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Department of Agriculture (USDA)

The United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA") is the United States federal executive agency responsible for the execution of U.S. federal government policy regarding farming, agriculture, and food. President Abraham Lincoln signed into law an act of Congress establishing the United States Department of Agriculture in 1862.

Department of Commerce (DOC)

The Department of Commerce (DOC) is an executive agency of the U.S. government charged with fostering, serving, and promoting economic development and technological advancement in the United States. On February 14, 1903, the U.S. Department of Commerce and Labor was established. On March 4, 1913, it was renamed the Department of Commerce, as the bureaus and offices specialized in labor were moved to the new Department of Labor.

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takings

A taking occurs when the government seizes private property for public use. It may be a physical taking, where the government occupies or acquires the property, or a regulatory taking, where government restrictions limit property use so severely that it becomes the equivalent of a physical seizure.

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