last sentence last proviso)

1322

725s–1

T. 25 § 385a

725s–2

T. 25 § 385b

725s–3

T. 25 § 385c

725s–4

T. 18 § 4043

725t, 725u

Rep.

725v(a)

Rep.

725v(b) (related to marshals)

T. 28 § 572a

725v(b) (related to clerks)

T. 28 § 2043

725w

1503

725x to 725z

Rep.

731–733 (words before semicolon)

3123

733 (words after semicolon), 734

5116

734a to 738

Rep.

738a

3125

739

3121

740

3127

741

Rep.

741a

324

742, 742a

3124

743–751

Rep.

752 (1st–4th pars. less 2d par. form of bonds)

3102

752 (2d par. related to form of bonds)

3121

752 (last par.)

3107

752a

Rep.

753(a) (less form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills)

3103

753(a) (related to form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills)

3121

753(b)

Rep.

753(c)

3103

753(d) (1st sentence)

3108

753(d) (2d sentence)

3123

753(d) (last sentence related to 31:771)

3122

753(d) (last sentence less related to 31:771)

3129

754(a) (less form of certificates of indebtedness and Treasury bills, finality)

3104

754(a) (related to form of certificates of indebtedness and Treasury bills, finality)

3121

754(b)

Rep.

754(c)

T. 12 § 221

754(d)

Rep.

754a

3111

754b

3121

755–757

Rep.

757a

(See former 405b)

757b, 757b–1

3101

757b–2

Rep.

757c(a)–(d) (1st sentence)

3105

757c(d) (last sentence)

3108

757c(e)

3129

757c(f), (g)

Rep.

757c(h)

3105

757c(i) (1st–6th sentences)

3126

757c(i) (last sentence)

331

757c(j)

3105

757c–1

Rep.

757c–2(a)–(c) (1st sentence)

3106

757c–2(c) (last sentence)

3108

757c–2(d)

3106

757c–3

3109

757c–4, 757c–5

3121

757d

3128

757e

3113

757f

331

758

3108

759–761

3129

761a to 765

Rep.

766

3123

767

3112

767a

Rep.

767b

3112

768 (words before semicolon)

3123

768 (words after semicolon)

3121

769, 770

Rep.

771, 772

3122

772a

3121

773

Rep.

773a–773d

5118

774

Rep.

801–804

3110

804a to 809

Rep.

821

5301

822

5304

822a(a)–(c)

5302

822a(d)

325

822b

5117, 5119, 5304

823, 824

Rep.

841

Rep.

846

9101

847, 848

9103

849

9104

850

9105

851

9106

852

9109

856

9101

857

9105

858

9106

859

1105

866

9105

867

9107

868 (less (d) (1st sentence related to 31:867))

9108

868(d) (1st sentence related to 31:867)

9107

869(a)

9102

869(b)

Rep.

870

9107

871

Rep.

901–904

3113

911

5119

912, 913

Rep.

914–917

5119

931–937

Rep.

938

5303

951

3701

952(a)–(d)(3)

3711

952(d)(4)

3701

952(e)(1) (1st to 3d sentences)

3717

952(e)(1) (last sentence)

3701

952(e)(2)–(7)

3717

952(e)(8)

3701

952(f)

3718

952 note

3711

953

3711 note

954(a)–(d)

3716

954(e)

3701

955

3719

971–973

Rep.

1001

301

1002 (less words between 4th and 5th semicolons)

321

1002 (words between 4th and 5th semicolons)

331

1003

329

1004–1005a

301

1006, 1007

301

1008

Rep.

1009

301

1010 (related to seal)

301

1010 (related to books, papers, and records)

Rep.

1011

321

1012, 1013

Rep.

1014

328

1015

Rep.

1016

309

1017

321

1018

329

1019

Rep.

1020

1102

1020–1, 1020a

Rep.

1021, 1022

Rep.

1023(a)

321

1023(b)

3302

1023(c)

T. 18 § 3059

1024

321

1025

Rep.

1026

330

1027

331

1028

Rep.

1029, 1030

331

1031, 1032

326

1033

322

1034

T. 21 § 967

1035

T. 21 § 968

1036

T. 21 § 969

1037

T. 26 § 7802

1038

323

1051

5311

1052(a)–(i)

5312

1052(j)

5319

1052(k)

Rep.

1052(l)

5312

1053

321

1054(a), (b) (1st sentence)

5318

1054(b) (last sentence related to civil penalties)

5321

1054(b) (last sentence related to criminal penalties)

5322

1055

5318

1056

5321

1057

5320

1058, 1059

5322

1060

Rep.

1061

5319

1062

Rep.

1081–1083

5313

1101

5316

1102

5317

1103, 1104

5321

1105

5317

1121, 1122

5314

1141, 1142

5315

1143(a)

5321

1143(b) (words before last comma)

5320

1143(b) (words after last comma)

5321

1151, 1152(a), (b)

1112

1152(c)–(f)

1113

1153(a)–(c)

1113

1153(d)

1112

1154(a)–(c)

717

1154(d) (1st sentence)

702

1154(d) (last sentence)

731

1154(e)

719

1155(a)

702

1155(b)

719

1156

Rep.

1157

717, 719, 720, 1112

1171–1174

719

1175(a)

734

1175(b)

719

1175(c)

734

1176

720

1201

9302

1202

3530

1203, 1204

Rep.

1221

6702

1222, 1223

Rep.

