probation
Probation is a criminal sentence that allows a convicted defendant to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in jail or prison. A court imposes specific conditions during the probation period, which may include reporting to a probation officer, avoiding further offenses, staying away from victims, and completing community service. If the defendant fulfills these conditions, the sentence may be completed without incarceration. Violation of probation terms may lead to revocation and the imposition of the original jail or prison sentence. Probation is generally granted to first-time or low-risk offenders as an alternative to incarceration; and may accompany a suspended sentence, a fine, or restitution to victims. Procedures and conditions vary by jurisdiction and are governed by state law in most cases, or by federal law when imposed in federal court.
[Last reviewed in October of 2025 by the Wex Definitions Team]
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