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26 USC § 1351 - Treatment of recoveries of foreign expropriation losses
(a)
Election
(1)
In general
This section shall apply only to a recovery, by a domestic corporation subject to the tax imposed by section 11 or 801, of a foreign expropriation loss sustained by such corporation and only if such corporation was subject to the tax imposed by section
11 or
801, as the case may be, for the year of the loss and elects to have the provisions of this section apply with respect to such loss.
(b)
Definition of foreign expropriation loss
For purposes of this section, the term “foreign expropriation loss” means any loss sustained by reason of the expropriation, intervention, seizure, or similar taking of property by the government of any foreign country, any political subdivision thereof, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a debt which becomes worthless shall, to the extent of any deduction allowed under section
166
(a), be treated as a loss.
(c)
Amount of recovery
(1)
General rule
The amount of any recovery of a foreign expropriation loss is the amount of money and the fair market value of other property received in respect of such loss, determined as of the date of receipt.
(2)
Special rule for life insurance companies
The amount of any recovery of a foreign expropriation loss includes, in the case of a life insurance company, the amount of decrease of any item taken into account under section
807
(c), to the extent such decrease is attributable to the release, by reason of such loss, of its liabilities with respect to such item.
(d)
Adjustment for prior tax benefits
(1)
In general
That part of the amount of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies which, when added to the aggregate of the amounts of previous recoveries with respect to such loss, does not exceed the allowable deductions in prior taxable years on account of such loss shall be excluded from gross income for the taxable year of the recovery for purposes of computing the tax under this subtitle; but there shall be added to, and assessed and collected as a part of, the tax under this subtitle for such taxable year an amount equal to the total increase in the tax under this subtitle for all taxable years which would result by decreasing, in an amount equal to such part of the recovery so excluded, the deductions allowable in the prior taxable years on account of such loss. For purposes of this paragraph, if the loss to which the recovery relates was taken into account as a loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset, the amount of the loss shall be treated as an allowable deduction even though there were no gains against which to allow such loss.
(2)
Computation
The increase in the tax for each taxable year referred to in paragraph (1) shall be computed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. Such regulations shall give effect to previous recoveries of any kind (including recoveries described in section
111, relating to recovery of tax benefit items) with respect to any prior taxable year, but shall otherwise treat the tax previously determined for any taxable year in accordance with the principles set forth in section
1314
(a) (relating to correction of errors). Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3), all credits allowable against the tax for any taxable year, and all carryovers and carrybacks affected by so decreasing the allowable deductions, shall be taken into account in computing the increase in the tax.
(e)
Gain on recovery
That part of the amount of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies which is not excluded from gross income under subsection (d)(1) shall be considered for the taxable year of the recovery as gain on the involuntary conversion of property as a result of its destruction or seizure and shall be recognized or not recognized as provided in section
1033.
(f)
Basis of recovered property
The basis of property (other than money) received as a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies shall be an amount equal to its fair market value on the date of receipt, reduced by such part of the gain under subsection (e) which is not recognized as provided in section
1033.
(g)
Restoration of value of investments
For purposes of this section, if the value of any interest in, or with respect to, property (including any interest represented by a security, as defined in section
165
(g)(2))—
(1)
which became worthless by reason of the expropriation, intervention, seizure, or similar taking of such property by the government of any foreign country, any political subdivision thereof, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing, and
(2)
which was taken into account as a loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset or with respect to which a deduction for a loss was allowed under section
165 or a deduction for a bad debt was allowed under section
166,
is restored in whole or in part by reason of any recovery of money or other property in respect of the property which became worthless, the value so restored shall be treated as property received as a recovery in respect of such loss or such bad debt.
(i)
Adjustments for succeeding years
For purposes of this subtitle, proper adjustment shall be made, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, in—
(3)
the net operating loss deduction under section
172, or the operations loss deduction under section
810,
for the taxable year of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies, and for succeeding taxable years, to take into account items changed in making the computations under subsection (d) for taxable years prior to the taxable year of such recovery.
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(a)
Election
(1)
In general
This section shall apply only to a recovery, by a domestic corporation subject to the tax imposed by section 11 or 801, of a foreign expropriation loss sustained by such corporation and only if such corporation was subject to the tax imposed by section
11 or
801, as the case may be, for the year of the loss and elects to have the provisions of this section apply with respect to such loss.
(b)
Definition of foreign expropriation loss
For purposes of this section, the term “foreign expropriation loss” means any loss sustained by reason of the expropriation, intervention, seizure, or similar taking of property by the government of any foreign country, any political subdivision thereof, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a debt which becomes worthless shall, to the extent of any deduction allowed under section
166
(a), be treated as a loss.
(c)
Amount of recovery
(1)
General rule
The amount of any recovery of a foreign expropriation loss is the amount of money and the fair market value of other property received in respect of such loss, determined as of the date of receipt.
(2)
Special rule for life insurance companies
The amount of any recovery of a foreign expropriation loss includes, in the case of a life insurance company, the amount of decrease of any item taken into account under section
807
(c), to the extent such decrease is attributable to the release, by reason of such loss, of its liabilities with respect to such item.
