Prior to any land application of solid waste not exempted in
121.5(455B) and 121.6(455B), a permit must be obtained by the waste generator
in accordance with the following requirements.
(1)
Solid wastes. The land
application of sludge other than from a publicly owned treatment works which
does not comply with 121.6(455B) shall:
a.
Submit plan requirements of 567-Chapter 102 for land application sites. In
addition all permit applications for land application shall include:
(1) A map and aerial photograph as required
in 567-subrule 102.12(3) that shall be of sufficient scale to show all homes,
buildings, lakes, ponds, watercourses, wetlands, dry runs, rock outcroppings,
roads and other applicable details including topography and drainage patterns.
All wells located within one mile of the site shall be identified on the map or
aerial photograph and a bench mark shall be indicated.
(2) A soil map.
(3) Evidence that the proposed plan has been
reviewed by the local soil conservation district commission and that the
technical assistance of the soil conservation district will be utilized to
facilitate compliance with wind and water soil loss limit regulations provided
for in Iowa Code sections
161A.42 to
161A.51.
(4) Total area of the site in acres and the
number of acres which are to be used for sludge disposal.
(5) Information on the depth, construction
and use of any wells located within one mile of the site.
(6) Soil loss limits applicable to the
site.
(7) Design soil loss levels
for the proposed site.
(8)
Estimated current soil loss levels.
(9) Cation exchange capacity, current
exchangeable cations, available potassium and phosphorus, total nitrogen, bulk
density and pH (normal and as modified) of site soils.
(10) Water table levels of the site,
including the frequency and duration of any expected high water table or
flooding.
(11) Information on the
source, quantity, and method of treatment of the sludge prior to
disposal.
(12) Results of sludge
analyses, including the following: total residue; volatile residue; pH; total
nitrogen
1;
NH
3-N
1;
NO
3-N
1; total phosphorus
1; potassium
1; the following metals
1: Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium
(Cr), Copper (Cu), Mercury (Hg), Molybdenum (Mo), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb),
Selenium (Se), Zinc (Zn); and such other tests as may be necessary to establish
the constituents and stability of the sludge.
The collection and preservation of samples shall be done by
the highest grade operator or the operator's designee at the plant producing
the sludge. This shall be done in a manner and frequency approved by the
department and intended to ensure that the sampling results are representative
of sludge being disposed.
All analyses shall be performed in accordance with the
methods described in "Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes," 1974
(US-EPA) or "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water,"
17th Edition, 1989. Alternate methods may be substituted only if acceptable to
the university hygienic laboratory and approved by the department.
(13) A detailed description of the
disposal process to be used, including: method of application and operation;
daily, annual and total loading of sludge and of all significant components of
the sludge identified in the analyses of 121.7(1)"a"(12);
periods of use (including duration and frequencies); crop and cropping practice
employed; and final use of site.
(14) Information specifying the equipment to
be used, its design capacities, degree of utilization and expected methods of
operation.
(15) Information
indicating that the proposed sludge disposal project will not result in
predictable uptake of contaminants by site vegetation to such a degree as to
make the site unsuitable for its intended uses.
This shall be supported by information as to the rate of
uptake and toxicity of any constituent in question, along with soil pH and
cation exchange capacities and any other data necessary to evaluate the
significance of contamination.
(16) Information indicating that the proposed
sludge disposal project will not result in predictable movement of significant
quantities of contaminants from the site to standing or flowing surface waters
or to shallow aquifers that are in actual use or are deemed to have potential
for use as water sources. Cation exchange capacities of site soils shall be
utilized to evaluate the potential for metal contamination.
(17) Information indicating that the portion
of the site to be utilized is outside a flood plain or shoreland, unless proper
engineering and protection of the site will render it acceptable and prior
approval of the department under Title V of these rules and, where necessary,
the U.S. corps of engineers, is obtained.
