criminal law and procedure

A prisoner is someone being held in confinement. 

Overview

Federal and state laws govern the establishment and administration of prisons as well as the rights of those who are incarcerated. Although prisoners do not have full constitutional rights, they are protected by the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. This protection also requires that prisoners be afforded a minimum standard of living. For example, in Brown v.

In the law of evidence, certain communications are considered privileged, and are protected from disclosure.

Probable cause is a requirement under the Fourth Amendment that must generally be satisfied before police may make an arrest, conduct a search, or obtain a warrant.

• Fourth Amendment
• U.S. CONSTITUTION
• constitution
• PRIVACY RIGHTS
• data privacy

Probation is a criminal sentence that allows a convicted defendant to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in jail or 

Probative value is the probability of evidence to reach its proof purpose of a relevant fact in issue. It is one of the main elements of admitting evidence, as the admitted evidence must be relevant, tending to make the fact in issue more likely or less likely to happen, no matter how slight its probability is.

The U.S. Constitution requires that federal and state governments abide by certain procedures to protect the essential interests of all people within the United States. The Fifth and the Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S.

• criminal procedure
• PROCEDURAL DUE PROCESS
• due process
• Fifth Amendment
• Fourteenth Amendment

A proffer is a mechanism to offer or present evidence at trial for immediate acceptance or rejection. In State v.

• lawsuits-court
• criminal law

To prove means to establish a disputed claim as true by evidence or reasoning.

Prudence refers to the exercise of sound judgment, careful management, and reasonable conduct under the circumstances, evaluated according to what was known or reasonably should have been known at the time a decision or action occurred.