(d)
Adjustment for prior tax benefits
(1)
In general
That part of the amount of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies which, when added to the aggregate of the amounts of previous recoveries with respect to such loss, does not exceed the allowable deductions in prior taxable years on account of such loss shall be excluded from gross income for the taxable year of the recovery for purposes of computing the tax under this subtitle; but there shall be added to, and assessed and collected as a part of, the tax under this subtitle for such taxable year an amount equal to the total increase in the tax under this subtitle for all taxable years which would result by decreasing, in an amount equal to such part of the recovery so excluded, the deductions allowable in the prior taxable years on account of such loss. For purposes of this paragraph, if the loss to which the recovery relates was taken into account as a loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset, the amount of the loss shall be treated as an allowable deduction even though there were no gains against which to allow such loss.
(2)
Computation
The increase in the tax for each taxable year referred to in paragraph (1) shall be computed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. Such regulations shall give effect to previous recoveries of any kind (including recoveries described in section
111, relating to recovery of tax benefit items) with respect to any prior taxable year, but shall otherwise treat the tax previously determined for any taxable year in accordance with the principles set forth in section
1314
(a) (relating to correction of errors). Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3), all credits allowable against the tax for any taxable year, and all carryovers and carrybacks affected by so decreasing the allowable deductions, shall be taken into account in computing the increase in the tax.
(e)
Gain on recovery
That part of the amount of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies which is not excluded from gross income under subsection (d)(1) shall be considered for the taxable year of the recovery as gain on the involuntary conversion of property as a result of its destruction or seizure and shall be recognized or not recognized as provided in section
1033.
(f)
Basis of recovered property
The basis of property (other than money) received as a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies shall be an amount equal to its fair market value on the date of receipt, reduced by such part of the gain under subsection (e) which is not recognized as provided in section
1033.
(g)
Restoration of value of investments
For purposes of this section, if the value of any interest in, or with respect to, property (including any interest represented by a security, as defined in section
165
(g)(2))—
(1)
which became worthless by reason of the expropriation, intervention, seizure, or similar taking of such property by the government of any foreign country, any political subdivision thereof, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing, and
(2)
which was taken into account as a loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset or with respect to which a deduction for a loss was allowed under section
165 or a deduction for a bad debt was allowed under section
166,
is restored in whole or in part by reason of any recovery of money or other property in respect of the property which became worthless, the value so restored shall be treated as property received as a recovery in respect of such loss or such bad debt.
(i)
Adjustments for succeeding years
For purposes of this subtitle, proper adjustment shall be made, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, in—
(3)
the net operating loss deduction under section
172, or the operations loss deduction under section
810,
for the taxable year of a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies, and for succeeding taxable years, to take into account items changed in making the computations under subsection (d) for taxable years prior to the taxable year of such recovery.
Source
(Added Pub. L. 89–384, § 1(a),Apr. 8, 1966, 80 Stat. 99; amended Pub. L. 94–455, title X, § 1031(b)(3), title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(A),Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1623, 1834; Pub. L. 95–600, title III, § 301(b)(17),Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2823; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title I, § 42(a)(12), title II, § 211(b)(18), title IV, § 474(r)(25),July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 557, 756, 844; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1812(a)(4),Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2833.)
Amendments
1986—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 99–514substituted “relating to recovery of tax benefit items” for “relating to recovery of bad debts, etc.”.
1984—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(18)(A), substituted “801” for “802” in two places.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(18)(B), substituted “section
807
(c)” for “section
810
(c)”.
Subsec. (i)(2). Pub. L. 98–369, § 474(r)(25)(B), substituted “section
38 (relating to general business credit)” for “section
38 (relating to investment credit)”.
1978—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 95–600substituted “the rates of tax specified in section
11
(b)” for “the normal tax rate provided by section
11
(b) and the surtax rate provided by section
11
(c) which are in effect”.
1976—Subsecs. (a)(2), (d)(2). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.
Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1031(b)(3), struck out provisions relating to an election to have limitation provided by section
904
(a)(2) apply and to revocation of such an election previously made.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.
Effective Date of 1986 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–514effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1984, Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, to which such amendment relates, see section 1881 ofPub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section
48 of this title.
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by section 42(a)(12) ofPub. L. 98–369applicable to taxable years ending after July 18, 1984, see section 44 ofPub. L. 98–369, set out as an Effective Date note under section
1271 of this title.
Amendment by section 211(b)(18) ofPub. L. 98–369applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, see section 215 ofPub. L. 98–369, set out as an Effective Date note under section
801 of this title.
Amendment by section 474(r)(25) ofPub. L. 98–369applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, and to carrybacks from such years, see section 475(a) ofPub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section
21 of this title.
Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–600applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1978, see section 301(c) ofPub. L. 95–600, set out as a note under section
11 of this title.
Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
Amendment by section 1031(b)(3) ofPub. L. 94–455applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, with exceptions for certain mining operations, and for income from possessions, see section 1031(c) ofPub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section
904 of this title.
Effective Date
Section 2 ofPub. L. 89–384, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2,Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: “The amendments made by section
1 (except subsection (b)) [enacting this section and section
6167 of this title and amending sections
46,
901,
6503, and
6601 of this title] shall apply with respect to amounts received after December 31, 1964, in respect of foreign expropriation losses (as defined in section 1351(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] added by section
1
(a)) sustained after December 31, 1958.”
Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1989
For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and
1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1800–1899A] of Pub. L. 99–514require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see section 1140 ofPub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a note under section
401 of this title.
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Thursday, March 14, 2013
An empty table indicates that we see no relevant changes listed in the classification tables. If you suspect that our system may be missing something, please double-check with the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
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