(A) Initial round of
source water monitoring.
Systems shall conduct the following monitoring on the schedule
in paragraph (C) of this rule unless they meet the monitoring exemption
criteria in paragraph (D) of this rule.
(1) Systems serving at least ten thousand
people shall sample their source water for Cryptosporidium, E. coli, and
turbidity at least monthly for twenty-four months.
(2) Systems serving less than ten thousand
people shall sample their source water for E. coli at least once every two
weeks for twelve months.
(3)
Systems serving less than ten thousand people may avoid E. coli monitoring if
the system notifies the director that it will monitor for Cryptosporidium as
described in paragraph (A)(4) of this rule. The system shall notify the primacy
agency at the time of this requirement, no later than three months prior to the
date the system is otherwise required to start E. coli monitoring under
paragraph (C) of this rule.
(4)
Systems serving less than ten thousand people shall sample their
source water
for Cryptosporidium at least twice per month for twelve months or at least
monthly for twenty-four months if they meet one of the following, based on
monitoring conducted under paragraph (A)(2) of this rule:
(a) For systems using lake/reservoir sources,
the annual mean E. coli concentration is greater than ten E. coli per one
hundred milliliters.
(b) For
systems using flowing stream sources, the annual mean E. coli concentration is
greater than fifty E. coli per one hundred milliliters.
(c) The system does not conduct E. coli
monitoring as described in paragraph (A)(2) of this rule.
(d) Systems using
ground water under the direct influence of surface water as
defined by rule 3745-81-01
a well designated as
surface water in accordance with rule
3745-81-76
of the
Administrative Code shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (A)(4) of
this rule based on the E. coli level that applies to the nearest
surface water
body. If no
surface water body is nearby, the system shall comply based on the
requirements that apply to systems using
lake/reservoir sources.
(5) For systems serving less than
ten thousand people, the primacy agency at the time of this requirement may
accept monitoring for an indicator other than E. coli under paragraph (A)(2) of
this rule. The primacy agency also may accept an alternative to the E. coli
concentration in paragraph (A)(4) of this rule to trigger Cryptosporidium
monitoring. This acceptance by the primacy agency shall be provided to the
system in writing and shall include the basis for the primacy agency's
determination that the alternative indicator and/or trigger level will provide
a more accurate identification of whether a system will exceed the Bin 1
Cryptosporidium level in paragraphs (A) to (D) of rule
3745-81-67 of the Administrative
Code.
(6) Systems may sample more
frequently than required under this paragraph if the sampling frequency is
evenly spaced throughout the monitoring period.
(B) Second round of
source water monitoring.
Systems shall conduct a second round of source water monitoring
that meets the requirements for monitoring parameters, frequency, and duration
described in paragraph (A) of this rule, unless they meet the monitoring
exemption criteria in paragraph (D) of this rule. Systems shall conduct this
monitoring in accordance with the schedule in paragraph (C) of this
rule.
(C) Monitoring
schedule.
Systems shall begin the monitoring required in paragraphs (A)
and (B) of this rule no later than the month beginning with the date listed in
this table:
Source Water Monitoring Starting Date Tables
|
Systems that serve...
|
Shall begin the first round of source water
monitoring no later than the month beginning...
|
And shall begin the second round of source water
monitoring no later than the month beginning...
|
|
(1) At least 100,000 people.
|
(i) October 1, 2006.
|
(ii) April 1, 2015.
|
|
(2) From 50,000 to 99,999 people.
|
(i) April 1, 2007.
|
(ii) October 1, 2015.
|
|
(3) From 10,000 to 49,999 people.
|
(i) April 1, 2008.
|
(ii) October 1, 2016.
|
|
(4) Less than 10,000 and monitor for E.
Coli.
|
(i) October 1, 2008.
|
(ii) October 1, 2017.
|
|
(5) Less than 10,000 and monitor for
Cryptosporidium.*
|
(i) April 1, 2010.
|
(ii) April 1, 2019.
|
* Applies to systems that meet the conditions of paragraph
(A)(4) of this rule.
(D)
Monitoring avoidance.
(1) Systems are not
required to conduct
source water monitoring under this rule if the system will
provide a total of at least 5.5 -log of treatment for Cryptosporidium,
equivalent to meeting the treatment requirements of Bin 4 in paragraph (E) of
rule
3745-81-67 of the Administrative
Code.