(18) Information indicating how the
operational requirements of 121.7(1)"c" and
"d" will be met.
b. Additional plan requirements for land
application sites. If site conditions, waste constituents, or proposed
operation procedures warrant, the department may require any of the following:
(1) A description of the material underlying
the proposed site, including stratigraphic sections based on a number of
borings adequate to accurately determine the geology of the proposed site,
unless the department agrees that an equivalent description may be obtained
without borings. Additional information, including additional borings, may be
required for any additional locations of specific concern to the department.
The stratigraphic sections shall be described from the
surface to a depth determined by the director to be necessary to evaluate the
suitability of the site for disposal of the specific waste.
Samples of sediments and rock units shall be collected at
5-foot intervals or when different genetic soil horizons are encountered,
whichever is more frequent, unless the department agrees the other data will
provide equivalent information. If samples are required, they shall be
identified by location and depth. The name of the person classifying the
sediments shall be indicated. At least one complete set of unaltered sack
samples shall be submitted with the application. A drilling location plan and
drilling log shall be submitted for each series of samples.
(2) A detailed description of each genetic
soil horizon in terms of clay mineralogy, bulk density, moisture holding
capacity, seasonal water table levels, particle size distribution, organic
matter content, pH, cation exchange capacity, drainage class total heavy metals
concentrations, current exchangeable cations, Atterberg limits and grain size
distribution (by means of laboratory sieve and hydrometer or pipette analysis)
unless the department agrees that other data will provide equivalent
information.
(3) The direction of
groundwater flow and the number, location, and depth of monitoring wells needed
to monitor the groundwater quality.
(4) Information indicating that the portion
of the site to be utilized is not situated in an unconsolidated sequence that
will permit leakage of a quantity of water of a quality reasonably likely to
have an adverse effect on the groundwater beneath or adjacent to the proposed
site. The potential leakage shall be evaluated by means of generalized Darcy's
Law:
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Q = cubic feet of liquid/day/square foot of area of the
interface.
A = one square foot of area.
P = coefficient of permeability in feet/day of the
unconsolidated confining unit above the high water table.
h2 = maximum final elevation of a
contiguous portion of till of the site.
h1 = lowest elevation of the bottom of
the confining unit above the high water table at the location being
elevated.
L = minimum thickness of the confining unit above the high
water table at the location being evaluated.
The potential leakage shall be evaluated at those points
where leakage could reasonably be expected, including the location of minimum
thickness of the confining unit, the lowest elevation of the site and such
other locations as seem reasonable.
(5) Engineering plans and reports detailing
how the site will be designed, constructed, and operated to protect ground and
surface water resources.
(6) Proof
of the applicant's ownership of the site or legal entitlement to use the site
for the disposal of sludge for the term of the permit for which application is
made. The applicant shall also designate who will be responsible for the
long-range monitoring and outline legal and financial arrangements for
this.
(7) Other information as
required by the department.
c. Operating requirements for land
application sites. All land application projects shall be operated in
conformance with 567-Chapter 102 and the following:
(1) The general public and livestock shall
not be given access to the disposal site during sludge disposal and for a
minimum of two months after sludge disposal operations have ceased, unless
specific permit conditions specify otherwise.
(2) Land application sites shall have the pH
of the surface horizon or plow layer adjusted to and maintained above 6.5,
unless specific permit conditions specify otherwise.
(3) Land application sites shall not be used
for sludge disposal during or immediately preceding expected: rains or other
occasions when runoff may result (unless subsurface injection methods are
utilized); high groundwater conditions; or flooding.
(4) Land application sites shall not be used
for sludge disposal when frozen or snow covered unless special precautions are
taken to avoid runoff.
(5) As
required by the department, groundwater monitoring wells and surface monitoring
points shall be installed and a monitoring program implemented. Samples must be
analyzed by a laboratory which is equipped and competent to perform the tests
required by the department. The results shall be forwarded to the department on
a stipulated schedule.
(6) In the
event significant leachate is detected, the department shall be so notified,
and the permit holder shall submit a plan for controlling and treating the
leachate. Upon approval of the plan by the department, it shall be immediately
implemented.
(7) Sampling and
analyses of the sludge shall be performed and submitted to the department
according to the schedule stipulated in the permit. Analyses shall include
tests as required to confirm the constituents of the sludge.
