Amendments
2002—Pub. L. 107–273 amended heading and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:
“(a) The Congress hereby finds that—
“(1) juveniles accounted for almost half the arrests for serious crimes in the United States in 1974 and for less than one-third of such arrests in 1983;
“(2) recent trends show an upsurge in arrests of adolescents for murder, assault, and weapon use;
“(3) the small number of youth who commit the most serious and violent offenses are becoming more violent;
“(4) understaffed, overcrowded juvenile courts, prosecutorial and public defender offices, probation services, and correctional facilities and inadequately trained staff in such courts, services, and facilities are not able to provide individualized justice or effective help;
“(5) present juvenile courts, foster and protective care programs, and shelter facilities are inadequate to meet the needs of children, who, because of this failure to provide effective services, may become delinquents;
“(6) existing programs have not adequately responded to the particular problems of the increasing numbers of young people who are addicted to or who abuse alcohol and other drugs, particularly nonopiate or polydrug abusers;
“(7) juvenile delinquency can be reduced through programs designed to keep students in elementary and secondary schools through the prevention of unwarranted and arbitrary suspensions and expulsions;
“(8) States and local communities which experience directly the devastating failures of the juvenile justice system do not presently have sufficient technical expertise or adequate resources to deal comprehensively with the problems of juvenile delinquency;
“(9) existing Federal programs have not provided the direction, coordination, resources, and leadership required to meet the crisis of delinquency;
“(10) the juvenile justice system should give additional attention to the problem of juveniles who commit serious crimes, with particular attention given to the areas of sentencing, providing resources necessary for informed dispositions, and rehabilitation;
“(11) emphasis should be placed on preventing youth from entering the juvenile justice system to begin with; and
“(12) the incidence of juvenile delinquency can be reduced through public recreation programs and activities designed to provide youth with social skills, enhance self esteem, and encourage the constructive use of discretionary time.
“(b) Congress finds further that the high incidence of delinquency in the United States today results in enormous annual cost and immeasurable loss of human life, personal security, and wasted human resources and that juvenile delinquency constitutes a growing threat to the national welfare requiring immediate and comprehensive action by the Federal Government to reduce and prevent delinquency.”
1992—Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(a)(2), added pars. (2) and (3). Former pars. (2) and (3) redesignated (4) and (5), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(a)(1), (3), redesignated par. (2) as (4) and inserted “prosecutorial and public defender offices,”. Former par. (4) redesignated (6).
Subsec. (a)(5) to (10). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(a)(1), redesignated pars. (3) to (8) as (5) to (10), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(11), (12). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(a)(4)–(6), added pars. (11) and (12).
1984—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–473, § 611(1), substituted “accounted” for “account” and “in 1974 and for less than one-third of such arrests in 1983” for “today”.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 98–473, § 611(2), inserted “and inadequately trained staff in such courts, services, and facilities”.
Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–473, § 611(3), struck out “the countless, abandoned, and dependent” before “children, who”.
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 98–473, § 611(4), substituted “reduced” for “prevented”.
1980—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 96–509, § 3(1), inserted reference to alcohol abuse.
Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 96–509, § 3(2)–(4), added par. (8).
Effective Date of 2002 Amendment
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12223, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1896, as amended by Pub. L. 108–7, div. B, title I, § 110(2), (3), Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 67, provided that:
“(a)Effective Date.—
Except as provided in subsection (b), this subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 12201–12223) of title II of div. C of
Pub. L. 107–273, see Short Title of 2002 Amendment note below] and the amendments made by this subtitle shall take effect on the effective date provided in section 12102(b) [set out as a note under
section 3796ee of this title].
“(b)Application of Amendments.—
The amendments made by this subtitle shall apply only with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after the effective date provided in subsection (a).”
Effective Date of 1988 Amendment
Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7296, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4463, as amended by Pub. L. 101–204, title X, § 1001(d), Dec. 7, 1989, 103 Stat. 1827, provided that:
“(a)Effective Date.—
Except as provided in subsection (b), this subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 7250–7296) of title VII of
Pub. L. 100–690, see Short Title of 1988 Amendment note below] and the amendments made by this Act [probably should be subtitle] shall take effect on
October 1, 1988.
“(b)Application of Amendments.—
(1)
The amendments made by section 7258(a) [amending
section 5633 of this title] shall not apply to a State with respect to a fiscal year beginning before the date of the enactment of this Act [
Nov. 18, 1988] if the State plan is approved before such date by the Administrator for such fiscal year.
