12 Va. Admin. Code § 5-90-215 - Schedule and criteria for and confirmation of blood lead testing and information to be provided
A.
Schedule for testing. Every child shall be tested to determine the blood lead
level at 12 months and 24 months of age if the health care provider determines
that the child meets any of the criteria listed in subsection B of this
section. Children 25 months through 72 months of age who present for medical
care and meet any of criteria of subsection B of this section shall also be
tested if they have either not previously been tested for blood lead level or
were previously tested but experienced a change since testing that has resulted
in an increased risk of lead exposure based on the criteria listed in
subsection B of this section.
B.
Criteria for testing.
1. The child is
eligible for or receiving benefits from Medicaid or the Special Supplemental
Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC);
2. The child is living in or regularly
visiting a house, apartment, dwelling, structure, or child care facility built
before 1950;
3. The child is living
in or regularly visiting a house, apartment, dwelling, structure, or child care
facility built before 1978 that has (i) peeling or chipping paint or (ii)
recent (within the last six months) ongoing or planned renovations;
4. The child is living in or regularly
visiting a house, apartment, dwelling, or other structure in which one or more
persons have blood lead testing yielding evidence of lead exposure;
5. The child is living with an adult whose
job, hobby, or other activity involves exposure to lead;
6. The child is living near an active lead
smelter, battery recycling plant, or other industry likely to release
lead;
7. The child's parent,
guardian, or other person standing in loco parentis requests the child's blood
be tested due to any suspected exposure; or
8. The child is a recent refugee or immigrant
or is adopted from outside of the United States.
C. Exceptions. A child who does not meet any
of the schedule or criteria provided in subsection A or B of this section is
considered to be at low risk, and testing is not required but may be conducted
at the discretion of the health care provider. The testing requirement shall be
waived if the parent, guardian, or other person standing in loco parentis of a
child objects to the testing on the basis that the procedure conflicts with his
religious tenets or practices.
D.
Confirmation of blood lead levels. Blood lead level testing shall be performed
on venous or capillary blood. Tests of venous blood performed by a laboratory
certified by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in
accordance with
42 USC §
263a, the Clinical Laboratory Improvement
Amendment of 1988 (CLIA-certified), are considered confirmatory. Tests of
venous blood performed by any other laboratory and tests of capillary blood
shall be confirmed by a repeat blood test, preferably venous, performed by a
CLIA-certified laboratory. Such confirmatory testing shall be performed in
accordance with the following schedule:
1.
Confirmatory testing is not required if the result of the capillary test is
below CDC's reference value.
2.
Within one to three months if the result of the capillary test is at or above
the CDC's reference value and up to 9 micrograms of lead per deciliter of whole
blood (µg/dL).
3. Within one
week to one month if the result of the capillary test is 10-44 µg/dL. The
higher this test result, the more urgent the need for a confirmatory
test.
4. Within 48 hours if the
result of the capillary test is 45-59 µg/dL.
5. Within 24 hours if the result of the
capillary test is 60-69 µg/dL.
6. Immediately as an emergency laboratory
test if the result of the capillary test is 70 µg/dL or higher.
E. Information to be provided. As
part of regular well-check visits for all children, the health care provider
shall make available to parents, guardians, or other persons standing in loco
parentis information on the dangers of lead poisoning, potential sources of
lead and ways to prevent exposure, and a list of available lead-related
resources. When blood lead level testing is performed, the health care provider
shall share the child's blood lead level test result with the child's parent,
guardian, or other person standing in loco parentis and report to the local
health department in accordance with the requirements of
12VAC5-90-80.
Notes
Statutory Authority: §§ 32.1-12, 32.1-35, and 32.1-42 of the Code of Virginia.
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