Ariz. Admin. Code § R18-2-1006 - Emissions Test Procedures

A. Each vehicle inspected at a state station shall be visually inspected before the emissions test for the following unsafe or untestable conditions:

1. A fuel leak that causes wetness or pooling of fuel;

2. A continuous engine or transmission oil leak onto the floor;

3. A continuous engine coolant leak onto the floor such that the engine is overheating or may overheat within a short time;

4. A vehicle with a tire on a driving wheel with less than 2/32-inch tread, with metal protuberances, unmatched tire size, with obviously low tire pressure as determined by visual inspection, or any other condition that precludes a loaded test for reasons of personnel, equipment, or vehicle safety;

5. An exhaust pipe that does not exit the rear or side of the vehicle to allow for safe exhaust probe insertion;

6. An exhaust pipe on a diesel-powered vehicle that does not allow for safe exhaust probe insertion and attachment of opacity meter sensor units;

7. Improperly operating brakes;

8. Any vehicle modification or mechanical condition that prevents dynamometer operation; and

9. Any other condition deemed unsafe or untestable by the inspector, including loud internal engine noise or an obvious exhaust leak.

B. A vehicle emissions inspection shall not be performed by an official emissions inspection station on any vehicle towing a heavily loaded trailer, carrying a heavy load, loaded with explosives, or loaded with any hazardous material not used as fuel for the vehicle.

C. Any vehicle unsafe or otherwise untestable as determined by the visual inspection shall be rejected without an emissions test. The inspector shall notify the vehicle owner or operator of all unsafe conditions found on rejected vehicles. The state station shall not charge a fee if the vehicle is rejected. The contractor shall not conduct an emissions test on a vehicle rejected for a safety reason or any other untestable condition until the cause for rejection is repaired.

D. When conducting the emissions test required by this Section, the vehicle emissions inspector shall meet all of the following requirements:

1. The vehicle shall be tested in the condition presented, unless rejected under subsection (A), (B), or (C). The vehicle's engine shall be operating at normal temperature and not be overheating as indicated by a gauge, warning light, or boiling radiator. All of the vehicle's accessories shall be turned off during testing.

2. A vehicle designed to operate with more than one fuel shall be tested on the fuel in use when the vehicle is presented for inspection, except alternative fuel vehicles, as defined in A.R.S. § 43-1086 . The inspector shall test the alternative fuel vehicle on each fuel for which it is intended to operate, using the appropriate emissions test procedure and standards for that vehicle. The alternative fuel vehicle shall:

a. Be operated a minimum of 30 seconds before testing, after switching fuels;

b. Be rejected if it is not able to operate on both fuels; and

c. Be rejected if the vehicle operator cannot switch fuels.

3. A vehicle operated exclusively on propane or natural gas, as defined in A.R.S. § 1-215, shall be exempt from the gas cap and evaporative pressure testing described in subsection (E)(6)(b)(ii), (E)(7)(a), and (F)(7)(a).

E. In area A, the inspection test procedures for a vehicle other than a diesel-powered vehicle or a vehicle held for resale by a fleet-licensed motor vehicle dealer shall consist of the following:

1. A vehicle manufactured with a model year of 1967 through 1980, a nonexempt vehicle with a GVWR greater than 8,500 pounds, and a reconstructed vehicle, except a motorcycle and a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, is required to annually take and pass a loaded cruise test and a curb idle test, as follows:

a. Loaded cruise test. The vehicle's drive wheels shall be placed on a dynamometer and the vehicle shall be operated according to Table 1 of this Article, in drive for automatic transmission or second or higher gear for manual transmission. Overdrive shall not be used for testing. All vehicles shall be driven by the inspector during testing. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 90 seconds, whichever occurs first. After exhaust emissions are recorded, engine speed shall be returned to idle for a curb idle test.

b. Curb idle test. The test shall be performed with the vehicle in neutral for 1981 and newer vehicles. For 1980 and older vehicles, the test shall be performed in neutral, except that if the vehicle has an automatic transmission, drive shall be used. Engine RPM shall be within [DAGGER] 100 RPM of the manufacturer's specified idle RPM. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 90 seconds, whichever occurs first. A CO2 plus CO reading of 6% or greater shall be registered to establish test validity. A CO2 plus CO reading of less than 6% shall be proof of exhaust sample dilution and the vehicle shall be rejected from further emissions inspection until repaired, except when tested at a fleet emissions inspection station.

c. Exhaust sampling for a vehicle required to take an annual emissions test under subsection (E)(1) shall comply with subsection (F)(8).

2. A vehicle with a 1981 or newer model year and a GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less, except a motorcycle, a reconstructed vehicle, a 1996 or newer OBD-equipped vehicle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, is required to biennially take and pass a transient loaded emissions test and an evaporative system pressure test as follows:

a. The transient loaded emissions test shall consist of 147 seconds of mass emissions measurement using a constant volume sampler while the vehicle is driven by an inspector through a computer-monitored driving cycle on a dynamometer with inertial weight settings appropriate for the weight of the vehicle. The driving cycle shall include the acceleration, deceleration, and idle operating modes described in Table 4. The 147 second sequence may be ended earlier using a fast pass or fast fail algorithm. A retest algorithm shall be used to determine if a test failure is due to insufficient vehicle preconditioning. As determined by the retest algorithm, up to two additional tests may be performed on a failing vehicle. Drive shall be used for automatic transmissions and first gear shall be used to begin for manual transmissions. Exhaust emissions concentrations in grams per mile for HC, CO, NOx and CO2 shall be recorded continuously beginning with the first second. The inspector shall reject a vehicle with an audible or visible exhaust leak from emissions testing.

b. The evaporative system pressure test shall consist of the following steps in sequence:

i. Connect the test equipment to either the fuel tank vent hose at the canister or the fuel tank filler neck. The gas cap shall be checked to determine that cap leakage does not exceed 60 cubic centimeters of air per minute at a pressure of 30 inches of water gauge;

ii. Pressurize the system to 14 [DAGGER] 0.5 inches of water without exceeding 26 inches of water system pressure;

iii. Close off the pressure source, seal the evaporative system, and monitor pressure decay for no more than two minutes.

c. For a vehicle requiring a transient loaded emissions test under subsection (E)(2)(a), all testing and test equipment shall conform to "IM240 & Evap Technical Guidance," EPA420-R-98-010, EPA, August 1998, incorporated by reference, and no future editions or amendments, except that the transient driving cycle in Table 4 of this Article shall be used. A copy of the incorporated material is on file with the Department and the Secretary of State, and may be obtained at EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-2498.

3. A vehicle with a 1996 or newer model year and a GVWR of 8500 pounds or less, except a motorcycle or a reconstructed vehicle, is required to biennially take and pass an OBD test and a functional gas cap test as follows:

a. The OBD test shall consist of:

i. A visual inspection of the MIL function; and

ii. An electronic examination of the OBD computer by connecting a scan tool to the data link connector and interrogating the OBD system to determine vehicle readiness status, MIL status, and presence of diagnostic trouble codes.

b. The OBD test and test equipment shall conform to "Performing Onboard Diagnostic System Checks as Part of a Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program," EPA420-R-01-015, EPA, June 2001, incorporated by reference, and no future editions or amendments. A copy of this incorporated material is on file with the Department and the Secretary of State, and may be obtained at the EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105-2498; and

c. The functional gas cap test shall comply with subsection (E)(7)(a).

4. A motorcycle, or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle except one requiring an OBD emissions test under subsection (E)(3), shall take and pass only a curb idle test according to subsection (F)(1). An all-terrain vehicle (ATV), as defined in A.R.S. § 28-101, shall be tested as a motorcycle.