1224(a)(1), (2) (related to trustee)

6703

1224(a)(2) (related to report)

6724

1224(b)

Rep.

1224(c), (d), (e)

6703

1225(a), (b)

6707

1225(c)

Rep.

1226(a)(1)(A)

6705

1226(a)(1)(B)

6707

1226(a)(2)

6705

1226(b)

6706

1226(c)

Rep.

1227(a), (b)(1)

6708

1227(b)(2), (3)

6709

1227(b)(4)

6708

1227(b)(5)

6709

1227(b)(6), (7)

6712

1227(c)

6711

1227(d)

6701

1227(e)

6710

1228(a)(1)

6713

1228(a)(2)

6707

1228(a)(3)

6701

1228(a)(4)

6707

1228(a)(5)

6702

1228(a)(6)

6712

1228(a)(7)

6713

1228(b)

6707

1228(c)(1)

6707

1228(c)(2)(A)

6701

1228(c)(2)(B)

6707

1228(d)

6708

1228(e)

6709

1228(f)(1)

6707

1228(f)(2)

6708

1228(f)(3), (last sentence)

6709

1228(g)

6707

1228(h)

6713

1241(a)

6724

1241(b), (c)

6714

1241(d)

6724

1241(e)

6714, 6724

1241(f)

6724

1241(g)

6714

1242(a)

6716

1242(b)(1)–(3)(B) (1st sentence)

6717

1242(b)(3)(B) (2d sentence)

6718

1242(b)(3)(B) (last sentence)

6717

1242(b)(3)(C)

6718

1242(b)(3)(D), (E)

6717

1242(c)(1)

6701

1242(c)(2), (3) (related to proceedings)

6717

1242(c)(3) (related to suspensions and terminations)

6718

1242(c)(4)

6701

1242(d)

6719

1242(e), (f)

6718

1242(g)

6720

1242(h)

6716

1243(a), (b)

6704

1243(c)

6723

1243(d)

6715

1243 note

7301–7305

1244

6721

1245

6723

1261(a)

6703, 6724

1261(b)(1)–(7)

Rep.

1261(b)(8)

6701

1261(c)

6701

1262(a)

321

1262(b)

Rep.

1263

6722

1264

6713

1265

Rep.

1301

T. 2 § 621

1302

T. 2 § 622

1303

T. 2 § 623

1321

T. 2 § 631

1322

T. 2 § 632

1323

T. 2 § 633

1324

T. 2 § 634

1325

T. 2 § 635

1326

T. 2 § 636

1327

T. 2 § 637

1328

T. 2 § 638

1329

T. 2 § 639

1330

T. 2 § 640

1331

T. 2 § 641

1332

T. 2 § 642

1351

T. 2 § 651

1352

T. 2 § 652

1353

T. 2 § 653

1400

T. 2 § 681

1401

T. 2 § 682

1402

T. 2 § 683

1403

T. 2 § 684

1404

T. 2 § 685

1405

T. 2 § 686

1406

T. 2 § 687

1407

T. 2 § 688

1501–1510

Rep.

1521–1531

Elim.

1601

6902

1602

6903

1603

6904

1604

6903

1605

6902

1606

6901

1607

6906

1701

6101

1702

Rep.

1703

6102

1704(a)–(c)

6103

1704(d), (e)

6102

1705

6104

1706

Rep.

1707

6105

1801(a)(1)

3902

1801(a)(2)

3903

1801(b)–(d)

3902

1802

3904

1803

3906

1804

3905

1805–1806

3901

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Enacting Clause

Pub. L. 97–258, § 1, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877, provided in part that:

“Certain general and permanent laws of the United States, related to money and finance, are revised, codified, and enacted as title 31, United States Code, ‘Money and Finance’… .”
Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(a), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“Sections 1–3 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before April 16, 1982, that were replaced by those sections. Those sections may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after April 15, 1982, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.”
References to Other Laws

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“A reference to a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.”
Outstanding Orders, Rules, and Regulations

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(c), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.”
Savings Provision

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(d), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.”
Legislative Construction

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(e), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of the caption or catchline of the provision.”
Severability

Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(f), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, provided that:

“If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications.”
Repeals

Pub. L. 98–216, § 6(a), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7, provided that:

“The repeal of a law enacted by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal.”

Pub. L. 98–216, § 6(b), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7, repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Feb. 14, 1984.

Pub. L. 97–452, § 4(a), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2479, provided that:

“The repeal of a law enacted by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal.”

Pub. L. 97–452, § 4(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2480, repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Jan. 12, 1983.

Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(a), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068, provided that:

“The repeal of a law by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal.”

Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068, repealed the sections or parts thereof of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large codified in this title, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Sept. 13, 1982.

Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 98–216; Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Separability of Provisions

Pub. L. 98–216, § 5, Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7, provided that:

“(a)
Sections 1–4 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before April 1, 1983, that were replaced by those sections. Sections 1–4 may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after March 31, 1983, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.
“(b)
A reference to a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.
“(c)
An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.
“(d)
An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.
“(e)
An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of the caption or catchline of the provision.
“(f)
If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications.”
Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 97–452; Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Separability of Provisions

Pub. L. 97–452, § 3, Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2479, provided that:

“(a)
Sections 1 and 2 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before December 1, 1982, that were replaced by those sections. Sections 1 and 2 may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after November 30, 1982, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.
“(b)
A reference to a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.
“(c)
An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.
“(d)
An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.
“(e)
An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of the caption or catchline of the provision.
“(f)
If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications.”