conditions and
functional impairments.
services provide a set of comprehensive,
integrated, intensive outpatient services delivered by a multidisciplinary team
under the supervision of a psychiatrist, an advanced registered nurse
practitioner, or a physician assistant under the supervision of a psychiatrist.
An
program shall designate a staff member to be responsible for
administration of the program and with the authority to sign documents and
receive payments on behalf of the program.
a.
Regional coordination. Each
region shall designate at least
one
ACT provider and ensure that
ACT services are available to the residents of
the
region consistent with subrule 25.4(9). Regions may work collaboratively
with other regions when an
ACT team is serving more than one
region.
(1) Each region shall determine the number
and size of ACT teams needed to serve the ACT-eligible population in that
region.
(2) Each
region shall
verify that all
ACT programs operating in the
region have periodic fidelity
reviews consistent with evidence-based practice standards published by the
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Each
ACT
program shall have a fidelity review, including a peer review, on the following
schedule:
1. Within the first 12 months of
operation.
2. Annually during each
of the second and third years of operation.
3. Biennially thereafter for teams with
satisfactory fidelity reviews. Teams with unsatisfactory reviews shall be
reviewed again after one year.
Results of the ACT team fidelity reviews shall be included in
the region's annual report.
b.
ACT team composition.
Each
ACT team shall include a minimum of six members and must include a member
qualified to fill each of the eight following roles. One team member may fill
more than one role if all other qualifications are met.
(1) A psychiatrist, an advanced registered
nurse practitioner, or a physician assistant under the supervision of a
psychiatrist who is board-certified or eligible for board
certification.
(2) A team
leader.
(3) A registered
nurse.
(4) A mental health
professional.
(5) A substance abuse
treatment provider.
(6) A community
support specialist.
(7) A peer
support specialist.
(8) An
employment specialist.
c.
Staff qualifications. ACT team members shall meet the
following qualifications:
(1) Psychiatrist. A
psychiatrist on the team shall be a person who meets all of the following
criteria:
1. Is a doctor of medicine (M.D.)
or a doctor of osteopathy (D.O.).
2. Is licensed in Iowa pursuant to
653-Chapter 9.
3. Is certified or
is eligible to be certified as a psychiatrist by the American Board of Medical
Specialties' Board of Psychiatry and Neurology or by the American Osteopathic
Board of Neurology and Psychiatry.
4. Has experience working with persons with
severe and persistent mental illness.
5. Provides a minimum of 16 hours per week of
psychiatrist time for every 50 ACT clients.
(2) Advanced registered nurse practitioner.
An advanced registered nurse practitioner on the team shall be a person who
meets all of the following criteria:
1. Is
licensed pursuant to 655-Chapter 7.
2. Has a mental health
certification.
3. Has experience
working with persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
4. Provides a minimum of 16 hours per week of
advanced registered nurse practitioner time for every 50 ACT clients.
(3) Physician assistant. A
physician assistant on the team shall be a person who meets all of the
following criteria:
1. Is licensed pursuant to
645-Chapter 326.
2. Has experience
working with persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
3. Is practicing under the supervision of a
psychiatrist who is board-certified or eligible for board
certification.
4. Provides a
minimum of 16 hours per week of physician assistant time for every 50 ACT
clients.
(4) Team leader.
A team leader shall be a person on the team who meets all of the following
criteria:
1. Has a master's degree in a mental
health field, including but not limited to nursing, social work, mental health
counseling, psychiatric rehabilitation, or psychology.
2. Is actively involved in direct contact
with individuals being served by the team.
3. Is a full-time staff member whose
responsibilities are limited to the ACT team and who serves as the clinical and
administrative supervisor of the team.
(5) Registered nurse. A registered nurse on
the team shall be a person who meets all of the following criteria:
1. Is licensed as a registered nurse pursuant
to 655-Chapter 3.
