The informed consent doctrine is a legal principle that holds healthcare providers accountable for ensuring that their patients are fully informed about any medical procedures or treatments before they agree to them. The idea behind this...
commercial activities
infringement
An infringement is a violation, a breach, or an unauthorized act. Infringement occurs in various situations. A harm to one’s right is an infringement. A violation of a statute is also an infringement. In a commercial contract, an...
infringement (of copyright)
Generally, an infringement refers to the act of unlawful copying of material under intellectual property law. It is an act that interferes with the right of intellectual property ownership.
In a copyright infringement matter...
inherent authority
Inherent authority refers to an agent's power to act on behalf of a principal, even though that power has not been specifically or implicitly granted by the principal. This type of authority arises only in situations where it is necessary for...
initial public offering (IPO)
An initial public offering (IPO) is when a private company publicly offers securities for the first time.
OverviewPrior to conducting an IPO, a company is considered private, meaning it does not need to disclose...
inlining
Inlining is a legally and ethically questionable method of displaying a file, usually an image, from one website onto another website without permission. Inlining operates by a website owner linking onto their website the file address from...
insider trading
Insider trading is the trading of a company’s securities by individuals with access to confidential or material non-public information about the company. Taking advantage of this privileged access is considered a breach of the individual’s...
instance and expense test
The instance-and-expense test is a legal standard commonly employed by courts to determine whether a product was a work made for hire. Work done by employees within the scope of their employment will generally be deemed made for hire. However...
institutional investor
An institutional investor is an entity that manages their clients’ investments. Investment banks, insurance companies, and mutual funds are examples of institutional investors.
Institutional investors may be able to...
instrument
An instrument is a written legal document that records the formal execution of legally enforceable acts or agreements, and secures their associated legal rights, obligations, and duties. Contracts, wills, promissory notes, deeds,...