1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–132 inserted “or conspires” after “attempts”.

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–322 inserted before period at end “and, if the death of any person results, shall be punished by death or life imprisonment”.

1988—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–690 substituted “(c) As” for “(C) As”.

Section 2003 of part A (§§ 2001–2003) of chapter XX of title II of Pub. L. 98–473 provided that: “This part and the amendments made by this part [enacting this section and provisions set out as a note under section 1201 of this title] shall take effect on the later of—

“(1) the date of the enactment of this joint resolution [Oct. 12, 1984]; or

“(2) the date the International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages has come into force and the United States has become a party to that convention [the convention entered into force June 6, 1983; and entered into force for the United States Jan. 6, 1985].”