§ 2-800. How to Cite Articles and Other Law Journal Writing

The relevant citation principles follow; section 3-800 provides both basic examples and further samples from a diversity of major U.S. law journals.

§ 2-810. Journal Article Citations – Most Common Form ^[BB|ALWD]

Principle: The components of a journal article citation are, in order:

§ 2-810(a) Examples Window (restore)

Element (a) -The full name of the contributing author followed by a comma

• Works by more than two authors are cited using the first author's name and "et al." unless the inclusion of the other authors' names is significant.
• Works by two authors are cited using both names separated by "&" «e.g.».
• Middle names are NOT reduced to initials unless that is how they appear in the original work «e.g.».

§ 2-810(b) Examples Window (restore)

Element (b) - The article title in full (italicized or underlined) followed by a comma, with all words other than prepositions and conjunctions begun with a capital letter «e.g.»

§ 2-810(c) Examples Window (restore)

Element (c) - The volume number «e.g.»

• If the journal has no separate volume number but is paginated consecutively through a year's issues use the year as the volume number «e.g.».

§ 2-810(d) Examples Window (restore)

Element (d) - The journal name (abbreviated) «e.g.»

§ 2-810(e) Examples Window (restore)

Element (e) - The page number(s)

• The first page of the article always appears «e.g.».
• If the citation is to a portion of the article, those pages should be listed as well, set off from the first page with a comma «e.g.».

§ 2-810(f) Examples Window (restore)

Element (f) - The year of publication in parentheses (unless it is contained in the volume number) «e.g.»

§ 2-820. Journal Article Citations – Variants and Special Cases ^[BB|ALWD]

Journal material other than articles by contributing authors is cited in similar form with the following differences of detail:

§ 2-820(1) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 1 – Student Writing by a Named Student:

• The category or type of piece is added after author's name (set off by commas) «e.g.».
• The piece is identified only by category if there is no title or only a long digest-like heading «e.g.».
  ¡But see § 2-825(1)!

§ 2-820(2) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 2 – Unsigned Student Writing:

• The category or type of piece is indicated where author's name would appear «e.g.».
• The piece is identified only by category if there is no title or only a long digest-like heading «e.g.».
  ¡But see § 2-825(1)!

§ 2-820(3) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 3 – Book Reviews:

• If the review is by an author who is not student editor, the core citation is followed by a parenthetical simply identifying the piece as a book review or indicating the work reviewed «e.g.».
• If the review by a student editor, it is cited like other student journal writing and given the category "Book Note" «e.g.».
  ¡But see § 2-825(1)!

§ 2-820(4) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 4 – Symposia and the Like:

• Articles that are part of a symposium or survey are cited independently unless the name of the symposium must be added to the title of the article for its scope to be clear.
• If the symposium or survey is cited as a unit, include the appropriate category label before the title of the unit unless the title already includes the term «e.g.».

§ 2-820(5) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 5 – Tributes, Dedications and Other Specially Labeled Articles:

• With articles carrying a designation like "Tribute," "Dedication," or "Commentary," that label should be added after author's name (set off by commas) «e.g.».
• If there is no named author, the designation is indicated where the author's name would appear «e.g.».

§ 2-820(6) Examples Window (restore)

Special Case 6 – Articles in Journals with Separate Pagination in Each Issue:

• With articles appearing in journals that have separate, nonconsecutive pagination in each issue or in special issues that are separately paginated, the volume number is not indicated, but the issue is identified by the date, as it appears on the cover, set off by commas, following the journal name «e.g.».
• Page numbers, preceded by the word "at," follow the issue date «e.g.».

§ 2-825. Journal Article Citations – Points of Difference in Citation Practice

§ 2-825 Examples Window (restore)

Point 1: Instead of distinguishing student writing by following the author's name with a specific category or type label such as "Note" the ALWD Citation Manual calls for use of the generic label "Student Author" «e.g.».

Point 2: The ALWD Citation Manual does not call for the inclusion of an article's special designation in its citation «e.g.».

Point 3: With separately paginated issues, the ALWD Citation Manual does not leave off the volume number or move the page number to a different location, but identifies the issue by the date or number appearing on the cover, in the concluding parenthesis «e.g.». (It also abbreviates the American Bar Association as "ABA" rather than "A.B.A.")