(A)
Reserved.
(B) Definitions.
(1) "Cutting wheels" means organic bonded
wheels designed for use with power driven equipment for a multitude of
operations variously known as cutting, cutting-off, grooving, slotting, coping,
jointing, etc.
(2) "Grinding
wheels" means wheels composed of a uniform mixture of an abrasive material and
a bond formed or molded into a single piece and designed for use with power
driven equipment to reduce the dimensions of other materials held against them
on the periphery or a side surface.
(C) Woodworking machines.
(1) Boring and mortising machines.
(a) Mortising machines (except hollow chisel
mortisers).
Mortising machines, except hollow chisel mortisers shall be
provided with thumb stops at each side of the chisel or with equivalent
protection.
(b) Chain
mortisers.
The top of the cutting chain and driving mechanism shall be
guarded.
(c) Bits.
Bits on all automatic boring machines shall be guarded at the
points of operation.
(d)
Chuck design.
Safety bit chucks with no projecting set screws shall be
used.
(e) This section
shall not apply to lock and butt mortising machines.
(2) Sanding machines.
(a) Belt sanders.
Belt sanders shall have both pulleys guarded in such manner as
to guard the points where the belt runs onto the pulleys. The edges of the
unused run of the belt shall be guarded.
(b) Disc sanders.
Disc sanders shall have a guard so arranged as to enclose the
periphery and back of the revolving disc, except such portion of the face of
the disc above the table (if table is used) as may be required for the
application of the material to be finished.
(c) Drum sanders.
Drum sanders shall have a guard so arranged as to enclose the
revolving drum, except such portion of the drum above the table (if table is
used) as may be required for the application of the material to be
finished.
(3)
Wood shapers.
(a) Cutting heads - guarding.
The cutting heads of each wood shaper, hand-fed panel raiser or
other similar machine, not automatically fed, shall be guarded. The diameter of
circular shaper guards shall be no less than the greatest diameter of the
cutter. When single cutter knives in shaper heads are used, the shaper heads
shall be balanced.
(b)
Routers.
The pulleys, spindles, and cutting tools shall be guarded.
Turnplates, jigs, and fixtures which keep the operator's hands out of the
danger zone may be provided as an alternative.
(D) Power driven saws.
All cracked saw blades shall be removed from service.
(1) Circular saws.
The exposed portion of the saw blade above the table and under the table shall be
guarded.
(a) Rip saw (manual feed).
A hood type guard shall be provided, the design of which
shall:
(i) When not in use, cover the
saw blade at all times;
(ii) When
in use, automatically adjust itself to the thickness of and remain in contact
with the material being cut when the stock encounters the saw blade, or may be
a fixed or manually adjusted hood or guard provided the space between the
bottom of the guard and the material being cut does not exceed three-eighths
inch at any time;
(iii) The guard
shall prevent a kick-back, or a separate attachment that will prevent a
kick-back shall be provided. "Kick-back" devices shall be effective for all
thicknesses of material that are cut;
(iv) A spreader shall also be provided and
securely fastened at the rear of the saw in alignment with the saw blade,
except where a roller wheel is provided at the back of the saw. The spreader
shall be slightly thinner than the saw kerf and slightly thicker than the saw
disc, to prevent the material from squeezing the saw blade.
(v) Alternate method.
Where the method of guarding as specified above is impossible,
a substantial jig, fixture or template may be used which shall be designed to
keep the hands of the operator out of the danger zone.
(b) Portable circular power saws.
Portable circular power saws shall have a hood type guard over
the upper half of the blade. The lower half of the saw blade shall be guarded
with a retracting guard which is designed to automatically adjust to the
material being cut.
(c)
Swing cutoff.
(i) A hood type
guard shall be
attached to the frame and shall completely cover the upper half of the saw
blade
, the arbor end, and the point of operation at all
positions of the saw.
(ii)
Automatic return.
The saw shall return automatically to the back of the table
when released at any point of its travel without rebound of the blade.
(d) Radial arm saws.
(i) The upper hood shall completely enclose
the upper portion of the blade down to a point that will include the end of the
saw arbor. The upper hood shall be constructed in such a manner and of such
material that it will protect the
operator from flying splinters, broken saw
teeth, etc., and will deflect sawdust away from the
operator.
Except where a jig or fixture is used the
The sides of the lower exposed portion of the
blade shall be
guarded to the full diameter of the blade by a device that will
automatically adjust itself to the thickness of the stock and remain in contact
with stock being cut.
(ii) The hood
type
guard shall be so designed as to prevent a kick-back
when used for ripping or a separate attachment
that will prevent a kick-back shall be provided. "Kick-back" devices shall be
effective for all thicknesses of material that are cut.
(iii) A stop shall be installed which shall
prevent the saw from traveling beyond the front edge of the table.
(iv) The direction of the saw rotation shall
be conspicuously marked on the hood.
(v)
The saw shall
return automatically to the back of the table when released at any point of its
travel without rebound of the blade.
(e) Masonry.
(i) Guarding.
A hood type guard shall be provided over the wheel of masonry
saws.
(ii) Blades.
Only reinforced abrasive blades or diamond blades shall be used
on masonry saws.
(2) Band saws and band knives.
