(1) Paid preparer defined. For purposes of
this section, an
income tax return prepareris any person who
prepares for compensation, or who employs (or engages) one or more persons to
prepare for compensation, other than for such person/employer, all or a
substantial portion of any New York State income tax return (including any New
York State employer's return referred to in Part 174 of this Title) or claim
for refund required to be filed pursuant to article 22 of the Tax Law.
(i) Substantial portion.
(a) Only a person (or persons acting in
concert) who prepares all or a substantial portion of a New York State income
tax return or claim for refund will be considered to be a preparer (or
preparers) of such return or such claim for refund. A person who renders advice
which is directly relevant to the determination of the existence,
characterization or amount of an entry on a New York State income tax return or
claim for refund will be regarded as having prepared that entry, so long as
such person has actual knowledge that the taxpayer utilized the advice rendered
on the New York State income tax return or claim for refund. Whether a
schedule, entry or other portion of such return or such claim for refund is a
"substantial portion" is determined by comparing the length and complexity of,
and the tax liability or refund involved in, that portion to the length and
complexity of and tax liability or refund involved in, the New York State
income tax return or claim for refund as a whole.
(b) For purposes of applying the rule of
clause (
a) of this subparagraph, where the schedule, entry or
other portion of the New York State income tax return or claim for refund
involves amounts of gross income, amounts of deductions, amounts of
modifications or amounts on the basis of which credits are determined, which
are:
(1) less than $2,000; or
(2) less than $100,000, and also less than 20
percent of the gross income (or New York adjusted gross income if the taxpayer
is an individual) as shown on the New York State income tax return or claim for
refund, then the schedule or other portion is not considered to be a
substantial portion. Where more than one schedule, entry or other portion is
involved, they will be aggregated in applying the rule of this clause. Thus,
where a person prepares a schedule which totals $1,500 for an individual
taxpayer's New York State income tax return and also gives advice making such
person a preparer of another schedule which totals $1,500, such person is not a
preparer if the taxpayer's New York adjusted gross income shown on the New York
State income tax return is more than $15,000. This clause shall not apply to a
person who prepares all of a New York State income tax return or claim for
refund.
(c) A preparer
of a New York State income tax return is not considered to be a preparer of
another New York State income tax return merely because an entry or entries
reported on such New York State income tax return may affect an entry reported
on such other return, unless the preparer actually prepared a substantial
portion of both returns. For example, if a substantial portion of an individual
partner's New York State personal income tax return consists of an entry or
entries derived from a New York State partnership return, a preparer of the New
York State partnership return shall not be considered the preparer of the
individual partner's New York State personal income tax return, unless the
preparer of the New York State partnerships return actually prepares the
individual partner's New York State personal income tax return.
(ii) A person who furnishes to a
taxpayer or other preparer sufficient information and advice so that completion
of the New York State income tax return or claim for refund is largely a
mechanical or clerical matter is considered an income tax return preparer, even
though such person does not actually place or review placement of information
on such return or such claim for refund.
(iii) A person who only gives advice on
specific issues of law will not be considered an income tax return preparer,
unless:
(a) the advice is given with respect
to events which have occurred at the time the advice is rendered and is not
given with respect to the consequences of contemplated actions;
(b) the advice is directly relevant to the
determination of the existence, characterization or amount of an entry on the
New York State income tax return or claim for refund; and
(c) the person has actual knowledge that the
taxpayer utilized the advice rendered on the New York State income tax return
or claim for refund.
(iv) A person must prepare a New York State
income tax return or claim for refund for compensation to be an income tax
return preparer. A person who prepares a New York State income tax return or
claim for refund for a taxpayer with no explicit or implicit agreement for
compensation is not a preparer, even though such person receives a gift, a
return of services or a favor.
(v)
A person who prepares a New York State income tax return or claim for refund
outside the United States is an income tax return preparer, regardless of such
preparer's nationality, residence, or the locations of such person's places of
business, if such person otherwise satisfies the definition of income tax
return preparer.
(vi) An official
or employee of the Internal Revenue Service or the New York State Department of
Taxation and Finance performing such official's or employee's official duties
is not an income tax return preparer.
(vii) The following are not income tax return
preparers:
(a) any individual who provides tax
assistance under a Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program established
by the Internal Revenue Service or the New York State Department of Taxation
and Finance;
(b) any organization
sponsoring or administering a Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program
established by the Internal Revenue Service or the New York State Department of
Taxation and Finance, but only with respect to that sponsorship or
administration;
(c) any individual
who provides tax counseling for the elderly under a program established
pursuant to section 163 of the Federal Revenue Act of 1978; and
(d) any organization sponsoring or
administering a program to provide tax counseling for the elderly established
pursuant to section 163 of the Federal Revenue Act of 1978, but only with
respect to that sponsorship or administration.
(viii) Persons who are not income tax return
preparers. A person will not be considered to be a preparer of a New York State
income tax return or claim for refund where such person performs only one or
more of the following services:
(a) typing,
reproduction, or other mechanical assistance in the preparation of a New York
State income tax return or claim for refund;
(b) preparation of a New York State income
tax return or claim for refund of a person or general partner, by whom the
individual is regularly and continuously employed or in which such individual
is a general partner; or
(c)
preparation of a New York State personal income tax return or claim for refund
for any person by a fiduciary if such fiduciary is preparing such return or
such claim for refund in such fiduciary's capacity as a fiduciary of such
person.
(5) Retention period defined.
For purposes of this section, the term
retention period means:
(i) in the case of a New York State income
tax return, the period ending the later of three years after the due date of
such New York State income tax return (without regard to extensions of time to
file), or three years after the date such New York State income tax return was
presented to the taxpayer for such taxpayer's signature; and
(ii) in the case of a claim for refund, the
period ending three years after such claim for refund was presented to the
taxpayer for such taxpayer's signature.