5. A vehicle with a 1975 or newer model year is required to take and pass a liquid fuel leak inspection annually or biennially according to subsections (E)(1) or (2) as follows:

a. For purposes of this subsection, "liquid fuel leak" means any fuel emanating from a vehicle's fuel delivery, metering or evaporation systems in liquid form that has created a visible drop or more of fuel on, around, or under a component of a vehicle's fuel delivery, metering, or evaporation system.

b. With the engine running, the vehicle emissions inspector shall visually inspect the following components of the vehicle, if they are exposed and visually accessible, for liquid fuel leaks:

i. Gasoline fuel tanks;

ii. Gasoline fill pipes, associated hoses and fuel tank connections;

iii. Gas caps;

iv. External fuel pumps;

v. Fuel delivery and return lines and hoses;

vi. Fuel filters;

vii. Carburetors;

viii. Fuel injectors;

ix. Fuel pressure regulators;

x. Charcoal canisters; and

xi. Fuel vapor hoses.

xii. Any valves connected to any other fuel evaporative component.

c. The liquid fuel leak inspection required by this subsection is a visual inspection only. The vehicle emissions inspector is not required to perform any disassembly of the vehicle to inspect for liquid fuel leaks. No special tools or equipment, other than a flashlight and mirror, are required and no raising, hoisting, or lifting of the vehicle is required.

d. The vehicle emissions inspector shall indicate on the vehicle inspection report the location of any liquid fuel leak.

e. Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit a vehicle emissions inspector from refusing to inspect a vehicle under subsections (A), (B), or (C) or from terminating an inspection if a liquid fuel leak presents a safety hazard.

f. A vehicle operated exclusively by compressed natural gas (CNG), liquid natural gas (LNG), or liquid petroleum gas (LPG) shall be exempt from the liquid fuel leak inspection.

6. The emissions pass-fail determination for a vehicle tested under subsection (E) shall be made as follows:

a. A vehicle tested under subsection (E)(1), that does not exceed the loaded cruise mode or curb idle mode HC and CO emissions standards listed in Table 2 for the vehicle, complies with the emissions standards in Table 2. The loaded cruise test standards in Table 2 apply to a fleet vehicle tested with the 2,500 RPM unloaded fast idle test under R18-2-1019(E) .

b. A vehicle tested under subsection (E)(2) shall meet the standards in Table 3 and pass the evaporative system pressure test as follows:

i. Table 3 Standards. A vehicle shall meet either the composite standard for the whole test or the phase 2 standard for seconds 65 to 146. The Department may implement a testing algorithm for fast pass, fast fail, or both, provided that the algorithm is reliable in accurately predicting the final outcome of the entire cycle. A vehicle not meeting either the composite or phase 2 standard shall fail the emissions test.

ii. Evaporative System Pressure Test. A vehicle fails the emissions test if the evaporative system cannot maintain a system pressure above eight inches of water for at least two minutes after being pressurized to 14 [DAGGER] 0.5 inches of water. Additionally, a vehicle fails the evaporative test if the canister is missing or damaged, if a hose or electrical connection is missing, routed incorrectly, or disconnected, according to the vehicle emissions control information label, or if the gas cap is missing.

c. A vehicle that operates on natural gas complies with HC emissions standards if the HC emissions value does not exceed the applicable standard in subsection (E)(6)(a) or (b), if:

i. Multiplied by 0.19, when using an analyzer with a flame ionization detector, or ii. Multiplied by 0.61, when using an NDIR analyzer.

d. A motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, except one requiring an OBD emissions test under subsection (E)(3), that does not exceed the curb idle mode HC and CO emissions standards listed in Table 2 on either the first curb idle test or the second curb idle test passes the emissions test.

e. A vehicle tested under subsection (E)(3) shall:

i. Fail if the data link connector is missing, tampered, or otherwise inoperable during any OBD test;

ii. Fail if the MIL does not illuminate at all when the ignition key is turned to the key on, engine off position, or does not illuminate briefly during engine start during any OBD test;

iii. Fail if the MIL illuminates continuously or flashes after the engine has been started during any OBD test;

iv. Fail if a diagnostic trouble code is present and the MIL status, as indicated by the scan tool, is commanded on during any OBD test.

v. Be rejected from an initial OBD test and required to take and pass a transient loaded test under subsection (E)(2) if the number of unset readiness indicators, excluding continuous indicators, is three or more for a model year 1996-2000 vehicle, or two or more for a model year 2001 and newer vehicle.

vi. Be rejected from an OBD retest if the number of unset readiness indicators, excluding continuous indicators, exceeds the number allowed in subsection (v).

vii. Fail the functional gas cap test if the gas cap does not comply with subsection (E)(7)(a).

f. A vehicle tested under subsection (E)(5) shall fail the inspection if a vehicle emissions inspector detects a liquid fuel leak.

g. A vehicle that exceeds the applicable emissions standards for the tests described in subsections (E)(1) and (E)(2)(a), or fails the OBD test described in subsection (E)(3), fails the emissions test and shall not be reinspected until a low-emissions tune-up is performed as described in R18-2-1010 . A vehicle that fails the evaporative system pressure test described in subsection (E)(2)(b) shall not be reinspected until repaired as required in R18-2-1010(D)(1) and (2) . A vehicle that fails the functional gas cap test described in subsection (E)(7)(a) shall not be reinspected until repaired as required in R18-2-1009(B) . A vehicle that fails the liquid fuel leak test described in subsection (E)(5) shall not be reinspected until repaired as required in R18-2-1010(E) .

7. A vehicle required to take an annual emissions test in area A shall, at the time of the test, undergo a tampering inspection based on the original configuration of the vehicle as manufactured. The applicable emissions system requirements shall be verified by the "VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION" label. A vehicle that fails any portion of the tampering inspection shall be repaired according to R18-2-1009 before reinspection unless the owner provides the written statement required in R18-2-1008(B) . "Original configuration" for a foreign- manufactured vehicle means the design and construction of a vehicle produced by the manufacturer for original entry and sale in the United States. The tampering inspection shall consist of the following:

a. Any vehicle emissions tested, except one with a vented fuel system, shall have a functional test of the gas cap to determine that cap leakage does not exceed 60 cubic centimeters of air per minute at a pressure of 30 inches of water gauge. A vehicle with a vented fuel system shall be checked for the presence of a properly fitting fuel cap.

b. For a 1975 and newer model year vehicle:

i. A visual inspection to determine the presence and proper installation of each required catalytic converter, if applicable;

ii. An examination to determine the presence of an operational air pump, if applicable; and

iii. A visual inspection to determine the presence of an operational positive crankcase ventilation system and evaporative control system, if applicable.