2. Has experience
working with persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
(6) Mental health professional. A
mental health professional on the team shall be a person who meets all of the
following criteria:
1. Is a mental health
counselor or marital and family therapist licensed pursuant to 645-Chapter 31;
a social worker licensed as a master or independent social worker pursuant to
645-Chapter 280; or an occupational therapist licensed pursuant to 645-Chapter
206.
2. Has experience working with
persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
(7) Substance abuse treatment professional. A
substance abuse treatment professional on the team shall be a person who meets
all of the following criteria:
1. Is an
appropriately credentialed counselor pursuant to 641-subparagraph
155.21(8)"b"(1).
2. Has at least three years of experience
working with persons with substance use disorders.
(8) Community support specialist. A
community
support specialist on the team shall be a person who meets all of the following
criteria:
1. Has a bachelor's degree with at
least 30 semester hours or equivalent quarter hours in a human services field,
including but not limited to sociology, social work, counseling, psychology, or
human services.
2. Has experience
working with persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
(9) Peer support specialist. A
peer support specialist on the team shall be a person who meets all of the
following criteria:
1. Has been diagnosed with
a severe and persistent mental illness.
2. Has met all requirements of the
Appalachian Consulting Group Peer Support Training Model by no later than six
months after the date of hire.
(10) Employment specialist. An employment
specialist on the team shall be a person who meets all of the following
criteria:
1. Has experience working with
persons with severe and persistent mental illness.
2. Meets one of the following:
* Has a bachelor's degree with at least 30 semester hours or
equivalent quarter hours in a human services field, including but not limited
to sociology, social work, counseling, or psychology, and completes at least 12
hours of employment services training within six months of the date of
hire.
* Has a high school diploma or equivalent, has at least one
year of specialized vocational training or supervised experience in vocational
and related services, including but not limited to supported employment, job
coaching, supported community living, or habilitation, and completes at least
12 hours of employment services training within six months of the date of
hire.
(11)
Psychologist. A psychologist on the team shall be a person who meets all of the
following criteria:
1. Is licensed pursuant to
645-Chapter 240.
2. Has experience
working with persons with a severe and persistent mental illness.
d.
ACT
provider standards. Organizations seeking regional designation as an
ACT provider shall meet the following criteria at initial application and
annually thereafter. A designated
ACT provider shall:
(1) Develop and maintain written ACT-specific
admission policies and procedures, including but not limited to a gradual rate
of admission and program eligibility requirements.
(2) Develop and maintain written
ACT-specific
discharge policies and procedures. Discharge criteria shall include but are not
limited to the following:
1. An individual
reaches individually established goals for discharge, and the individual and
program staff mutually agree to the termination of services; or
2. An individual requests discharge,
demonstrates the ability to function in all major role areas without ongoing
assistance from the program and without significant relapse when services are
withdrawn, and the program staff agree to the termination of services;
or
3. An individual moves outside
the geographic area of the team's responsibility. In such cases, the team shall
arrange for transfer of responsibility for mental health services to an ACT
program or another provider wherever the individual is relocating, and the team
shall maintain contact with the individual until the service transfer is
implemented; or
4. An individual
declines or refuses services and requests discharge despite the team's best
efforts to develop an acceptable treatment plan with the individual.
(3) Documentation of
discharges. Documentation shall include:
1.
The reason(s) for discharge as stated by both the individual and the
team.
2. A summary of the
individual's biopsychosocial status at the time of discharge.
3. A written final evaluation summary of the
individual's progress toward the goals in the treatment plan.
4. A plan developed in conjunction with the
individual for follow-up treatment after discharge.
5. The signature of each of the following:
* The individual, or documentation of why the individual's
signature was not obtained.
* The service coordinator.
* The team leader.
* The psychiatrist, advanced registered nurse practitioner,
or physician assistant under the supervision of a board-certified
psychiatrist.
e.
ACT team standards. All
designated
ACT teams shall:
(1) Participate
in all of the individual's mental health services.