(2) If a system chooses to
provide the level of treatment in paragraph (D)(1) of this rule, as applicable,
rather than start
source water monitoring, the system shall notify the primacy
agency at the time of this requirement, in writing no later than the date the
system is otherwise required to submit a sampling schedule for monitoring in
accordance with paragraph (I) of this rule. Alternatively, a system may choose
to stop sampling at any point after it has initiated monitoring if it notifies
the primacy agency in writing that it will provide this level of treatment.
Systems shall install and operate technologies to provide this level of
treatment by the applicable treatment compliance date in paragraph (F) of rule
3745-81-67 of the Administrative
Code. The system shall obtain plan approval of the treatment process scheme
which provides at least 5.5 log of treatment. The primacy agency may require
additional performance monitoring and reporting.
(E) Plants operating only part of the year.
Systems that operate for only part of the year shall conduct
source water monitoring in accordance with this rule with the following
modifications:
(1) Systems shall
sample their source water only during the months that the plant operates unless
the director specifies another monitoring period based on plant operating
practices.
(2) Systems with plants
that operate less than six months per year and that monitor for Cryptosporidium
shall collect at least six Cryptosporidium samples per year during each of two
years of monitoring. Samples shall be evenly spaced throughout the period the
plant operates.
(F) New
sources.
Source water monitoring of new sources shall meet the
requirements of this rule unless the system meets the monitoring avoidance requirements of paragraph (D) of
this rule. The system shall also meet the bin classification and
Cryptosporidium treatment requirements of paragraphs (A) to (E) of rule
3745-81-67 of the Administrative
Code, as applicable, for the new source on a schedule the director
approves.
(1) An existing system that
begins using a new source of surface water after the system is required to
begin monitoring in accordance with paragraph (C) of this rule, shall monitor
the new source on a schedule the director approves.
(2) A new system that begins operation using
a new source after the monitoring date applicable to the system's size in
accordance with paragraph (C) of this rule shall monitor the new source on a
schedule the director approves.
(3)
The system shall begin a second round of
source water monitoring no later than
six years following initial bin classification in accordance with paragraphs
(A) to (D) of rule
3745-81-67 of the Administrative
Code.
(G) Failure to
collect any
source water sample required under this rule in accordance with the
sampling schedule, sampling location, analytical method, approved laboratory,
and reporting requirements of paragraphs (I) to (K) of this rule, paragraphs
(H) to (J) of rule 3745-81-27, rule 3745-89-11, and paragraph (A) of rule
3745-81-66 of the Administrative
Code, is a monitoring violation.
(H) Grandfathering monitoring data.
Systems may use (grandfather) monitoring data collection prior
to the applicable monitoring start date in paragraph (C) of this rule to meet
the initial source water monitoring requirements in paragraph (A) of this rule.
Grandfathered data may substitute for an equivalent number of months at the end
of the monitoring period. All data submitted under this paragraph shall meet
the requirements in paragraph (B) of rule
3745-81-66 of the Administrative
Code.
(I) Sampling
schedules.
(1) Systems required to conduct
source water monitoring in accordance with paragraphs (A) to (H) of this rule
shall submit a sampling schedule that specifies the calendar dates when the
system will collect each required sample.
(a)
Systems shall submit sampling schedules no later than three months prior to the
applicable date listed in paragraph (C) of this rule for each round of required
monitoring.
(b) Systems serving at
least ten thousand people shall submit their sampling schedule for the initial
round of
source water monitoring in accordance with paragraph (A) of this rule
to the primacy agency at the time of this requirement
, electronically
.
at https://intranet.epa.gov/lt2/. If a
system is unable to submit the sampling schedule electronically, the system may
use an alternative approach for submitting the sampling schedule that the
primacy agency approves.
(c)
Systems serving less than ten thousand people shall submit their sampling
schedules for the initial round of source water monitoring required by
paragraph (A) of this rule to the primacy agency at the time of this
requirement.
(d) Systems shall
submit sampling schedules for the second round of source water monitoring
required by paragraph (B) of this rule to the director.
(e) If the primacy agency at the time of this
requirement does not respond to a system regarding its sampling schedule, the
system shall sample at the reported schedule.
(2) Systems shall collect samples within two
days before or two days after the dates indicated in their sampling schedule
(e.g., within a five day period around the schedule date) unless one of the
following conditions
of paragraph (I)(2)(a) or (I)(2)(b) of this rule
applies
.
:
(a) If an extreme condition or situation
exists that may pose danger to the sample collector, or that cannot be avoided
and causes the system to be unable to sample in the scheduled five day period,
the system shall sample as close to the scheduled date as is feasible unless
the primacy agency at the time of this requirement accepts an alternative
sampling date. The system shall submit an explanation for the delayed sampling
date to the primacy agency concurrent with the shipment of the sample to the
laboratory.