All portions of the saw blade or band blade shall be enclosed
or guarded, except for the working portion of the blade between the bottom of
the guide rolls and the table. Band saw wheels shall be fully enclosed. The
outside of the periphery of the enclosure shall be solid. The front and back of
the band wheels shall be either enclosed by solid material or by wire mesh or
perforated metal, the dimensions and material of which shall be in accordance
with appendix I to rule
4123:1-3-05
of the Revised Code.
(E) Portable chain saws.
Portable chain saws shall have all guards and handles, as
provided by the manufacturer, in place, all controls functioning properly and
mufflers operative. Electrically powered chain saws shall comply with paragraph
(H) of this rule.
(F) Power
grinders.
(1) External grinding machines.
On all portable grinding machines used for external grinding, a
substantial guard shall be provided unless the grinding wheels are equipped
with protection flanges, bands or chucks except that these requirements shall
not apply if grinding wheels are less than three
two inches in
diameter and are operated at a peripheral speed not exceeding three thousand
feet per minute (fpm). The exposure (unguarded portion) of the grinding wheel
periphery shall be as small as the work will permit for external grinding.
Where the nature of the work is such that the material acts as a shield to the
periphery of the grinding wheel, the material shall be construed as
constituting a guard and no additional guard shall be required.
(2) Bench or floor stand.
The angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides
for safety guards used on machines known as bench or floor stands shall not
exceed ninety degrees or one-fourth of the periphery and such exposure shall
begin at a point no more than sixty-five degrees above the horizontal plane of
the wheel spindle (see "Figures 22-1 and 22-2"), provided that whenever the
nature of the work requires contact with the wheel below the horizontal plane
of the spindle, the exposure shall not exceed one hundred twenty-five degrees
(see "Figures 22-3 and 22-4").
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(3)
Work rests.
On off-hand grinding machines work
rests shall be used to support the work. They shall be of rigid construction
and designed to be adjustable to compensate for wheel wear. Work rests shall be
kept adjusted to a maximum opening of one-eighth inch to prevent the work from
being jammed between the wheel and the rest. The employer shall instruct the
employee to securely clamp the work rest after each adjustment. The employer
shall also instruct the employee not to adjust the work rest with the wheel in
motion.
(a) On off-hand grinding machines
work rests shall be used to support the work. They shall be of rigid
construction and designed to be adjustable to compensate for wheel wear. Work
rests shall be kept adjusted to a maximum opening of one-eighth inch to prevent
the work from being jammed between the wheel and the rest. The employer shall
instruct the employee to securely clamp the work rest after each adjustment.
The employer shall also instruct the employee not to adjust the work rest with
the wheel in motion.
(b) The work rest shall be used to
support the work wherever practicable.
(c) Wherever the nature of the work
requires contact with the wheel below the horizontal plane of the spindle, work
rests need not be used.
(G)
Pneumatically powered tools.
All pneumatically powered portable tools shall be equipped with
an automatic shutoff valve ("dead-man" control) so arranged as to close the air
inlet valve when the pressure of the operator's hand is removed. Each tool
shall be equipped with a retainer where accidental ejection is possible.
(H) Grounding.
All electrically powered portable tools and equipment with
exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts shall be grounded. Portable tools and
equipment protected by an approved system of double insulation, or its
equivalent, need not be grounded. Where such an approved system is employed the
equipment shall be distinctively marked.
(I) Power cutoff and pressure control
devices.
(1) Portable powered tools.
All hand-held powered drills, tappers, fastener drives,
horizontal, vertical, and angle grinders with wheels greater than two inches in
diameter, disc sanders with discs greater than two inches in diameter, belt
sanders, reciprocating saws, saber, scroll, and jig saws with blade shanks
greater than a nominal one-fourth inch, and other similarly operating powered
tools shall be equipped with a constant pressure switch or control, and may
have a lock-on control provided that turn-off can be accomplished by a single
motion of the same finger or fingers that turn it on.
(2) Use of compressed air tools.
(a) In operations requiring the use of
compressed air tools the wearing of eye protection is required in all
cases.
(b) The employer shall
instruct the employee that compressed air shall not be used for personal
cleaning purposes.
(J) Portable pneumatically powered fasteners.
(1) Actuating mechanism.
(a) Two separate and distinct operations
shall be required to activate the fastener. The final activating movement, such
as depressing a trigger, shall be separate from the prerequisite that the
fastener be held firmly against the work surface before it will
operate.
(b) The fastener shall be
designed so that it cannot fire during loading or during preparation to fire,
or if the fastener should be dropped while loaded.
(2) Air hose.
Hose and hose connections used for conducting compressed air to
utilization equipment shall be those designed for the pressure and service to
which they are subjected.
(3) Pressure regulator.
The fastener shall be equipped with a pressure regulator or
other device to prevent air pressure from exceeding the maximum design capacity
of the fastener.
(K) Portable safety containers.
Approved portable safety containers shall be provided for
handling flammable liquids with a flash point (closed cup) below one
hundred thirty-eight and two-tenths degrees Fahrenheit
one hundred forty degrees Fahrenheit in
quantities of one gallon or more. The containers shall be legibly marked
"flammable".