F. In area B, the inspection test procedures for a vehicle other than a diesel-powered vehicle shall consist of the following:

1. An area B vehicle with a model year of 1967 through 1980 shall take and pass only a curb idle test. The curb idle test shall be performed with the vehicle in drive for automatic transmissions or in neutral for manual transmissions. Engine RPM shall be within [DAGGER] 100 RPM of the manufacturer's specified idle RPM. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 30 seconds, whichever occurs first. A CO2 plus CO reading of 6% or greater shall be registered to establish test validity. A CO2 plus CO reading less than 6% shall be proof of exhaust sample dilution and the vehicle shall be rejected from further emissions inspection until repaired, except when tested at a fleet emissions inspection station. If the vehicle fails the curb idle test, and if permitted by the vehicle operator, the vehicle shall be conditioned according to one of the following conditioning procedures:

a. Fast-idle conditioning procedure. The vehicle shall be conditioned by increasing engine speed to 2,500, [DAGGER] 300 RPM, for up to 30 seconds with the transmission in neutral. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 30 seconds, whichever occurs first. The conditioning procedure standards in Table 2 are for diagnostic and advisory information only. After exhaust emissions are recorded, the engine speed shall be returned to curb idle for a second idle test. The fast-idle conditioning procedure may be used on a vehicle at a state station instead of the loaded conditioning procedure if any of the following occurs:

i. The vehicle has a tire on a driving wheel with less than 2/32-inch tread, with metal protuberances, with visibly low tire pressure as determined by visual inspection, or any other condition that precludes loaded conditioning for reasons of personnel, equipment, or vehicle safety;

ii. The vehicle is driven by a person who, because of physical incapacity, is unable to yield the driver's seat to the vehicle emissions inspector;

iii. The driver refuses to yield the driver's seat to the vehicle emissions inspector; or

iv. The vehicle cannot be tested according to Table 1 because of the vehicle's inability to attain the speeds specified.

b. Loaded conditioning procedure. For a vehicle other than a motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, the vehicle's drive wheels shall be placed on a dynamometer and the vehicle shall be operated according to Table 1, in drive for automatic transmission, or second or higher gear for manual transmission. All front wheel drive vehicles shall be driven by the inspector. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 30 seconds, whichever occurs first. The conditioning procedure standards in Table 2 are for diagnostic and advisory information only. After exhaust emissions are recorded, engine speed shall be returned to curb idle for a second idle test.

c. Following one of the conditioning procedures in subsection (F)(1)(a) or (b), the vehicle shall be retested according to the curb idle test procedure in subsection (F)(1).

2. An area B vehicle with a 1981 or newer model year, except a motorcycle, a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, or a 1996 and newer vehicle equipped with OBD, shall take and pass a loaded cruise test and curb idle test, as follows:

a. Loaded Cruise Test. The vehicle's drive wheels shall be placed on a dynamometer and the vehicle shall be operated according to Table 1, in drive for automatic transmission or second or higher gear for manual transmission. Overdrive shall not be used. All front wheel drive vehicles shall be driven by the inspector. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 90 seconds, whichever occurs first. After exhaust emissions are recorded, engine speed shall be returned to idle for a curb idle test.

b. Curb Idle Test. The test shall be performed with the vehicle in neutral. Engine RPM shall be within [DAGGER] 100 RPM of the manufacturer's specified idle RPM. HC and CO exhaust emissions concentrations shall be recorded after readings have stabilized, or at the end of 90 seconds, whichever occurs first. A CO2 plus CO reading of 6% or greater shall be registered to establish test validity, except when tested at a fleet inspection station. A CO2 plus CO reading less than 6% shall be proof of exhaust sample dilution and the vehicle shall be rejected from further emissions inspection until repaired.

3. A vehicle with a model year of 1996 or newer and a GVWR of 8500 pounds or less, except a motorcycle or a reconstructed vehicle, is required to annually take and pass an OBD test and a functional gas cap test as follows:

a. The OBD test shall consist of:

i. A visual inspection of the MIL function; and

ii. An electronic examination of the OBD computer by connecting a scan tool to the data link connector and interrogating the OBD system to determine vehicle readiness status, MIL status, and presence of diagnostic trouble codes;

b. The OBD test and test equipment shall conform to "Performing Onboard Diagnostic System Checks as Part of a Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program," EPA420-R-01-015, EPA, June 2001, incorporated by reference, and no future editions or amendments. A copy of this incorporated material is on file with the Department and the Secretary of State and may be obtained at the EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105-2498; and

c. The functional gas cap test shall comply with subsection (F)(7)(a).

4. A motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, except one requiring an OBD emissions test under subsection (F)(3), shall take and pass only a curb idle test according to subsection (F)(1). An all-terrain vehicle (ATV), as defined in A.R.S. § 28-101, shall be tested as a motorcycle. If the vehicle fails the curb idle test, and if permitted by the vehicle operator, the vehicle shall be conditioned according to the fast idle conditioning procedure required in subsection (F)(1)(a). Following conditioning, the vehicle shall be retested according to the curb idle test procedure in subsection (F)(1).

5. A vehicle with a 1975 or newer model year and annually tested under subsections (F)(1) or (2) is required to take and pass a liquid fuel leak inspection according to subsections (E)(5)(a) through (f).

6. The emissions pass-fail determination shall be made as follows:

a. A vehicle with a model year of 1967 through 1980, except a motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, that does not exceed the curb idle mode HC and CO emissions standards in Table 2 on either the first or second curb idle test, complies with the minimum emissions standards contained in Table 2.

b. A vehicle with a 1981 or newer model year, except a motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, that does not exceed the loaded cruise mode or curb idle mode HC and CO emissions standards listed in Table 2, complies with the minimum emissions standards in Table 2. The loaded cruise test standards specified in Table 2 shall apply to fleet vehicles tested with the 2,500 RPM unloaded fast idle test.

c. A vehicle that operates on natural gas complies with HC emissions standards if the HC emissions value, as determined by an NDIR analyzer, multiplied by 0.61 does not exceed the applicable standard in subsection (F)(6)(a) or (b).

d. A motorcycle or a constant 4-wheel drive vehicle, except one requiring an OBD emissions test under subsection (F)(3), that does not exceed the curb idle mode HC and CO emissions standards in Table 2 on either the first or second curb idle test complies with the minimum emissions standards in Table 2.

e. A vehicle that exceeds the applicable emissions standards, or fails the OBD test described in subsection (F)(3), fails the emissions test and shall have a low emissions tune-up as described in R18-2-1010 before reinspection. A vehicle that fails the functional gas cap test described in subsection (F)(3)(c) shall not be reinspected until repaired as required in R18-2-1009(B) .

f. A vehicle tested under subsection (F)(3) shall:

i. Fail if the data link connector is missing, tampered, or otherwise inoperable during any OBD test;

ii. Fail if the MIL does not illuminate at all when the ignition key is turned to the key on, engine off position, or does not illuminate briefly during engine start during any OBD test;

iii. Fail if the MIL illuminates continuously or flashes after the engine has been started during any OBD test;

iv. Fail if a diagnostic trouble code is present and the MIL status, as indicated by the scan tool, is commanded on during any OBD test;

v. Be rejected from an initial OBD test and required to take and pass a loaded cruise test and curb idle test under subsection (F)(2) if the number of unset readiness indicators, excluding continuous indicators, is three or more for a model year 1996-2000 vehicle, or two or more for a model year 2001 and newer vehicle;

vi. Be rejected from an OBD retest if the number of unset readiness indicators, excluding continuous indicators, exceeds the number allowed in subsection (v); and

vii. Fail the functional gas cap test if the gas cap does not comply with subsection (F)(7)(a).

g. A vehicle tested under subsection (F)(5) shall fail the inspection if a vehicle emissions inspector detects a liquid fuel leak. A vehicle that fails the liquid fuel leak test shall not be reinspected until repaired as required in R18-2-1010(E) .

7. A vehicle required to take an emissions test in area B, except a vehicle required to take an OBD test as described in subsection (F)(3), shall at the time of the test, undergo a tampering inspection based on the original configuration of the vehicle as manufactured. The applicable emissions system requirements shall be verified by the "VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION" label. A vehicle that fails any portion of the tampering inspection shall be repaired according to R18-2-1009 before reinspection unless the owner provides the written statement required in R18-2-1008(B) . "Original configuration" for a foreign manufactured vehicle means the design and construction of a vehicle produced by the manufacturer for original entry and sale in the United States. The tampering inspection shall consist of the following:

a. Any vehicle emissions tested, except one with a vented fuel system, shall have a functional test of the gas cap to determine that cap leakage does not exceed 60 cubic centimeters of air per minute at a pressure of 30 inches of water gauge. A vehicle with a non-sealing gas cap shall be checked for the presence of a properly fitting gas cap.

b. For a 1975 or newer model year vehicle:

i. A visual inspection to determine the presence and proper installation of each required catalytic converter, if applicable;and

ii. An examination to determine the presence of an operational air pump, if applicable.

