19 Tex. Admin. Code § 127.698 - [Effective 8/1/2025] Raster-Based Geographic Information Systems (One Credit), Adopted 2025
(a) Implementation.
(1) The provisions of this section shall be
implemented by school districts beginning with the 2025-2026 school
year.
(2) School districts shall
implement the employability skills student expectations listed in §
127.15(d)(1) of
this chapter (relating to Career and Technical Education Employability Skills,
Adopted 2025) as an integral part of this course.
(b) General requirements. This course is
recommended for students in Grades 10-12. Recommended prerequisite: Geographic
Information Systems. Students shall be awarded one credit for successful
completion of this course.
(c)
Introduction.
(1) Career and technical
education instruction provides content aligned with challenging academic
standards and relevant technical knowledge and skills for students to further
their education and succeed in current or emerging professions.
(2) The Information Technology career cluster
focuses on the design, development, support, and management of hardware,
software, multimedia, and systems integration services. This career cluster
includes occupations ranging from software developer and programmer to
cybersecurity specialist and network analyst.
(3) In Raster-Based Geographic Information
Systems (GIS), students study local problems; acquire information, including
images or aerial photographs; process the acquired data; and merge the acquired
data with vector data. Students plan, conduct, and present solutions for
locally based problems.
(4)
Students are encouraged to participate in extended learning experiences such as
career and technical student organizations and other organizations that foster
leadership and career development in the profession such as student chapters of
related professional associations.
(5) Statements that contain the word
"including" reference content that must be mastered, while those containing the
phrase "such as" are intended as possible illustrative examples.
(d) Knowledge and skills.
(1) The student demonstrates knowledge of the
GIS field and related careers. The student is expected to:
(A) identify employment and career
opportunities in GIS-related fields;
(B) identify and explore career preparation
learning experiences, including job shadowing, mentoring, apprenticeship
training, and preparation programs;
(C) identify industry certifications for
GIS-related careers, including careers related to raster-based GIS;
and
(D) discuss and analyze ethical
issues related to GIS and technology and incorporate proper ethics in submitted
projects.
(2) The
student explores various roles in team projects. The student is expected to:
(A) explain the importance of teamwork in the
field of GIS;
(B) describe
principles of effective teamwork, including collaboration and conflict
resolution; and
(C) explain common
characteristics of strong team leaders and team members.
(3) The student investigates the history and
use of aerial photography. The student is expected to:
(A) explain fundamental principles of cameras
and lenses as they pertain to GIS and aerial photography;
(B) research and explain the history of
aerial photography, including aerial platforms;
(C) explain various uses of aerial
photography;
(D) compare vertical
and oblique aerial photography; and
(E) identify cities, bridges, shorelines,
roads and other important features in aerial photos.
(4) The student develops an understanding of
electromagnetic and thermal radiation. The student is expected to:
(A) explain how forms of radiation propagate
through space and interact with matter;
(B) research and describe the behavior of
waves, including refraction, scattering, absorption, and reflection, in
relation to radiation;
(C) describe
the properties and laws of thermal radiation;
(D) compare the particle and wave models of
electromagnetic energy;
(E)
differentiate maps based on electromagnetic versus thermal radiation imagery;
and
(F) evaluate whether
electromagnetic or thermal radiation imagery is appropriate based on the
conditions.
(5) The
student explores active and passive microwave remote sensing. The student is
expected to:
(A) compare active and passive
microwave remote sensing;
(B)
explain geographic characteristics, including surface roughness, moisture
content, vegetation, backscatter and biomass, and urban structures, detected by
remote sensing images; and
(C)
provide a detailed analysis of radar images.
(6) The student learns the functions and
applications of the tools, equipment, and materials used in GIS and
raster-based analysis. The student is expected to:
(A) describe how to use raster-based
software;
(B) download spatial data
and raster images and re-project the data and images to match the Digital
Orthophoto Quadrangle (DOQ) or Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle
(DOQQ);
(C) identify remote sensing
equipment and describe the difference between the Global Positioning System
(GPS) and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS);
(D) describe GPS measurements and perform
measurements with handheld GPS devices using GPS or GLONASS systems;
and
(E) compare the advantages,
disadvantages, and limitations of remote or unmanned sensing.
(7) The student uses scientific
practices in imagery analysis. The student is expected to:
(A) plan and implement investigative
procedures, including asking questions, formulating testable hypotheses, and
selecting, handling, and maintaining appropriate equipment and
technology;
(B) collect GIS
data;
(C) organize, analyze,
evaluate, make inferences, and predict trends from GIS data; and
(D) communicate valid conclusions using
appropriate GIS vocabulary, supportive maps, summaries, oral reports, and
technology-based reports.
(8) The student uses project-management
skills to research and analyze locally based problems. The student is expected
to:
(A) identify and collect data necessary to
evaluate a local problem, including defining the problem and identifying
locations of the concern;
(B)
develop a plan and project schedule for completion of a project developed to
address a local concern using raster-based GIS technology;
(C) create a GIS map to illustrate a problem
using remote sensing images gathered from sites such as the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administrations, and United States Geological Survey;
(D) evaluate GIS map features to identify
solutions to a problem;
(E) develop
solutions to minimize, reverse, or solve problem using raster-based GIS
technology; and
(F) organize and
present findings related to a local problem in a final report or portfolio with
data and solutions generated using raster-based GIS technology.
Notes
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