L3C

Low-profit limited liability companies (L3C) are business entities created mainly for charitable reasons, permitted in eight states and Puerto Rico. The entities are required to register with the appropriate state agencies and pursue their chosen charitable ends. However, L3Cs can make a profit for their owners as long as the charitable goals come first, unlike non-profit corporations. For example, investors could use an L3C to invent a new type of solar panel that could revolutionize clean energy while eventually making a profit. L3Cs also allow the owners to retain the benefits of the limited liability company (LLC) form. L3Cs are subject to the same requirements of management, filings, and taxes of any LLC, but may have to provide evidence of their charitable activities. Given that the entities can make a profit, L3Cs must pay taxes and contributions to them cannot be deducted from taxes. Many individuals create L3Cs as an avenue for their foundations to meet program-related investment (PRI) requirements. Foundations often use the tax-beneficial tool of PRI to invest in charities, but they may face hurdles in proving that the investment meets the requirements to receive the beneficial tax treatment. 

[Last reviewed in September of 2026 by the Wex Definitions Team]

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