49 CFR § 172.102 - Special provisions.
(a) General. When column 7 of the § 172.101 table refers to a special provision for a hazardous material, the meaning and requirements of that provision are as set forth in this section. When a special provision specifies packaging or packaging requirements—
(1) The special provision is in addition to the standard requirements for all packagings prescribed in § 173.24 of this subchapter and any other applicable packaging requirements in subparts A and B of part 173 of this subchapter; and
(2) To the extent a special provision imposes limitations or additional requirements on the packaging provisions set forth in column 8 of the § 172.101 table, packagings must conform to the requirements of the special provision.
(b) Description of codes for special provisions. Special provisions contain packaging provisions, prohibitions, exceptions from requirements for particular quantities or forms of materials and requirements or prohibitions applicable to specific modes of transportation, as follows:
(1) A code consisting only of numbers (for example, “11”) is multi-modal in application and may apply to bulk and non-bulk packagings.
(2) A code containing the letter “A” refers to a special provision which applies only to transportation by aircraft.
(3) A code containing the letter “B” refers to a special provision that applies only to bulk packaging requirements. Unless otherwise provided in this subchapter, these special provisions do not apply to UN, IM Specification portable tanks or IBCs.
(4) A code containing the letters “IB” or “IP” refers to a special provision that applies only to transportation in IBCs.
(5) A code containing the letter “N” refers to a special provision which applies only to non-bulk packaging requirements.
(6) A code containing the letter “R” refers to a special provision which applies only to transportation by rail.
(7) A code containing the letter “T” refers to a special provision which applies only to transportation in UN or IM Specification portable tanks.
(8) A code containing the letters “TP” refers to a portable tank special provision for UN or IM Specification portable tanks that is in addition to those provided by the portable tank instructions or the requirements in part 178 of this subchapter.
(9) A code containing the letter “W” refers to a special provision that applies only to transportation by water.
(c) Tables of special provisions. The following tables list, and set forth the requirements of, the special provisions referred to in column 7 of the § 172.101 table.
(1) Numeric provisions. These provisions are multi-modal and apply to bulk and non-bulk packagings:
(2) “A” codes. These provisions apply only to transportation by aircraft:
(3) “B” codes. These provisions apply only to bulk packagings. Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, these special provisions do not apply to UN portable tanks or IBCs:
Table I—Maximum Ambient Temperature—Gasoline
ASTM D439 volatility class | Maximum lading and ambient temperature (see note 1) |
---|---|
A | 131 °F |
(RVP ≤ 9.0 psia) | |
B | 124 °F |
(RVP ≤ 10.0 psia) | |
C | 116 °F |
(RVP ≤ 11.5 psia) | |
D | 107 °F |
(RVP ≤ 13.5 psia) | |
E | 100 °F |
(RVP ≤ 15.0 psia) |
Note 1: Based on maximum lading pressure of 1 psig at top of cargo tank.
(4) IB Codes and IP Codes. These provisions apply only to transportation in IBCs and Large Packagings. Table 1 authorizes IBCs for specific proper shipping names through the use of IB Codes assigned in the § 172.101 table of this subchapter. Table 2 defines IP Codes on the use of IBCs that are assigned to specific commodities in the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter. Table 3 authorizes Large Packagings for specific proper shipping names through the use of IB Codes assigned in the § 172.101 table of this subchapter. Large Packagings are authorized for the Packing Group III entries of specific proper shipping names when either special provision IB3 or IB8 is assigned to that entry in the § 172.101 Table. When no IB code is assigned in the § 172.101 Table for a specific proper shipping name, or in § 173.185 or § 173.225(e) Organic Peroxide Table for Type F organic peroxides, use of an IBC or Large Packaging for the material may be authorized when approved by the Associate Administrator. The letter “Z” shown in the marking code for composite IBCs must be replaced with a capital code letter designation found in § 178.702(a)(2) of this subchapter to specify the material used for the other packaging. Tables 1, 2, and 3 follow:
Table 1—IB Codes (IBC Codes)
IBC code | Authorized IBCs |
---|---|
IB1 |
|
|
|
IB2 |
|
|
|
IB3 |
|
|
|
IB4 |
|
IB5 |
|
IB6 |
|
|
|
IB7 |
|
|
|
IB8 |
|
