Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell was a set of policies, laws, and regulations governing how the U.S. military dealt with gay, lesbian, and bisexual service members. Previously, under 10 U.S.C. § 654, homosexual members of the armed forces would be separated from other members if that member engaged in homosexual acts, or stated that they were homosexual, or attempted to marry another person of the same sex.
In Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, were not citizens of the United States, and therefore did not have the right to sue in federal court. In holding, the Court also ruled that the federal government could not prohibit slavery in the territories.
“Driving while Black” (DWB) is a slang term used to refer to the racial profiling of Black motor vehicle drivers by police. It implies that a motorist may be stopped by a police officer largely because of racial bias rather than any apparent violation of traffic law.
EEOC refers to the abbreviation for the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission, a federal agency created by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, responsible for enforcement and interpretation of federal laws proscribing discrimination against individuals in the employment context.
Electronic surveillance is the use of electronic, mechanical, or other devices to collect the contents of wire or electronic communications in situations where at least one party has a reasonable expectation of privacy
Employment discrimination laws seek to prevent discrimination based on race, sex, sexual orientation, religion, national origin, physical disability, and age by employers.
Enabling clauses are clauses or provisions in a statute or constitution that gives government officials the authority to put the law into effect and to enforce it.
Entrapment is an affirmative defense where a defendant claims that law enforcement or a state agent induced them to commit a criminal act they otherwise would not have committed.