8. Exhaust sampling in area B shall comply with the following:

a. All CO and HC emissions analyzers shall have water traps incorporated in the sampling lines. Sampling probes shall be capable of taking undiluted exhaust samples from a vehicle exhaust system.

b. A vehicle, other than a diesel-powered vehicle, shall be inspected with a NDIR analyzer capable of determining concentrations of CO and HC within the ranges and tolerances specified in Table 5.

c. A vehicle with multiple exhaust pipes shall be inspected by collecting and averaging samples by one of the following methods:

i. Collect separate samples from each exhaust pipe and use the average concentration to determine the test result;

ii. Use manifold exhaust probes to simultaneously sample approximately equal volumes from each pipe; or

iii. Use manifold exhaust pipe adapters to collect approximately equal volume samples from each pipe.

G. The following apply to all testing under subsection (E) or (F):

1. A rotary piston engine shall be inspected as a 4-stroke engine with four cylinders or less;

2. A turbine engine shall be inspected as a 4-stroke engine with more than four cylinders; and

3. A vehicle in which a diesel engine has been replaced with a gas engine shall be inspected as a gas-powered vehicle of the same vehicle model year. The vehicle shall not pass the inspection unless each catalytic converter, air pump, gas cap, and other emissions control device applicable to the vehicle model year and the same or more recent year engine configuration is properly installed and in operating condition.

H. In area A, the inspection test procedure for a diesel-powered vehicle is as follows:

1. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR greater than 8,500 pounds shall be tested with a procedure that conforms to Society of Automotive Engineers standard J1667, February 1996, incorporated by reference and on file with the Department and the Secretary of State. This incorporation by reference contains no future editions or amendments. A copy of this referenced material may be obtained at Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. The procedure shall utilize the corrections for ambient test conditions in Appendix B of J1667 for all tests. The test results shall be reported as the percentage of smoke opacity. Emissions pass-fail determinations are as follows:

a. A vehicle powered by a 1991 or later model year diesel engine fails if the J1667 final test result is greater than 40%, unless the engine family is exempted from the 40% standard under subsection (H)(1)(e);

b. A vehicle powered by a pre-1991 model year diesel engine fails if the J1667 final test result is greater than 55%, unless the engine family is exempted from the 55% standard under subsection (H)(1)(e);

c. The engine model year is determined by the emission control label. If the emission control label is missing, illegible, or incorrect, the test standard shall be 40%, unless a correct, legible, emission control label replacement is attached to the vehicle within 30 days of the inspection;

d. A vehicle that exceeds the opacity standard in subsection (H)(1)(a) or (b) fails the emissions test. Before reinspection, the vehicle shall have a low emissions tune-up as described in R18-2-1010(H) ;

e. The Director shall exempt any engine family from the standards in subsections (H)(1)(a) or (b) if the engine manufacturer demonstrates either of the following:

i. The engine family exhibits smoke opacity greater than the standard when in good operating condition and adjusted to the manufacturer's specifications. The Director shall identify a technologically appropriate less stringent standard based on a review of data obtained from engines in good operating condition and adjusted to manufacturer's specifications; or

ii. The engine family is exempted from an equivalent standard based on J1667 by the executive officer of the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The Director shall allow the engine family to comply with any technologically appropriate less stringent standard identified by the executive officer of CARB; and

f. A demonstration under subsection (H)(1)(e)(i) shall be based on data from at least three vehicles. Data from official inspections under subsection (H)(1) showing that vehicles in the engine family meet the standard may be used to rebut the demonstration. The Director shall implement any new standard resulting from each exemption as soon as practicable for all subsequent tests and provide notice at all affected test stations and fleets.

2. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR greater than 4,000 pounds and less than or equal to 8,500 pounds shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of 30 HP, [DAGGER] 2 HP, while operated at 50 MPH. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR of 4,000 pounds or less shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of between 6.4 - 8.4 HP while operated at 30 MPH. For all diesel-powered vehicles with a GVWR less than or equal to 8,500 pounds:

a. The emissions pass-fail determination shall be made as follows:

i. The opacity reading for a period of 10 consecutive seconds with the engine under applicable loading shall be compared to the opacity standard in R18-2-1030(B) . A vehicle that does not exceed the applicable opacity standard in R18-2-1030(B) complies with the minimum emissions standards.

ii. A vehicle that exceeds the applicable opacity standard fails the emissions test. Before reinspection, the vehicle shall have a low emissions tune-up as described in R18-2-1010 .

b. Exhaust sampling shall comply with the following:

i. For a diesel-powered vehicle equipped with multiple pipes, separate measurements shall be made on each exhaust pipe. The reading taken from the exhaust pipe that has the highest opacity reading shall be used for comparison with the applicable emissions standard.

ii. A vehicle shall be inspected with either a full-flow or sampling-type opacity meter. The opacity meter shall be a direct reading, continuous reading light extinction-type using a collimated light source and photo-electric cell, accurate to a value within [DAGGER] 5% of filter value.

I. In area B, the inspection test procedure for a diesel-powered vehicle is as follows:

1. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR greater than 26,000 pounds or having tandem axles shall be tested according to one of the following methods:

a. The vehicle shall be tested on a chassis dynamometer beginning with no power absorption by selecting a gear ratio that produces a maximum vehicle speed of 30-35 MPH at governed or maximum rated RPM. If the vehicle has a manual transmission or an automatic transmission with individual gear selection, the engine shall be operated at governed or maximum rated engine RPM, at normal operating temperature under a power absorption load applied to the dynamometer until the loading reduces the engine RPM to 80% of the governed speed at wide-open throttle position. If the vehicle has an automatic transmission and automatic gear kickdown, the engine shall be loaded to a speed just above the kickdown speed or 80% of the governed speed, whichever is greater. If the chassis dynamometer does not have enough horsepower absorption capability to lug the engine down to these speeds, the vehicle's brakes may be used to assist the dynamometer. b. If a chassis dynamometer is not available, the vehicle shall be tested by being lugged by its own brakes by selecting a gear ratio that produces a maximum speed of 10-15 MPH at governed engine RPM or maximum rated RPM and then loading the engine by applying the brakes until the engine RPM is lugged down to 80% of the governed or maximum rated RPM at wide-open throttle position. If the vehicle does not have a tachometer, the vehicle may be loaded to 80% of governed or maximum rated speed.

2. A diesel-powered vehicle without tandem axles and having a GVWR greater than 10,500 pounds and less than or equal to 26,000 pounds shall be tested according to one of the following methods:

a. The vehicle shall be tested on a chassis dynamometer beginning with no power absorption by selecting a gear ratio that produces a maximum vehicle speed of 30-35 MPH at governed or maximum rated RPM. If the vehicle has a manual transmission or an automatic transmission with individual gear selection, the engine shall be operated at governed or maximum rated engine RPM, at normal operating temperature under a power absorption load applied to the dynamometer until such loading reduces the engine RPM to 80% of the governed speed at wide-open throttle position. If the vehicle has an automatic transmission and automatic gear kickdown, the engine shall be loaded to a speed just above the kickdown speed or 80% of governed speed, whichever is greater. If the chassis dynamometer does not have enough horsepower absorption capability to lug the engine down to these speeds, the vehicle's brakes may be used to assist the dynamometer;

b. The vehicle shall be tested by applying a single load of 30 HP, [DAGGER] 2 HP, while operated at 50 MPH; or

c. The vehicle shall be tested by being lugged by its own brakes by selecting a gear ratio that produces a maximum speed of 10-15 MPH at governed engine RPM or maximum rated RPM and then loading the engine by applying the brakes until the engine RPM is lugged down to 80% of the governed or maximum rated RPM at wide-open throttle position. If the vehicle does not have a tachometer, the vehicle may be loaded to 80% of governed or maximum rated speed.

3. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR of greater than 4,000 pounds and less than or equal to 10,500 pounds shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of 30 HP, [DAGGER] 2 H P, while operated at 50 MPH.

4. A diesel-powered vehicle with a GVWR of 4,000 pounds or less shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of between 6.4 - 8.4 HP while operated at 30 MPH.

5. The emissions pass-fail determination shall be performed:

a. The opacity reading during a period of 10 consecutive seconds with the engine under applicable loading specified in subsections (I)(1) through (4) shall be compared to the opacity standard specified in R18-2-1030(B) . A vehicle that does not exceed the opacity standard in R18-2-1030(B) complies with the minimum emissions standards.

b. A vehicle that exceeds the standard in R18-2-1030(B) fails the emissions test. Before reinspection, the vehicle shall have a low emissions tune-up as described in R18-2-1010 .

6. Exhaust sampling shall comply with the following:

a. For a diesel-powered vehicle equipped with multiple exhaust pipes, separate measurements shall be made on each exhaust pipe. The reading taken from the exhaust pipe that has the highest opacity reading shall be used for comparison with the standard in R18-2-1030(B) .

b. A vehicle shall be inspected with either a full-flow or sampling-type opacity meter. The opacity meter shall be a direct reading, continuous reading light extinction-type using a collimated light source and photo-electric cell, accurate to a value within [DAGGER] 5% of filter value.

J. All diesel-powered vehicles shall undergo a tampering inspection under subsection (E)(7).

A. This Section establishes the testing requirements for vehicles in the State of Arizona. Subsection (B) identifies which tests apply to a particular type and model year of vehicle. Subsection (C) establishes the procedures and criteria for, passing, failing, or being rejected from each test.

B. Test applicability.

1. Area A and Area B non-diesel. The following general requirements govern test applicability for non-diesel vehicles in both Area A and Area B:

a. A rotary engine shall be inspected as a 4-stroke engine with four cylinders or less.

b. For a vehicle in which an engine has been replaced:

i. A vehicle owner shall not install a heavy-duty engine in a light-duty chassis.

ii. A vehicle owner shall not install a light-duty engine in a heavy-duty chassis.

iii. The replacement engine package shall include all emissions control equipment and devices that were required by the manufacturer for an engine-chassis certification. All emissions control equipment and devices shall be properly installed and in operating condition, and the resulting engine-chassis configuration shall be equivalent to a verified configuration of the same, or newer, model year as that of the vehicle chassis.

iv. The Department shall inspect the vehicle according to the model year of the vehicle chassis.

2. Area A Non-Diesel. Non-diesel vehicles in Area A are subject to the test procedures identified in this subsection:

a. Vehicles other than alternative fuel vehicles operated by a school district in Area A, heavy duty alternative fuel vehicles, reconstructed vehicles, and constant 4-wheel-drive vehicles that are not equipped with OBD, are subject to the following test procedures until the Administrator approves subsection (B)(2)(a)(i) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area A Non-Diesel Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	GVWR	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1996 or later	8,500 pounds or less	Biennial	OBD Functional gas cap Tampering	C.4 C.16 C.17
1981 through 1995	8,500 pounds or less	Biennial	Transient loaded and evaporative system pressure Functional gas cap Tampering	C.5 C.16 C.17
1975 through 1980	8,500 pounds or less	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	More than 8,500 pounds	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Any	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap	C.6 C.16

i. Test procedures that apply after the Administrator approves this subsection, (B)(2)(a)(i), into the applicable implementation plan:

Area A Non-Diesel Testing Procedures After SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	GVWR	OBD Certified?	Te s t Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1996 or Later	Any	Yes	Biennial	OBD Functional gas cap Tampering	C.4 C.16 C.17
1981 or later	8,500 pounds or less	No	Biennial	Transient loaded and evaporative system pressure Functional gas cap Tampering	C.5 C.16 C.17
1975 through 1980	8,500 pounds or less	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	More than 8,500 pounds	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Any	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap	C.6 C.16

b. Alternative fuel vehicles operated by a school district in Area A are subject to the following testing procedures until the Administrator approves subsection (B)(2)(b)(i) into the applicable implementation plan. After section (B)(2)(b)(i) has been approved into the applicable implementation plan, alternative fuel vehicles operated by a school district in Area A will be subject to subsection (B)(2)(b)(i).

Area A Alt. Fuel Vehicles Operated by a School District Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	OBD Certified?	Tes t Freq u e nc y	Te st s Appl ic abl e	Te st S u bse ct io n
1975 or later	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap	C.8 C.16

i. Test procedures that apply after the Administrator approves this subsection, (B)(2)(b)(i), into the applicable implementation plan.

Area A Alt. Fuel Vehicles Operated by a School District Testing Procedures After SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	OBD Certified?	Te st Fre q uenc y	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
Any	Ye s	Biennial	OBD Functional gas cap Ta m p er in g	C.4 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Ta m p er in g	C.6 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap	C.6 C.16

c. Heavy duty alternative fuel vehicles in Area A that are not owned by a school district are subject to the following testing procedures.

Model Year	GVWR	OBD Certified?	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
Any	More than 14,500 pounds	Ye s	Biennial	OBD Functional gas cap Tampering	C.4 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	More than 14,500 pounds	No	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.8 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	More than 14,500 pounds	No	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap	C.8 C.16

3. Area B Non-Diesel. Non-diesel vehicles in Area B are subject to the test procedures identified in this subsection:

a. Vehicles other than reconstructed vehicles and constant 4-wheel-drive vehicles that are not equipped with OBD shall be subject to the following test procedures until the Administrator approves subsection (B)(2)(a)(i) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area B Non-Diesel Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	GVWR	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1996 or later	8,500 pounds or less	Annual	OBD Functional gas cap Tampering	C.4 C.16 C.17
1981 through 1995	8,500 pounds or less	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 through 1980	8,500 pounds or less	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.8 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	More than 8,500 pounds	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.8 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Any	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap	C.8 C.16

i. Test procedures that apply after the Administrator approves this subsection (B)(2)(a)(i) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area B Non-Diesel Testing Procedures After SIP Revision is Approved
Model Ye a r	GVWR	OBD Certified?	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
Any	Any	Ye s	Biennial	OBD Functional gas cap Tampering	C.4 C.16 C.17
1981 or later	8,500 pounds or less	No	Annual	Loaded test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 through 1980	8,500 pounds or less	No	Annual	Loaded Test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 or later	More than 8,500 pounds	No	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.8 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Any	No	Annual	Idle test Functional gas cap	C.9 C.16

4. Reconstructed non-diesel vehicles. Reconstructed non-diesel vehicles in both Area A and Area B are subject to the tests specified in the following table:

Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1967 or later	Annual	Loaded test Visual gas cap	C.6 C.18

5. Constant 4-wheel-drive vehicles. Constant 4-wheel-drive vehicles in both Area A and Area B that are not equipped with OBD are subject to the tests specified in the following table:

Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1975 or later	Annual	Idle Test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.8 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Annual	Idle Test Functional gas cap	C.8 C.16