IB9 | IBCs are only authorized if approved by the Associate Administrator. |
Table 2—IP Codes
IP code | |
---|---|
IP1 | IBCs must be packed in closed freight containers or a closed transport vehicle. |
IP2 | When IBCs other than metal or rigid plastics IBCs are used, they must be offered for transportation in a closed freight container or a closed transport vehicle. |
IP3 | Flexible IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or must be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner. |
IP4 | Flexible, fiberboard or wooden IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner. |
IP5 | IBCs must have a device to allow venting. The inlet to the venting device must be located in the vapor space of the IBC under maximum filling conditions. |
IP6 | Non-specification bulk bins are authorized. |
IP7 | For UN identification numbers 1327, 1363, 1364, 1365, 1386, 1408, 1841, 2211, 2217, 2793 and 3314, IBCs are not required to meet the IBC performance tests specified in part 178, subpart N, of this subchapter. |
IP8 | Ammonia solutions may be transported in rigid or composite plastic IBCs (31H1, 31H2 and 31HZ1) that have successfully passed, without leakage or permanent deformation, the hydrostatic test specified in § 178.814 of this subchapter at a test pressure that is not less than 1.5 times the vapor pressure of the contents at 55 °C (131 °F). |
IP13 | Transportation by vessel in IBCs is prohibited. |
IP14 | Air must be eliminated from the vapor space by nitrogen or other means. |
IP15 For UN2031 with more than 55% nitric acid, the permitted use of rigid plastic IBCs, and the inner receptacle of composite IBCs with rigid plastics, shall be two years from their date of manufacture. | |
IP19 | For UN identification numbers 3531, 3532, 3533, and 3534, IBCs must be designed and constructed to permit the release of gas or vapor to prevent a build-up of pressure that could rupture the IBCs in the event of loss of stabilization. |
IP20 | Dry sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide is also permitted in siftproof, water-resistant, fiberboard IBCs when transported in closed freight containers or transport vehicles. |
IP21 | When transported by vessel, flexible, fiberboard or wooden IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner. |
IP22 UN3550 may be transported in flexible IBCs (13H3 or 13H4) with sift-proof liners to prevent any egress of dust during transport. |
Table 3—IB Codes
[Large packaging authorizations]
IB3 | Authorized Large Packagings (LIQUIDS)
(PG III materials only) 2 |
---|---|
Inner packagings: | Large outer packagings: |
Glass 10 liter | steel (50A). |
Plastics 30 liter | aluminum (50B). |
Metal 40 liter | metal other than steel or aluminum (50N). |
rigid plastics (50H). | |
natural wood (50C). | |
plywood (50D). | |
reconstituted wood (50F). | |
rigid fiberboard (50G). |
IB8 | Authorized Large Packagings (SOLIDS)
(PG III materials only) 2 |
---|---|
Inner packagings: | Large outer packagings: |
Glass 10 kg | steel (50A). |
Plastics 50 kg | aluminum (50B). |
Metal 50 kg | metal other than steel or aluminum (50N). |
Paper 50 kg | flexible plastics (51H). 1 |
Fiber 50 kg | rigid plastics (50H). |
natural wood (50C). | |
plywood (50D). | |
reconstituted wood (50F). | |
rigid fiberboard (50G). |
1 Flexible plastic (51H) Large Packagings are only authorized for use with flexible inner packagings.
2 Except when authorized under Special Provision 41.
(5) “N” codes. These provisions apply only to non-bulk packagings:
(6) “R” codes. These provisions apply only to transportation by rail.
R1 A person who offers for transportation tank cars containing sulfur, molten or residue of sulfur, molten may reference the Sulfur Institute's, “Molten Sulphur Rail Tank Car Guidance document” (see § 171.7 of this subchapter) to identify tank cars that may pose a risk in transportation due to the accumulation of formed, solid sulfur on the outside of the tank.
(7) “T” codes.
(i) These provisions apply to the transportation of hazardous materials in UN portable tanks. Portable tank instructions specify the requirements applicable to a portable tank when used for the transportation of a specific hazardous material. These requirements must be met in addition to the design and construction specifications in part 178 of this subchapter. Portable tank instructions T1 through T22 specify the applicable minimum test pressure, the minimum shell thickness (in reference steel), bottom opening requirements and pressure relief requirements. Liquefied compressed gases are assigned to portable tank instruction T50. Refrigerated liquefied gases that are authorized to be transported in portable tanks are specified in tank instruction T75.