“(3) Notwithstanding the 180-day period provided in—
“(A)
section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (
42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) [
42 U.S.C. 5617], as added by section 7255;
“(B)
section 361 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (
42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) [
42 U.S.C. 5715], as redesignated by section 7273(e)(2) and amended by section 7274; and
“(C)
section 404(a)(5) [now 404(a)(6)] of the Missing Children’s Assistance Act (
42 U.S.C. 5773(a)(5) [now 5773(a)(6)]), as amended by section 7285(a)(3);
the reports required by such sections to be submitted with respect to fiscal year 1988 shall be submitted not later than August 1, 1989.”
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 670, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2129, provided that:
“(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b), this division [division II (§§ 610–670) of chapter VI of title II of
Pub. L. 98–473, see Short Title of 1984 Amendment note below] and the amendments made by this division shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this joint resolution [
Oct. 12, 1984] or
October 1, 1984, whichever occurs later.
“(b)
Paragraph (2) of section 331(c) of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act [
42 U.S.C. 5751(c)(2)], as added by
section 657(d) of this division , shall not apply with respect to any grant or payment made before the effective date of this joint resolution [
Oct. 12, 1984].”
Effective Date of 1977 Amendment
Pub. L. 93–415, title II, § 263(c), as added by Pub. L. 95–115, § 6(d)(2), Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1058, which provided that except as otherwise provided by the Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1977 (see Short Title of 1977 Amendments note below), the amendments made by the Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1977 were to take effect on Oct. 1, 1977, was repealed by Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7266(2), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4449.
Effective Date
Pub. L. 93–415, title II, § 263(a), (b), Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1129, as amended by Pub. L. 94–273, § 32(a), Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 380; Pub. L. 95–115, § 6(d)(1), Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1058, which provided that (a) except as provided by subsections (b) and (c) (set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note above), the foregoing provisions of such Act (enacting subchapters I and II of this chapter and amending section 5108 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees) were to take effect on Sept. 7, 1974, and that (b) section 5614(b)(5) and 5614(b)(6) of this title was to become effective at the close of the thirty-first day of the twelfth calendar month of 1974 and section 5614(
l
) of this title was to become effective at the close of the thirtieth day of the eleventh month of 1976, was repealed by
Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7266(2),
Nov. 18, 1988,
102 Stat. 4449.
Short Title of 2008 Amendment
Pub. L. 110–378, § 1, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 4068, provided that:
“This Act [enacting sections 5714–25 and 5732–1 of this title and amending sections 5701, 5711, 5712, 5714–2, 5714–23, 5714–41, 5732a, and 5751 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Reconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–240, § 1, June 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 1560, provided that:
“This Act [amending sections
5771,
5773, and
5777 of this title and repealing
section 5776a of this title] may be cited as the ‘Protecting Our Children Comes First Act of 2007’.”
Short Title of 2003 Amendments
Pub. L. 108–96, § 1, Oct. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1167, provided that:
“This Act [enacting
section 5752 of this title, amending sections 5701, 5711, 5712, 5714–2, 5714–21, 5714–23, 5714–24, 5732a, 5751, 5771, 5773, and 5777 of this title, repealing
section 5714–25 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5701 and 5714–1 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Runaway, Homeless, and Missing Children Protection Act’.”
Short Title of 2002 Amendment
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12201, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1869, provided that:
“This subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 12201–12223) of title II of div. C of
Pub. L. 107–273, enacting subchapter V of this chapter, parts C to E of subchapter II of this chapter, and sections
5677 to
5681 of this title, redesignating part J of subchapter II of this chapter as part F of subchapter II of this chapter, amending this section and sections
5602,
5603,
5612,
5614,
5616,
5617,
5631 to
5633,
5671,
5672,
5674,
5675,
5773,
13002,
13003,
13013, and
13023 of this title, repealing parts C to I of subchapter II of this chapter, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002’.”
Short Title of 1999 Amendment
Pub. L. 106–71, § 1, Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1032, provided that:
“This Act [enacting sections 5714–25, 5714–41, 5731a, and 5732a of this title, amending sections 5701, 5711, 5712, 5713, 5714–1 to 5714–21, 5714–23, 5714–24, 5714a to 5731, 5732, 5751 to 5773, 5775, and 5777 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under
section 7101 of Title 20, Education] may be cited as the ‘Missing, Exploited, and Runaway Children Protection Act’.”