6. Area A diesel. Diesel vehicles that require inspection in Area A are subject to the test procedures specified in this subsection until the Administrator approves subsection (B)(8) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area A Diesel Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
GVWR	OBD Certified?	Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
8,500 and less	Yes	Any	Annual	OBD Tampering	C.4 C.17
More than 8,500 pounds	No	1975 or later	Annual	Snap idle Tampering	C.10 C.17
More than 8,500 pounds	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Snap idle	C.10
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 8,500 pounds	No	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity B Tampering	C.12 C.17
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 8,500 pounds	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity B	C.12
4,000 pounds or less	No	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity C Tampering	C.13 C.17
4,000 pounds or less	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity C	C.13

7. Area B Diesel. Diesel vehicles that require inspection in Area B are subject to the test procedures specified in this subsection until the Administrator approves subsection (B)(8) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area B Diesel Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
GVWR	Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
More than 26,000 pounds	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity A Tampering	C.12 C.18
More than 26,000 pounds	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity A	C.12
More than 10,500 and less than or equal to 26,000 pounds	1975 or later	Annual	Any of the following: Loaded opacity A Loaded opacity B Tampering	C.12 C.13 C.18
More than 10,500 and less than or equal to 26,000 pounds	1967 through 1974	Annual	Any of the following: Loaded opacity A Loaded opacity B	C.12 C.13
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 10,500	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity B Tampering	C.13 C.18
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 10,500	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity B	C.13
4,000 pounds or less	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity C Tampering	C.14 C.18
4,000 pounds or less	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity C	C.14

8. Test procedures that apply for diesel vehicles in both Area A and Area B after the Administrator approves this subsection (B)(8) into the applicable implementation plan:

Area A and Area B Diesel Testing Procedures After SIP Revision is Approved
GVWR	OBD Certified?	Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
Any	Yes	Any	Biennial	OBD Tampering	C.4 C.17
More than 8,500 pounds	No	1975 or later	Annual	Snap idle Tampering	C.10 C.17
More than 8,500 pounds	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Snap idle	C.10
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 8,500 pounds	No	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity B Tampering	C.12 C.17
More than 4,000 and less than or equal to 8,500 pounds	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity B	C.12
4,000 pounds or less	No	1975 or later	Annual	Loaded opacity C Tampering	C.13 C.17
4,000 pounds or less	No	1967 through 1974	Annual	Loaded opacity C	C.13

9. Dealer Fleet Testing Procedures. The test procedures in the table in this section apply until the administrator approves sections (B)(2)(a)(i), (B)(3)(a)(i), and (B)(8) into the applicable implementation plan for used vehicles sold by a motor vehicle dealer who is a fleet operator and who has been issued a permit pursuant to A.R.S. § 49-546. After those sections are approved into the applicable implementation plan, used vehicles sold by a motor vehicle dealer who is a fleet operator and who has been issued a permit pursuant to A.R.S. § 49-546 will be subject to the same testing procedures as vehicles tested at state stations and the table in this section will no longer be applicable.

Area A and Area B Dealer Fleet Testing Procedures Until SIP Revision is Approved
Model Year	Test Frequency	Tests Applicable	Test Subsection
1981 or later	Annual	Two speed idle test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.6 C.16 C.17
1975 through 1980	Annual	Idle Test Functional gas cap Tampering	C.7 C.16 C.17
1967 through 1974	Annual	Idle Test Functional gas cap	C.8 C.16

C. Test Requirements

1. Conditions for Pass. A vehicle passes inspection if the vehicle:

a. Is subjected to all applicable tests required by Subsection (B);

b. Is not rejected from any of the tests for any of the reasons specified in (C)(2) or (C)(3) of this subsection; and

c. Does not fail any of the applicable tests for any of the reasons specified in this subsection.

2. Pre-Test Safety Inspection

a. The Department shall inspect each vehicle visually before the emissions test for any of the following unsafe or untestable conditions:

i. A fuel leak that causes wetness or pooling of fuel;

ii. A continuous engine or transmission oil leak onto the floor;

iii. A continuous engine coolant leak onto the floor such that the engine is overheating or may overheat within a short time;

iv. A tire on a driving wheel with less than 2/32-inch tread, metal protuberances, unmatched tire size, obviously low tire pressure as determined by visual inspection;

v. An exhaust pipe that does not allow for safe exhaust probe insertion;

vi. An exhaust pipe on a diesel-powered vehicle that does not allow for safe exhaust probe insertion and attachment of opacity meter sensor units;

vii. Improperly operating brakes;

viii. Any vehicle modification or mechanical condition that prevents dynamometer operation;

ix. Loud internal engine noise;

x. An obvious exhaust leak;

xi. Towing a trailer or carrying a heavy load;

xii. Carrying explosives or any hazardous material not used as a fuel for the vehicle; or

xiii. Any other condition that in the judgment of the inspector makes testing unsafe or the vehicle untestable.

b. If the inspector determines that a vehicle is unsafe or otherwise untestable by the visual inspection the following shall apply:

i. The vehicle shall be rejected without an emissions test;

ii. The inspector shall notify the vehicle owner or operator of all untestable or unsafe conditions found;

iii. A state station shall not charge a fee; and

iv. A state station shall not test the vehicle until the cause for rejection is repaired.

3. Test Operating Conditions. When conducting the emissions test required by this Section, the vehicle emissions inspector shall ensure that all of the following requirements are satisfied:

a. The vehicle shall be tested in the condition presented, unless rejected under 18-2-1006(C)(2);

b. The vehicle's engine shall be operating at normal temperature and not be overheating as indicated by a gauge, warning light, or boiling radiator; and

c. All vehicle accessories shall be turned off during testing.

4. OBD Test.

a. Test Procedure. The OBD test shall consist of:

i. A visual inspection of the MIL function; and

ii. An electronic examination of the OBD computer by connecting a scan tool to the data link connector and interrogating the OBD system to determine vehicle readiness status, MIL status, and the presence of diagnostic trouble codes.

b. Equipment Specifications. The OBD equipment shall conform to the requirements of "Performing Onboard Diagnostic System Checks as Part of a Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program," EPA420-R-01-015, EPA, June 2001 (and no future editions or amendments), which is incorporated by reference. A copy of this incorporated material is on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking.

c. OBD scan tools shall have the most recent available software downloaded and installed before inspection.

d. Test Rejection. A vehicle shall be rejected from an OBD test if any of the following conditions occurs:

i. The number of unset readiness indicators, excluding continuous indicators, is three or more for a model year 1996-2000 vehicle, or two or more for a model year 2001 and newer vehicle;

ii. The data link connector cannot be located or is inaccessible;

iii. The data link connector is loose and the scan tool cannot be inserted into the connector;

iv. The data link connector has no voltage; or

v. The eVIN and monitors are mismatched.

e. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the OBD test if any of the following conditions occurs:

i. The vehicle's MIL does not illuminate when the ignition is on and the engine is off;

ii. The vehicle's MIL illuminates continuously or flashes with the engine running;

iii. The OBD system is not communicating;

iv. The vehicle's OBD system reports the MIL as commanded on;

v. The vehicle's OBD system data is inappropriate for the vehicle being tested; or

vi. The vehicle's OBD system data does not match the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) or a Department exempted OBD software configuration.