(ii) The following table specifies the portable tank requirements applicable to “T” Codes T1 through T22. Column 1 specifies the “T” Code. Column 2 specifies the minimum test pressure, in bar (1 bar = 14.5 psig), at which the periodic hydrostatic testing required by § 180.605 of this subchapter must be conducted. Column 3 specifies the section reference for minimum shell thickness or, alternatively, the minimum shell thickness value. Column 4 specifies the applicability of § 178.275(g)(3) of this subchapter for the pressure relief devices. When the word “Normal” is indicated, § 178.275(g)(3) of this subchapter does not apply. Column 5 references applicable requirements for bottom openings in part 178 of this subchapter. “Prohibited” means bottom openings are prohibited, and “Prohibited for liquids” means bottom openings are authorized for solid material only. The table follows:
Table of Portable Tank T Codes T1-T22
[Portable tank codes T1-T22 apply to liquid and solid hazardous materials of Classes 3 through 9 which are transported in portable tanks.]
Portable tank instruction
(1) |
Minimum test pressure (bar)
(2) |
Minimum shell thickness
(in mm-reference steel) ( (3) |
Pressure-relief requirements
( (4) |
Bottom opening
requirements ( (5) |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 1.5 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(2) |
T2 | 1.5 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T3 | 2.65 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(2) |
T4 | 2.65 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T5 | 2.65 | § 178.274(d)(2) | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
T6 | 4 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(2) |
T7 | 4 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T8 | 4 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | Prohibited |
T9 | 4 | 6 mm | Normal | Prohibited for liquids. |
T10 | 4 | 6 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
T11 | 6 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T12 | 6 | § 178.274(d)(2) | § 178.275(g)(3) | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T13 | 6 | 6 mm | Normal | Prohibited |
T14 | 6 | 6 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
T15 | 10 | § 178.274(d)(2) | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T16 | 10 | § 178.274(d)(2) | § 178.275(g)(3) | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T17 | 10 | 6 mm | Normal | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T18 | 10 | 6 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | § 178.275(d)(3) |
T19 | 10 | 6 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
T20 | 10 | 8 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
T21 | 10 | 10 mm | Normal | Prohibited for liquids. § 178.275(d)(2). |
T22 | 10 | 10 mm | § 178.275(g)(3) | Prohibited |
(iii) T50 When portable tank instruction T50 is indicated in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table, the applicable liquefied compressed gas and chemical under pressure descriptions are authorized to be transported in portable tanks in accordance with the requirements of § 173.313 of this subchapter.
(iv) T75. When portable tank instruction T75 is referenced in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table, the applicable refrigerated liquefied gases are authorized to be transported in portable tanks in accordance with the requirements of § 178.277 of this subchapter.
(v) UN and IM portable tank codes/special provisions. When a specific portable tank instruction is specified by a “T” Code in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table for a specific hazardous material, a specification portable tank conforming to an alternative tank instruction may be used if:
(A) The alternative portable tank has a higher or equivalent test pressure (for example, 4 bar when 2.65 bar is specified);
(B) The alternative portable tank has greater or equivalent wall thickness (for example, 10 mm when 6 mm is specified);
(C) The alternative portable tank has a pressure relief device as specified in the “T” Code. If a frangible disc is required in series with the reclosing pressure relief device for the specified portable tank, the alternative portable tank must be fitted with a frangible disc in series with the reclosing pressure relief device; and
(D) With regard to bottom openings—
(1) When two effective means are specified, the alternative portable tank is fitted with bottom openings having two or three effective means of closure or no bottom openings; or
(2) When three effective means are specified, the portable tank has no bottom openings or three effective means of closure; or
(3) When no bottom openings are authorized, the alternative portable tank must not have bottom openings.
(vi) Except when an organic peroxide is authorized under § 173.225(g), if a hazardous material is not assigned a portable tank “T” Code, the hazardous material may not be transported in a portable tank unless approved by the Associate Administrator.
(8) “TP” codes.
(i) These provisions apply to the transportation of hazardous materials in IM and UN Specification portable tanks. Portable tank special provisions are assigned to certain hazardous materials to specify requirements that are in addition to those provided by the portable tank instructions or the requirements in part 178 of this subchapter. Portable tank special provisions are designated with the abbreviation TP (tank provision) and are assigned to specific hazardous materials in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table.