(b) If a system is
unable to report a valid analytical result for a scheduled sampling date due to
equipment failure, loss of or damage to the sample, failure to comply with the
analytical method requirements, including the quality control requirements in
paragraphs (H) to (J) of rule
3745-81-27 of the Administrative
Code, or the failure of an approved laboratory to analyze the sample, then the
system shall collect a replacement sample. The system shall collect the
replacement sample not later than twenty-one days after receiving information
that an analytical result cannot be reported for the scheduled date unless the
system demonstrates that collecting a replacement sample within this time frame
is not feasible or the
director accepts an alternative resampling date. The
system shall submit an explanation for the delayed sampling date to the primacy
agency at the time of this requirement, concurrent with the shipment of the
sample to the laboratory.
(3) Systems that fail to meet the criteria of
paragraphs (I)(2)(a) and (I)(2)(b) of this rule for any source water sample
required by paragraphs (A) to (H) of this rule shall revise their sampling
schedules to add dates for collecting all missed samples. Systems shall submit
the revised schedule to the primacy agency at the time of this requirement, for
acceptance prior to when the system begins collecting the missed
samples.
(J) Sampling
locations.
Systems required to conduct source water monitoring by
paragraphs (A) to (H) of this rule shall collect samples for each plant that
treats a surface water source. Where multiple plants draw water from the same
influent, such as the same pipe or intake, the primacy agency at the time of
this requirement, may accept one set of monitoring results to be used to
satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (A) to (H) of this rule for all
plants.
(1) Systems shall collect
source water samples prior to chemical treatment, such as coagulants, oxidants
and disinfectants, unless the system meets the condition of paragraph (J)(2) of
this rule.
(2) The primacy agency
at the time of this requirement may accept a system to collect a source water
sample after chemical treatment. To grant this acceptance, the primacy agency
shall determine that collecting a sample prior to chemical treatment is not
feasible for the system and that the chemical treatment is unlikely to have a
significant adverse effect on the analysis of the sample.
(3) Systems that recycle filter backwash
water shall collect source water samples prior to the point of filter backwash
water addition.
(4) Bank
filtration.
(a) Systems that receive
Cryptosporidium treatment credit for
bank filtration in accordance with
paragraph (C) of rule
3745-81-73 of the Administrative
Code, as applicable, shall collect
source water samples in the
surface water
prior to
bank filtration.
(b)
Systems that do not receive Cryptosporidium treatment credit for
bank
filtration in accordance with paragraph (C) of rule
3745-81-73 of the Administrative
Code and that use
bank filtration as pretreatment to a
filtration plant and do
not intend to receive Cryptosporidium treatment credit for
bank filtration
under paragraph (F) of rule
3745-81-68 of the Administrative
Code shall collect
source water samples from the well (e.g., after
bank
filtration). Use of
bank filtration during monitoring shall be consistent with
routine operational practice.
(5) Multiple sources.
Systems with plants that use multiple water sources, including
multiple surface water sources and blended surface water and ground water
sources, shall collect samples as specified in paragraph (J)(5)(a) or (J)(5)(b)
of this rule. The use of multiple sources during monitoring shall be consistent
with routine operational practice.
(a)
If a sampling tap is available where the sources are combined prior to
treatment, systems shall collect samples from the tap.
(b) If a sampling tap where the sources are
combined prior to treatment is not available, systems shall collect samples at
each
source near the intake on the same day and shall
follow either paragraph (J)(5)(b)(i) or
(J)(5)(b)(ii) of this rule for sample analysis.
do either of the following:
(i) Systems may composite samples from each
source into one sample prior to analysis. The volume of sample from each source
shall be weighted according to the proportion of the source in the total plant
flow at the time the sample is collected.
(ii) Systems may analyze samples from each
source separately and calculate a weighted average of the analysis results for
each sampling date. The weighted average shall be calculated by multiplying the
analysis result for each source by the fraction the source contributed to total
plant flow at the time the sample was collected and then summing these
values.
(K) Additional requirements.
Systems shall submit a description of their sampling
location(s)
location to the primacy agency at the time of this
requirement, at the same time as the sampling schedule required by paragraph
(I) of this rule. This description shall address the position of the sampling
location in relation to the system's water
source(s)
source and
treatment processes, including pretreatment, points of chemical treatment, and
filter backwash recycle. If the primacy agency does not respond to a system
regarding sampling location(s)
location, the system shall sample at the reported
location(s)
location.