5. Transient Loaded and Evaporative System Pressure Test.

a. Transient Loaded Test Procedure.

i. The transient loaded test shall consist of 147 seconds of mass emissions measurement using a constant volume sampler while the vehicle is driven by an inspector through a computer-monitored driving cycle on a dynamometer with inertial weight settings appropriate for the weight of the vehicle.

ii. The driving cycle shall include the acceleration, deceleration, and idle operating modes described in Table 4.

iii. The 147-second sequence may be ended earlier using a fast-pass or fast-fail algorithm.

iv. A retest algorithm shall be used to determine if a test failure is due to insufficient vehicle preconditioning. As determined by the retest algorithm, an additional test may be performed on a failing vehicle.

v. The highest selectable drive gear shall be used for automatic transmissions and first gear shall be used for manual transmission acceleration from idle.

vi. Exhaust emissions concentrations in grams per mile for HC, CO, NOx and CO2 shall be recorded continuously beginning with the first second.

vii. All testing and test equipment for the transient loaded emissions test shall conform to "IM240 & Evap Technical Guidance," EPA420-R-00-007, EPA, April 2000, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference, except that the transient driving cycle in Table 4, the standards in Table 4, and the fast-pass, fast-fail retest algorithms described in subsection (C)(5)(a) shall be used. A copy of the incorporated material is on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking. viii. In determining compliance under subsection (C)(5)(d) for a vehicle that operates on natural gas, HC emissions shall be multiplied by 0.19, when an analyzer with a flame ionization detector is used or 0.61, when an NDIR analyzer is used.

b. Evaporative System Pressure Test Procedure. The evaporative system pressure test shall consist of the following steps in sequence:

i. Connect the test equipment to either the fuel tank vent hose at the canister or the fuel tank filler neck;

ii. Pressurize the system to 14 [DAGGER] 0.5 inches of water without exceeding 26 inches of water system pressure; and

iii. Close off the pressure source, seal the evaporative system, and monitor pressure decay for two minutes unless a failure is detected or a fast-pass determination is made as defined in EPA420-R-00-007, which is incorporated by reference in subsection (C)(5)(a)(vii) of this rule.

c. Test Rejection. A vehicle shall be rejected from the transient loaded and evaporative system pressure test if it has an audible or visible exhaust leak during emissions testing, or if the vehicle displays unsafe behavior on the dynamometer during testing.

d. Transient Loaded Test Failure. A vehicle fails the transient loaded test if emissions measured during the test exceed the Table 3 standard applicable to the model year and type of the vehicle being tested as follows:

i. The average emissions measured for the entire test exceed the "composite standard" for any pollutant; or

ii. The average emissions measured during seconds 65 through 146 exceed the "phase-2" standard for any pollutant.

e. Evaporative System Pressure Test Failure. A vehicle fails the evaporative system pressure test if any of the following conditions occurs:

i. The evaporative system cannot maintain a system pressure above eight inches of water for two minutes after being pressurized to 14 [DAGGER] 0.5 inches of water;

ii. The canister is missing or damaged; or

iii. The hose or electrical system is missing, routed incorrectly, or disconnected, according to the vehicle emissions control information label.

f. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the transient loaded and evaporative system pressure test if it fails the test under either subsection R10-2-1006(C)(5)(d) or R10-2-1006(C)(5)(e).

6. Loaded Test.

a. Loaded Cruise Test Procedure. The vehicle's drive wheels shall be placed on a dynamometer and the vehicle shall be operated according to the Table 1 of this Article.

b. Besides the Arizona specific dynamometer test schedule, loaded tests shall conform to the procedures listed at 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix B, Section III, amended as of July 1st, 2017, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking.

c. Loaded Test Equipment Specifications.

i. The equipment used in Area A state stations for loaded cruise and curb idle testing shall conform to "IM240 & Evap Technical Guidance," EPA420-R-00-007, EPA, April 2000, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference in subsection (C)(5)(a)(vii) of this rule.

ii. The equipment used in Area B state stations and all Arizona fleet emission testing stations for the loaded test shall comply with 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix A, Section I, amended as of July 1, 2017, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/ Rulemaking.

d. In determining whether a vehicle that operates on natural gas complies with the HC emissions standards in Table 2 of this Article, the results of the test shall be multiplied by 0.19, when an analyzer with a flame ionization detector is used or 0.61, when an NDIR analyzer is used.

e. Test Rejection. A vehicle shall be rejected from a loaded cruise and curb idle test, if the CO2 plus CO reading during the curb idle test is less than 6%.

f. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the loaded cruise and curb idle test if tailpipe emissions measured by the test exceed the applicable standards in Table 2 for loaded cruise mode or curb idle mode for the type and model year of the vehicle being tested.

7. Two Speed Idle Test

a. All two speed idle testing shall conform to the procedures listed at 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix B, Section II, amended as of July 1, 2017, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking.

b. All equipment used for two speed idle testing shall conform with the requirements of 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix A, Section I, amended as of July 1, 2017, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department.

c. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the two speed idle test if tailpipe emissions measured by the test exceed the applicable standards in Table 2 for the type and model year of the vehicle being tested.

8. Idle Test

a. All idle testing shall conform to the procedures listed at 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix B, Section I, amended as of July 1, 2017, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department, the Secretary of State, and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking.

b. All equipment used for two speed idle testing shall conform with the requirements of 40 CFR 51, Subpart S, Appendix B, Section I, amended as of July 1, 2017, and no future editions or amendments, which is incorporated by reference and on file with the Department.

c. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the idle test if tailpipe emissions measured by the test exceed the applicable standards in Table 2 for the type and model year of the vehicle being tested.

9. Exhaust Sampling Requirements for Annual Tests on Non-Diesel Vehicles.

a. All CO and HC emissions analyzers shall have water traps incorporated in the sampling lines. Sampling probes shall be capable of taking undiluted exhaust samples from a vehicle exhaust system.

b. A vehicle, other than a diesel-powered vehicle, shall be inspected with a gas analyzer capable of determining concentrations of CO and HC within the ranges and tolerances specified in Table 5.

c. A vehicle with multiple exhaust pipes shall be inspected by collecting and averaging samples by one of the following methods:

i. Collecting separate samples from each exhaust pipe and use the average concentration to determine the test result;

ii. Using manifold exhaust probes to simultaneously sample approximately equal volumes from each exhaust pipe; or

iii. Using manifold exhaust pipe adapters to collect approximately equal volume samples from each exhaust pipe.

10. Snap Idle Test.

a. Snap Idle Test Procedure.

i. The Department shall test the vehicle with a procedure that conforms to Society of Automotive Engineers Recommended Practice J1667, February 1996, incorporated by reference and on file with the Department, the Secretary of State and is available online at http://azdeq.gov/VECS/Rulemaking. This incorporation by reference contains no future editions or amendments.

ii. All testing and test equipment shall conform to the J1667 Recommended Practice.

iii. The procedure shall use the corrections for ambient test conditions in Appendix B of the J1667 Recommended Practice for all tests.

iv. To expedite testing throughput, the Department may implement rapid testing procedures.

v. The test results shall be reported as the percentage of smoke opacity.

b. Snap Idle Test Failure.

i. Except as provided in subsection (C)(10)(c), a vehicle fails the snap idle test if the opacity of emissions exceeds the level specified in the following table:

Model Year	Standard
1991 or later	40%
1990 or earlier	55%

ii. The engine model year is determined by the emission control label. If the emission control label is missing, illegible, or incorrect, the test standard shall be 40%, unless a correct, legible, emission control label replacement is attached to the vehicle within 30 days of the inspection.

c. Alternative Opacity Standard. The Director shall identify an alternative, less stringent opacity standard for an engine family if the conditions of either subsection (C)(10)(c)(i) or (C)(10)(c)(ii) are satisfied.

i. The engine family exhibits smoke opacity greater than the applicable standard in subsection (C)(10)(b)(i) when in good operating condition and adjusted to the manufacturer's specifications. If this condition is satisfied, the Director shall identify a technologically appropriate less stringent standard based on a review of data obtained from engines in good operating condition and adjusted to manufacturer's specifications.

ii. The engine family has been granted an exemption from a standard equivalent to the applicable standard in subsection (C)(10)(b)(i) based on the J1667 Recommended Practice by the executive officer of the California Air Resources Board (CARB). If this condition is satisfied, the Director shall allow the engine family to comply with any technologically appropriate less stringent standard identified by the executive officer of CARB.

iii. A demonstration under subsection (C)(10)(c)(i) shall be based on data from at least three vehicles. Data from official inspections under this subsection (C)(10) showing that vehicles in the engine family meet the standard may be used to rebut the demonstration.

iv. The Director shall implement any new standard resulting from each exemption as soon as practicable for all subsequent tests and provide notice at all affected test stations and fleets.