(8) Records of the site usage shall be
maintained, shall be submitted to the department on a stipulated schedule and
shall include: date of use; application area; application rate; quantity of
sludge applied; method and timeliness of incorporation; chemical analyses of
sludge being applied; and loading rates of significant components of sludge as
identified in the analyses of 121.7(1)"a"(12).
(9) Prior to completion of a site, or
suspension of operations at a site, the department shall be notified in
writing. As required by the department, engineering plans and reports shall be
submitted detailing deviations, if any, from the permitted final site
conditions. An inspection shall be made by the department before abandonment of
the site.
(10) Following closing of
the site, any monitoring program in effect shall be continued until the
integrity of the site is confirmed and any corrective measures which may be
necessary are implemented. This shall be detailed in annual reports submitted
to the department for the duration of the monitoring program.
(11) A copy of the plans and reports, as
amended or revised along with pertinent operations data, for any completed site
shall be filed with the county recorder and the location of the filled area
shall be recorded for abstract of title purposes. The recording may be made by
affidavit.
d. Additional
operating requirements for land application. If site conditions, waste
constituents, or proposed operating procedures warrant, the department may
require any of the following:
(1) Telephone or
other adequate communications facilities be available on the site;
(2) Sanitary facilities, personnel washing
facilities and potable water be available within a shelter on the
site;
(3) The site be fenced to
control access and a gate be provided at the entrance to the site and kept
locked when an attendant operator is not on duty;
(4) A copy of the permit, engineering plans,
and specifications be kept at the site at all times;
(5) Sites not open to the public have a
permanent sign posted at the site entrance specifying: name of the operation;
the site permit number; that the site is not open to the public; the owner's
name and telephone number.
(2)
Waste pesticides. Waste
pesticides may be land applied:
a. If a
determination is made by the department that the disposal method is the best
available disposal methodology;
b.
If the applicant submits an accepted permit plan. To be accepted all
applications for a permit shall include:
(1)
The name, address and telephone number of the owner of site where project will
be located, permit applicant, official responsible for operation of project,
and design engineer, if any.
If the waste generator is not the one seeking the permit then
the waste generator and a responsible official of the waste generator shall
also be listed.
(2) A legal
description of the site.
(3) A map
or aerial photograph locating the boundaries of the site and identifying, north
or other principal compass points, haul routes to and from the site with any
special load limits or other restrictions which may apply, land use, homes and
buildings within one-half mile, and section lines or other legal boundaries.
Note: Copies of current soil maps are satisfactory for this
required function.
(4) A
complete description of the waste including: brands, active ingredients,
solvents and carriers, the concentrations and quantities thereof, original use
made of the product, the date of use, duration and conditions of storage and
any other information which may relate to the effects to be expected from the
waste. The description of the waste shall include laboratory analysis as
required by the department.
(5) The
rate at which the product would normally be applied to the site given specified
cropping intentions, soil types, moisture levels, soil pH, organic matter
present, previous pesticide applications and any other relevant
information.
(6) The rate at which
the waste is to be applied to the site along with the reason for any
discrepancy from normal product application rates as described in (5), the
impacts to be expected and such information as necessary to show that adverse
impacts will not be significant.
(7) A description of the methods to be used
in disposing of the waste including any special provisions needed to ensure
intended application rates.
(8) A
description of methods to be used to avoid migration of the waste off the site
including control of airborne drift, leaching and transportation by
erosion.
(9) Other information as
required by the department.
c. Operating requirements.
(1) Records detailing the waste and the
proposed and actual application rates (along with any other information
required by the department) shall be maintained for a period (and submitted to
the department on a schedule) specified by the department.
(2) The department shall be informed
immediately of any divergence from the plan, the details of that divergence and
the impacts to be expected.
(3)
Other requirements of the department as specified in special provisions of the
permit.
(3)
Other
wastes. Specific criteria for the permitting of the land application
of waste not otherwise specified in this rule will be developed in the future.
Until promulgated, the criteria for the permitting of land application in
121.7(1) shall be used.