Short Title of 1994 Amendment
Pub. L. 103–322, title XVII, § 170301, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2043, provided that subtitle C (§§ 170301–170303) of title XVII of Pub. L. 103–322, which enacted section 5776a of this title, amended sections 5777 and 5778 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 5776a of this title, could be cited as the “Morgan P. Hardiman Task Force on Missing and Exploited Children Act”, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–314, title VII, § 703(g), Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 2989.
Short Title of 1988 Amendment
Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7250(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4434, provided that:
“This subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 7250–7296) of title VII of
Pub. L. 100–690, enacting sections 5617, 5662, 5665, 5665a, 5667, 5673 to 5676, 5712a to 5712c, 5714–1, 5714–2, 5732, 5733, and 5778 of this title, amending sections
5603,
5611,
5614,
5616,
5631 to
5633,
5651 to
5654,
5659 to
5661,
5671,
5672,
5711 to
5714,
5714a,
5714b,
5715,
5716,
5731,
5751,
5773,
5775,
5776, and
5777 of this title and sections
5315 and
5316 of Title
5, Government Organization and Employees, repealing sections
5634 to
5639,
5656,
5657, and
5774 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and
section 5617 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Amendments of 1988’.”
Short Title of 1984 Amendment
Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 610, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2107, provided that:
“This Division [division II (§§ 610–670) of chapter VI of title II of
Pub. L. 98–473, enacting sections
5714a,
5714b, and
5771 to
5777 of this title, amending this section and sections
5602,
5603,
5611,
5612,
5614,
5616,
5632 to
5635,
5637,
5638,
5651,
5653,
5654,
5657,
5659,
5661,
5671,
5672,
5702,
5711 to
5714, and
5751 of this title, repealing sections
5617,
5655, and
5741 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice, Runaway Youth, and Missing Children’s Act Amendments of 1984’.”
Short Title of 1980 Amendment
Pub. L. 96–509, § 1, Dec. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 2750, provided that:
“This Act [enacting
section 5617 of this title, amending this section and sections
5602,
5603,
5611,
5612,
5614 to
5616,
5632 to
5634,
5637,
5638,
5651,
5654 to
5656,
5659 to
5661,
5671,
5672,
5711 to
5713,
5715, and
5751 of this title, repealing former section 5617 and sections
5618 and
5619 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and
section 5633 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1980’.”
Short Title of 1977 Amendment
Pub. L. 95–115, § 1, Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1048, provided that:
“This Act [enacting
section 5741 of this title, amending
section 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections
4351 and
5038 of Title
18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections
3723,
3767,
3811 to
3814,
3821,
3882,
3883,
3888,
3889,
5603,
5611,
5612,
5614 to
5618,
5631 to
5635,
5637 to
5639,
5651,
5653 to
5657,
5659 to
5661,
5671,
5672,
5711 to
5713,
5731, and
5751 of this title, repealing sections
3821,
5658, and
5732 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections
5632,
5633, and
5638 of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1977’.”
Short Title
Pub. L. 93–415, § 1, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1109, provided:
“That this Act [enacting this chapter, sections
3772 to
3774, and
3821 of this title, and sections
4351 to
4353,
5038 to
5042 of Title
18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amending sections
3701,
3723,
3733,
3768,
3811 to
3814,
3882,
3883 and
3888 of this title,
section 5108 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and sections
5031 to
5037 of Title
18, and repealing
section 3889 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 301, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1129, as amended by Pub. L. 96–509, § 18(b), Dec. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 2762, provided that:
“This title [enacting subchapter III of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Runaway and Homeless Youth Act’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title IV, § 401, as added by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 660, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2125, as amended by Pub. L. 101–204, title X, § 1004(1), Dec. 7, 1990, 103 Stat. 1828, provided that:
“This title [enacting subchapter IV of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Missing Children’s Assistance Act’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title V, § 501, as added by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12222(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1894, provided that:
“This title [enacting subchapter V of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act of 2002’.”
A prior section 501 of title V of Pub. L. 93–415, as added by Pub. L. 102–586, § 5(a), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5027, provided that title V (enacting subchapter V of this chapter) could be cited as the “Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act”, prior to the general amendment of title V of Pub. L. 93–415 by Pub. L. 107–273, § 12222(a).
Another section 501 of Pub. L. 93–415, title V, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1133, amended section 5031 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
Pub. L. 108–21, title III, § 361, Apr. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 665, provided that:
“This subtitle [subtitle D (§§ 361–363) of title III of
Pub. L. 108–21, enacting part B of subchapter VI of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Code Adam Act of 2003’.”