11. Loaded Opacity A Test.

a. Test Procedure.

i. The vehicle shall be tested on a chassis dynamometer beginning with no power absorption by selecting a gear ratio that produces a maximum vehicle speed of 30-35 MPH at governed or maximum rated RPM.

ii. If the vehicle has a manual transmission or an automatic transmission with individual gear selection, the engine shall be operated at governed or maximum rated engine RPM, at normal operating temperature under a power absorption load applied to the dynamometer until the loading reduces the engine RPM to 80% of the governed speed at wide-open throttle position.

iii. If the vehicle has an automatic transmission and automatic gear kickdown, the engine shall be loaded to a speed just above the kickdown speed or 80% of the governed speed, whichever is greater.

iv. If the chassis dynamometer does not have enough horsepower absorption capability to lug the engine down to these speeds, the vehicle's brakes may be used to assist the dynamometer.

b. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the test if the opacity reading for a period of 10 consecutive seconds exceeds the applicable standard in R18-2-1030(B).

12. Loaded Opacity B Test.

a. Test Procedure. The vehicle shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of 30 HP, [DAGGER] 2 HP, while operated at 50 MPH.

b. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the test if the opacity reading for a period of 10 consecutive seconds exceeds the applicable standard in R18-2-1030(B).

13. Loaded Opacity C Test.

a. Test Procedure. The vehicle shall be tested by a loaded dynamometer test by applying a single load of between 6.4 - 8.4 HP while operated at 30 MPH.

b. Test Failure. A vehicle fails the test if the opacity reading for a period of 10 consecutive seconds exceeds the applicable standard in R18-2-1030(B).

14. Exhaust Sampling Requirements for Diesel Vehicles Tests other than the Snap Idle Test.

a. For a diesel-powered vehicle equipped with multiple exhaust pipes, separate measurements shall be made on each exhaust pipe. The reading taken from the exhaust pipe that has the highest opacity reading shall be used for comparison with the standard in R18-2-1030(B).

b. A vehicle shall be inspected with either a full-flow or sampling-type opacity meter. The opacity meter shall be a direct reading, continuous reading light extinction-type using a collimated light source and photo-electric cell, accurate to a value within [DAGGER] 2% of full scale.

15. Functional Gas Cap Test.

a. Test Procedure.

i. The vehicle shall undergo a functional test of the gas cap to determine cap leakage.

ii. A vehicle with a non-sealing gas cap shall be checked for the presence of a properly fitting gas cap.

b. Exemption. A vehicle with a vented fuel system is exempt from this subsection.

c. Exemption. A vehicle that is manufactured without a gas cap is exempt from this subsection.

d. Test Failure.

i. A vehicle fails the test if cap leakage exceeds 60 cubic centimeters of air per minute at a pressure of 30 inches of water gauge.

ii. Notwithstanding subsection 18-2-1006(C)(15)(d)(i), a vehicle does not fail the test if the failing cap is immediately replaced at the state station by a gas cap that satisfies the requirements of this subsection.

16. Tampering Inspection.

a. The inspection shall be based on the original configuration of the vehicle as manufactured. The Department shall verify the applicable emissions system requirements shall be verified by the "Vehicle Emission Control Information" label. "Original configuration" for a foreign manufactured vehicle means the design and construction of a vehicle produced by the manufacturer for original entry and sale in the United States.

b. The Department's tampering inspection shall consist of the following:

i. A visual inspection to determine the presence and proper installation of each required catalytic converter system or OEM equivalent;

ii. An examination to determine the presence of an operational injection system, if applicable;

iii. A visual inspection to determine the presence of an operational positive crankcase ventilation system or closed crank-case ventilation system, if applicable; and

iv. A visual inspection to determine the presence of an operational evaporative control system, if applicable.

17. Visual Gas Cap Test. The visual gas cap test consists of the inspector's ocular verification that a gas cap is properly fitted to the vehicle.

18. Testing Vehicles that Operate on More than One Fuel. A vehicle, other than a vehicle for which an OBD test is required, designed to operate on more than one fuel, shall be tested on the fuel in use when the vehicle is presented for inspection, except vehicles that operate on alternative fuel, as defined in A.R.S. § 1-215.

19. Testing Vehicles that Operate on Alternative Fuels.

a. The inspector shall test vehicles that operate on an alternative fuel, as defined in A.R.S. § 1-215, other than a vehicle for which an OBD test is required, on each fuel that the vehicle is intended to operate on, using the appropriate emissions test procedure and standards for that vehicle.

b. The vehicle shall be operated for a minimum of 30 seconds after switching fuels and before testing begins. The vehicle shall be rejected for testing if it is not able to operate on each fuel that the vehicle is intended to operate on or if the vehicle operator cannot switch fuels.

c. A vehicle that operates exclusively on propane or natural gas, as defined in A.R.S. § 1-215, shall be exempt from the functional gas cap test in subsection 10-2-1006(C)(15) and the evaporative pressure system test in subsection 10-2-1006(C)(5)(b).

Notes

Ariz. Admin. Code § R18-2-1006

Former Section R9-3-1006 repealed, new Section R9-3-1006 adopted effective January 13, 1976 (Supp. 76-1). Amended effective November 1, 1976 (Supp. 76-5). Amended effective March 2, 1978 (Supp. 78-2). Amended effective January 3, 1979 (Supp. 79-1). Amended effective February 20, 1980 (Supp. 80-1). Former Section R9-3-1006 repealed, new Section R9-3-1006 adopted as an emergency effective January 2, 1981 pursuant to A.R.S. § 41-1003, valid for only 90 days (Supp. 81-1). Former Section R9-3-1006 as amended effective February 20, 1980 repealed and a new Section R9-3-1006 adopted as an emergency effective January 2, 1981 now adopted and amended effective April 15, 1981 (Supp. 81-2). Amended effective January 1, 1986 (Supp. 85-6). Amended effective January 1, 1987, filed December 31, 1986 (Supp. 86-6). Former Section R9-3-1006 renumbered as Section R18-2-1006 and subsections (A), (C) and (D) amended effective August 1, 1988 (Supp. 88-3). Amended effective September 19, 1990 (Supp. 90-3). Amended effective November 14, 1994 (Supp. 94-4). Amended effective October 15, 1998 (Supp. 98-4). Amended by final rulemaking at 6 A.A.R. 382, effective December 20, 1999 (Supp. 99-4). Amended by final rulemaking at 6 A.A.R. 2722, effective June 28, 2000 (Supp. 00-2). Amended by final rulemaking at 8 A.A.R. 90, effective January 1, 2002 (Supp. 01-4). Amended by final rulemaking at 14 A.A.R. 2834, effective July 1, 2008 (Supp. 08-3). Amended by final rulemaking at 25 A.A.R. 485, effective 6/1/2019.