(ii) The following is a list of the portable tank special provisions:
TP1 The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following:
TP2 a. The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following:
b. For liquids transported under ambient conditions α may be calculated using the formula:
TP3 The maximum degree of filling (in %) for solids transported above their melting points and for elevated temperature liquids shall be determined by the following:
TP4 The maximum degree of filling for portable tanks must not exceed 90%.
TP5 For a portable tank used for the transport of flammable refrigerated liquefied gases or refrigerated liquefied oxygen, the maximum rate at which the portable tank may be filled must not exceed the liquid flow capacity of the primary pressure relief system rated at a pressure not exceeding 120 percent of the portable tank's design pressure. For portable tanks used for the transport of refrigerated liquefied helium and refrigerated liquefied atmospheric gas (except oxygen), the maximum rate at which the tank is filled must not exceed the liquid flow capacity of the pressure relief device rated at 130 percent of the portable tank's design pressure. Except for a portable tank containing refrigerated liquefied helium, a portable tank shall have an outage of at least two percent below the inlet of the pressure relief device or pressure control valve, under conditions of incipient opening, with the portable tank in a level attitude. No outage is required for helium.
TP6 The tank must be equipped with a pressure release device which prevent a tank from bursting under fire engulfment conditions (the conditions prescribed in CGA pamphlet S-1.2 (see § 171.7 of this subchapter) or alternative conditions approved by the Associate Administrator may be used to consider the fire engulfment condition), taking into account the properties of the hazardous material to be transported.
TP7 The vapor space must be purged of air by nitrogen or other means.
TP8 A portable tank having a minimum test pressure of 1.5 bar (150 kPa) may be used when the flash point of the hazardous material transported is greater than 0 °C (32 °F).
TP9 A hazardous material assigned to special provision TP9 in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table may only be transported in a portable tank if approved by the Associate Administrator.
TP10 A lead lining, not less than 5 mm thick, which shall be tested annually, or another suitable lining material approved by the competent authority, is required. A portable tank may be offered for transport after the date of expiry of the last lining inspection for a period not to exceed three months for purposes of performing the next required test or inspection, after emptying but before cleaning.
TP12 This material is considered highly corrosive to steel.
TP13 Self-contained breathing apparatus must be provided when this hazardous material is transported by sea.
TP16 The portable tank must be protected against over and under pressurization which may be experienced during transportation. The means of protection must be approved by the approval agency designated to approve the portable tank in accordance with the procedures in part 107, subpart E, of this subchapter. The pressure relief device must be preceded by a frangible disk in accordance with the requirements in § 178.275(g)(3) of this subchapter to prevent crystallization of the product in the pressure relief device.
TP17 Only inorganic non-combustible materials may be used for thermal insulation of the tank.
TP18 The temperature of this material must be maintained between 18 °C (64.4 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F) while in transportation. Portable tanks containing solidified methacrylic acid must not be reheated during transportation.
TP19 The calculated wall thickness must be increased by 3 mm at the time of construction. Wall thickness must be verified ultrasonically at intervals midway between periodic hydraulic tests (every 2.5 years). The portable tank must not be used if the wall thickness is less than that prescribed by the applicable T code in Column (7) of the Table for this material.
TP20 This hazardous material must only be transported in insulated tanks under a nitrogen blanket.
TP21 The wall thickness must not be less than 8 mm. Portable tanks must be hydraulically tested and internally inspected at intervals not exceeding 2.5 years.
TP22 Lubricants for portable tank fittings (for example, gaskets, shut-off valves, flanges) must be oxygen compatible.
TP24 The portable tank may be fitted with a device to prevent the build up of excess pressure due to the slow decomposition of the hazardous material being transported. The device must be in the vapor space when the tank is filled under maximum filling conditions. This device must also prevent an unacceptable amount of leakage of liquid in the case of overturning.
TP25 Sulphur trioxide 99.95% pure and above may be transported in tanks without an inhibitor provided that it is maintained at a temperature equal to or above 32.5 °C (90.5 °F).
TP26 The heating device must be exterior to the shell. For UN 3176, this requirement only applies when the hazardous material reacts dangerously with water.
TP27 A portable tank having a minimum test pressure of 4 bar (400 kPa) may be used provided the calculated test pressure is 4 bar or less based on the MAWP of the hazardous material, as defined in § 178.275 of this subchapter, where the test pressure is 1.5 times the MAWP.
TP28 A portable tank having a minimum test pressure of 2.65 bar (265 kPa) may be used provided the calculated test pressure is 2.65 bar or less based on the MAWP of the hazardous material, as defined in § 178.275 of this subchapter, where the test pressure is 1.5 times the MAWP.