(2) Ensure that services for the psychiatric
needs of the individual are available 24 hours a day.
(3) Develop a specific treatment plan based
on the assessment of needs and including goals and actions to address the
individual's medical, social, educational, and other needs.
(4) Make referrals to services and related
activities to assist the individual with the individual's assessed
needs.
(5) Monitor and perform
follow-up activities necessary to ensure that the treatment plan is carried out
and that the individual has access to necessary services. Activities may
include monitoring contacts with providers, family members, natural supports,
and others.
(6) Hold team meetings
at least four times a week to facilitate ACT services and briefly review the
status of the individual with other members of the team.
(7) Have the capacity to provide multiple
contacts a week with individuals experiencing severe symptoms, trying a new
medication, experiencing a health problem or serious life event, trying to go
back to school or starting a new job, making changes in a living situation or
employment, or having significant ongoing problems in daily living. All members
of the team share responsibility for addressing the needs of all individuals.
The number of team contacts per individual served shall average at least three
per week per individual when calculated across all individuals served by the
team. Contacts may be weekly, daily, or more frequent. The frequency of
contacts is determined by the needs of the individual.
(8) Have the capacity to rapidly increase
service intensity to an individual when the individual's status requires it or
the individual requests it.
(9)
Ensure that treatment, rehabilitation, and support activities are available 24
hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year, including nights, weekends, and
holidays. If there are insufficient numbers of staff to operate an after-hours
on-call system, staff shall provide crisis response during regular work hours
and arrange coverage for all other hours through a reliable crisis response
service.
(10) Provide no more than
20 percent of service contacts in office-based settings.
g.
Eligibility criteria for ACT services. To be eligible to
receive
ACT services, the
individual shall meet all of the following criteria:
(1) Is at least 17 years of age.
(2) Has a severe and persistent mental
illness or complex mental health symptomology. Individuals with a primary
diagnosis of substance use disorder, developmental disability, personality
disorder, or organic disorder are not eligible for ACT services.
(3) Is in need of a consistent team of
professionals and multiple mental health and support services to live
independently in the
community and reduce hospitalizations, as evidenced by one
or both of the following:
1. A pattern of
repeated treatment failures during the previous 12 months, including at least
two psychiatric hospitalizations or psychiatric care delivered at least twice
in an emergency department, at an access center, or by a mobile crisis team;
or
2. The need for multiple or
combined mental health and basic living supports to prevent the need for a more
intrusive level of care.
(4) Presents a reasonable likelihood that
ACT
services will lead to specific, observable improvements in the
individual's
functioning and assist the
individual in achieving or maintaining independent
community living. Specifically, the
individual:
1. Is medically stable;
2. Does not require a level of care that
includes more intensive medical monitoring;
3. Presents a low risk to self, others, or
property, with treatment and support; and
4. Lives independently in the community or
demonstrates a capacity and desire to live independently in the community.
h.
ACT
services. ACT teams shall provide the following services:
(1) Initial assessment and treatment
planning.
1. An assessment of the individual
shall be completed within 30 days of admission that includes psychiatric
history, medical history, educational history, employment, substance use,
problems with activities of daily living, social interests, and family
relationships.
2. An individualized
written treatment plan shall be developed based on the assessment. The
treatment plan shall identify the necessary psychiatric rehabilitation
treatment and support services, including all of the following:
* Treatment objectives and outcomes.
* The expected frequency and duration of each service.
* The location where the services will be provided.
* A crisis plan.
* The schedule for updates of the treatment plan.
(2) Evaluation and
medication management.
1. The evaluation
portion of ACT services consists of a comprehensive mental health evaluation
and assessment of the individual by a psychiatrist, advanced registered nurse
practitioner, or physician assistant.
2. Medication management consists of the
prescription and management of medication by a psychiatrist, advanced
registered nurse practitioner, or physician assistant in response to the
individual's complaints and symptoms. A psychiatric registered nurse assists in
this management by making contact with the individual regarding medications and
their effect on the individual's complaints and symptoms.
(3) Integrated therapy and counseling for
mental health and substance abuse. Integrated therapy and counseling consists
of direct counseling for treatment of mental health and substance abuse
symptoms by a psychiatrist, licensed mental health professional, advanced
registered nurse practitioner, physician assistant, or substance abuse
specialist. Individual counseling may be provided by other team members under
the supervision of a psychiatrist or licensed mental health
practitioner.
(4) Skill teaching.
Skill teaching consists of side-by-side demonstration and observation of daily
living activities by any team member.
(5) Community support.
Community support may
be provided by any team member and consists of the following activities focused
on recovery and rehabilitation:
1. Personal
and home skills training to assist the individual to develop and maintain
skills for selfdirection and coping with the living situation.
2. Community skills training to assist the
individual in maintaining a positive level of participation in the community
through development of socialization skills and personal coping
skills.
(6) Medication
monitoring. Medication monitoring services shall be provided by a psychiatric
nurse and other team members under the supervision of a psychiatrist or
psychiatric nurse and consists of:
1.
Monitoring the individual's day-to-day functioning, medication compliance, and
access to medications; and
2.
Ensuring that the individual keeps appointments.
(7) Case management for treatment and service
plan coordination.
Case management consists of the development of an
individualized treatment and service plan, including personalized goals and
outcomes, to address the
individual's medical symptoms and remedial functional
impairments.
Case management includes:
1.
Assessments, referrals, follow-up, and monitoring.
2. Assisting the individual in gaining access
to necessary medical, social, educational, and other services.
3. Assessing the individual to determine
service needs by collecting relevant historical information through records and
other information from relevant professionals and natural
supports.
(8) Crisis
response. Crisis response consists of direct assessment and treatment of the
individual's urgent or crisis symptoms in the community by any team member, as
appropriate.
(9) Work-related
services. Work-related services may be provided by any team member. Services
consist of assisting the
individual in managing mental health symptoms as they
relate to job performance and may include:
1.
Collaborating with the individual to look for job situations of the
individual's choice and creating strategies to manage situations that cause
symptoms to increase.
2. Assisting
the individual to develop or enhance skills to obtain a work placement, such as
individual work-related behavioral management.
3. Providing supports to maintain employment,
such as crisis intervention related to employment.
4. Teaching communication, problem-solving,
and safety skills.
5. Teaching
personal skills, such as time management and appropriate grooming for
employment.
(10) Peer
support services. Peer support services are provided by a peer support
specialist and include, but are not limited to, education and information,
individual advocacy, and crisis response.
(11) Support services. All team members are
responsible for providing support services. Services consist of assisting the
individual in obtaining the basic necessities of daily life, including but not
limited to:
1. Medical and dental
services.
2. Safe, clean, and
affordable housing.
3. Financial
support.
4. Benefits
counseling.
5. Social
services.
6.
Transportation.
7. Legal advocacy
and representation.
(12)
Education, support, and consultation to family members and other major supports
of individuals. All team members are responsible for providing education,
support, and consultation to family members and other major supports of
individuals with the agreement or consent of the
individual. Services include
but are not limited to:
1. Individualized
psychoeducation about the individual's illness and the role of the family and
other significant people in the therapeutic process.
2. Intervention to restore contact, resolve
conflicts, and maintain relationships with family or other significant people
or both.
3. Ongoing communication
and collaboration, face-to-face and by telephone, between the ACT team and the
family.
4. Introduction and
referral to family self-help programs and advocacy organizations that promote
recovery.
5. Assistance to obtain
necessary services for individuals with
children, including but not limited to:
* Individual supportive counseling.
* Parenting training.
* Service coordination.
* Services to help the individual throughout pregnancy and
the birth of a child.
* Services to help the individual fulfill parenting
responsibilities and coordinate services for the child or children.
* Services to help the individual restore relationships with
children who are not in the individual's custody.