TP29 A portable tank having a minimum test pressure of 1.5 bar (150.0 kPa) may be used provided the calculated test pressure is 1.5 bar or less based on the MAWP of the hazardous materials, as defined in § 178.275 of this subchapter, where the test pressure is 1.5 times the MAWP.
TP30 This hazardous material may only be transported in insulated tanks.
TP31 This hazardous material may only be transported in tanks in the solid state.
TP32 Portable tanks may be used subject to the following conditions:
a. Each portable tank constructed of metal must be fitted with a pressure-relief device consisting of a reclosing spring loaded type, a frangible disc or a fusible element. The set to discharge for the spring loaded pressure relief device and the burst pressure for the frangible disc, as applicable, must not be greater than 2.65 bar for portable tanks with minimum test pressures greater than 4 bar;
b. The suitability for transport in tanks must be demonstrated using test 8(d) in Test Series 8 (see UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part 1, Sub-section 18.7) (IBR, see § 171.7 of this subchapter) or an alternative means approved by the Associate Administrator.
TP33 The portable tank instruction assigned for this substance applies for granular and powdered solids and for solids which are filled and discharged at temperatures above their melting point which are cooled and transported as a solid mass. Solid substances transported or offered for transport above their melting point are authorized for transportation in portable tanks conforming to the provisions of portable tank instruction T4 for solid substances of packing group III or T7 for solid substances of packing group II, unless a tank with more stringent requirements for minimum shell thickness, maximum allowable working pressure, pressure-relief devices or bottom outlets are assigned in which case the more stringent tank instruction and special provisions shall apply. Filling limits must be in accordance with portable tank special provision TP3. Solids meeting the definition of an elevated temperature material must be transported in accordance with the applicable requirements of this subchapter.
TP36 For material assigned this portable tank special provision, portable tanks used to transport such material may be equipped with fusible elements in the vapor space of the portable tank.
TP37 IM portable tanks are only authorized for the shipment of hydrogen peroxide solutions in water containing 72% or less hydrogen peroxide by weight. Pressure relief devices shall be designed to prevent the entry of foreign matter, the leakage of liquid and the development of any dangerous excess pressure. In addition, the portable tank must be designed so that internal surfaces may be effectively cleaned and passivated. Each tank must be equipped with pressure relief devices conforming to the following requirements:
Concentration of hydrogen per peroxide solution | Total 1 |
---|---|
52% or less | 11 |
Over 52%, but not greater than 60% | 22 |
Over 60%, but not greater than 72% | 32 |
1 Total venting capacity in standard cubic feet hour (S.C.F.H.) per pound of hydrogen peroxide solution.
TP38 Each portable tank must be insulated with an insulating material so that the overall thermal conductance at 15.5 °C (60 °F) is no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour per square foot per degree Fahrenheit) temperature differential. Insulating materials may not promote corrosion to steel when wet.
TP39 [Reserved]
TP40 The portable tank must not be transported when connected with spray application equipment.
TP41 [Reserved]
TP44 Each portable tank must be made of stainless steel, except that steel other than stainless steel may be used in accordance with the provisions of § 173.24b(b) of this subchapter. Thickness of stainless steel for tank shell and heads must be the greater of 7.62 mm (0.300 inch) or the thickness required for a portable tank with a design pressure at least equal to 1.5 times the vapor pressure of the hazardous material at 46 °C (115 °F).
TP45 Each portable tank must be made of stainless steel, except that steel other than stainless steel may be used in accordance with the provisions of 173.24b(b) of this subchapter. Thickness of stainless steel for portable tank shells and heads must be the greater of 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) or the thickness required for a portable tank with a design pressure at least equal to 1.3 times the vapor pressure of the hazardous material at 46 °C (115 °F).
TP46 Portable tanks in sodium metal service are not required to be hydrostatically retested.
TP47 The 2.5 year internal examination may be waived or substituted by other test methods or inspection procedures specified by the competent authority or its authorized body, provided that the portable tank is dedicated to the transport of the organometallic substances to which this tank special provision is assigned. However this examination is required when the conditions of § 180.605(f) are met.
TP48 The use of IM 101 and 102 portable tanks when transported in accordance with IME Standard 23 (IBR, see § 171.7 of this subchapter).
(9) “W” codes. These provisions apply only to transportation by water: