Fla. Admin. Code Ann. R. 62-610.466 - Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR)
(1) Aquifer storage and recovery of reclaimed
water or advanced treated water as defined in Rule 62-565.200, F.A.C., involves
the following:
(a) Injection of reclaimed
water or advanced treated water, as defined in Rule 62-565.200, F.A.C., into a
subsurface formation for storage; and,
(b) Recovery of the stored reclaimed water or
advanced treated water for beneficial purposes at a later date.
(2) ASR can be used as storage for
reclaimed water for reuse systems regulated under Part III of this chapter. ASR
by itself does not constitute "reuse." It is only when reclaimed water, which
has been stored in an aquifer, is recovered and used for beneficial purposes
that the reclaimed water is considered to be "reused." ASR systems are
considered components of the overall reuse system.
(a) For non-potable reuse projects, recovered
water is also subject to the requirements of Part III of this
chapter.
(b) For potable reuse
projects, recovered water is also subject to the requirements of Chapter
62-565, F.A.C. Injection of reclaimed water or advanced treated water directly
or indirectly that meets the requirements of paragraph 62-565.100(d), F.A.C.,
shall be considered potable reuse, except where the recovered water meets the
exemption requirements in Section
403.0643, F.S.
(3) ASR systems shall meet the
technical and permitting requirements of the Department's underground injection
control program which are contained in Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., and shall obtain
an underground injection control construction and operation permit, as
appropriate, in addition to any permits required under Chapters 62-610 and
62-620, F.A.C.
(4) In the
engineering report submitted with the initial application to implement an ASR
system, the applicant shall provide an evaluation of the anticipated changes in
the characteristics of the reclaimed water during the injection, storage, and
recovery phases. In the engineering report, the applicant shall evaluate the
need for additional treatment or disinfection upon recovery before introduction
of the recovered water into system storage or the reuse system. The engineering
report shall include an initial characterization of the ground water at the
point of injection. The ground water characterization shall include analyses
for all parameters for which ground water quality standards have been
established in Chapter 62-520, F.A.C., and for fecal coliforms. The
characterization of TDS at the point of injection is discussed in subparagraph
62-610.310(3)(c)
9. and subsection 62-610.800(11),
F.A.C.
(5) Engineering reports for
ASR systems associated with a potable reuse project shall meet the requirements
of Rule 62-565.570, F.A.C.
(6) The
water recovered from the ASR system for non-potable reuse purposes shall meet
the performance standards for fecal coliforms as specified for high-level
disinfection before use in a reuse system regulated under Part III of this
chapter.
(7) The water recovered
from the ASR system for potable reuse purposes shall meet the Technology-Based
Treatement Requirements and pathogen requirements established in Chapter
62-565, F.A.C.
(8) Applications for
permit renewals shall include an evaluation of the performance of the ASR
system. This shall include evaluations of monitoring data (including trends
observed), any problems encountered, and any anticipated problems based on
review of the monitoring trends. Existing and anticipated problems shall be
addressed as described in subsection
62-610.466(19),
F.A.C.
(9) Use of Class G-IV ground
water.
(a) Wells may be used to inject
reclaimed water into Class G-IV ground water for ASR if all of the following
conditions in either subparagraph 1. or 2. are met:
1. Wells may be used to inject reclaimed
water into Class G-IV ground water for ASR if all of the following conditions
are met:
a. The reclaimed water meets all the
preapplication treatment and disinfection criteria established in Part III of
this chapter before injection.
b.
Technical and permitting requirements in Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., are
met.
2. Wells may be
used to inject effluent into Class G-IV ground water for ASR if all of the
following conditions are met:
a. The
preapplication treatment criteria established in subsections
62-600.540(1) and
(4), F.A.C., shall be met before
injection.
b. Technical and
permitting requirements in Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., are met.
c. The treatment and disinfection
requirements in Part III of this chapter shall be met upon recovery of the
water. Treatment and disinfection upon recovery shall include filtration and
chemical feed facilities, as described in Rule
62-610.460, F.A.C., high-level
disinfection, Class I reliability, operator attendance and staffing, operating
protocol, reject storage, and monitoring requirements.
(10) Use of Class G-I
or F-I ground water.
(a) Wells may be used to
inject reclaimed water into Class G-I or F-I ground water for ASR if all of the
following requirements are met:
1. The
reclaimed water meets the full treatment and disinfection criteria established
in Rule 62-610.563, F.A.C., for ground
water recharge projects.
2.
Technical and permitting requirements in Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., are
met.
(b) Except as
provided in subsection
62-610.466(19),
F.A.C., additional treatment or disinfection shall not be required upon
recovery of the reclaimed water for non-potable reuse purposes.
(11) Use of Class G-II ground
water containing 3000 mg/L or less of total dissolved solids for non-potable
reuse purposes.
(a) Wells may be used to
inject reclaimed water into Class G-II ground water containing 3000 mg/L or
less of total dissolved solids for ASR if all of the following conditions are
met:
1. The reclaimed water meets the full
treatment and disinfection criteria established in Rule
62-610.563, F.A.C., for ground
water recharge projects.
2.
Technical and permitting requirements in Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., are
met.
(b) If the
applicant provides an affirmative demonstration that the receiving ground water
contains between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/L (inclusive) of total dissolved solids, is
not currently used as a source of public water supply, and that the receiving
ground water is not reasonably expected to be used for public water supply in
the future, or if the applicant provides an affirmative demonstration that the
reuse project meets the requirements in Section
403.0643, F.S., the
preapplication treatment and disinfection requirements shall be as follows:
1. The principal treatment and disinfection
requirements in Rule 62-610.563, F.A.C., shall apply,
with the following modifications:
a. The
parameters listed as primary drinking water standards shall be applied as
maximum single sample permit limitations. The fecal coliform limitations
associated with high-level disinfection shall not apply. The primary drinking
water standards for asbestos and sodium shall not apply as reclaimed water
limitations.
b. The secondary
drinking water standards shall not be applied as reclaimed water limitations.
As described in paragraph
62-610.466(16)(a),
F.A.C., the ground water standard for sodium shall be met at the edge of the
zone of discharge. As described in paragraph
62-610.466(16)(f),
F.A.C., the ground water standards corresponding to the secondary drinking
water standards shall be met at the edge of the extended zone of
discharge.
c. The total nitrogen
limit in paragraph 62-610.563(2)(c),
F.A.C., shall not apply.
d. The
extended zone of discharge shall not extend into zones having TDS
concentrations less than 1000 mg/L (based on the initial TDS characterization
in the initial engineering report and information submitted after the submittal
of the initial engineering report) except when the applicant provides an
affirmative demonstration that the reuse project meets the exemption
requirements in Section
403.0643, F.S.
(c) The provisions of
paragraph 62-610.466(11)(b),
F.A.C., shall only apply to receiving ground waters that are not used for
public water supply within the following geographic limits (whichever provides
for the largest horizontal distance):
1.
Located within 1,000 feet radially (measured horizontally) from injection and
recovery wells, or
2. Located
within the radial extent (measured horizontally) of the extended zone of
discharge plus an additional 500 feet radially (horizontally).
(d) Except as provided in
subparagraph 62-610.466(14)(b)
1., and subsection 62-610.466(19),
F.A.C., additional treatment or disinfection shall not be required upon
recovery of the reclaimed water for non-potable reuse.
(12) Use of Class G-II ground water
containing greater than 3000 mg/L of total dissolved solids for non-potable
reuse projects.
(a) Wells may be used to
inject reclaimed water into Class G-II ground water containing greater than
3000 mg/L of total dissolved solids for ASR if all of the following conditions
are met:
1. The principal treatment and
disinfection requirements in Rule
62-610.563, F.A.C., shall apply,
with the following modifications:
a. The
parameters listed as primary drinking water standards shall be applied as
maximum single sample permit limitations. The fecal coliform limitations
associated with high-level disinfection shall not apply. The primary drinking
water standards for asbestos and sodium shall not apply as reclaimed water
limitations.
b. The secondary
standards shall not be applied as reclaimed water limitations. As described in
paragraph 62-610.466(16)(f),
F.A.C., the ground water standard for sodium and the ground water standards
corresponding to the secondary drinking water standards shall be met at the
edge of the extended zone of discharge.
c. The total nitrogen limit in paragraph
62-610.563(2)(c),
F.A.C., shall not apply.
d. The
extended zone of discharge shall not extend into zones having TDS
concentrations less than 3000 mg/L (based on the initial TDS characterization
in the initial engineering report and information submitted after the submittal
of the initial engineering report).
2. Technical and permitting requirements in
Chapter 62-528, F.A.C., are met.
(b) Except as provided in subparagraph
62-610.466(14)(b)
1., and subsection 62-610.466(19),
F.A.C., additional treatment or disinfection shall not be required upon
recovery of the reclaimed water.
(13) If an aquifer exemption pursuant to
subsection 62-528.300(3),
F.A.C., or a parameter exemption pursuant to Rule
62-520.500, F.A.C., has been
obtained, the Department shall modify the discharge limitations in the permit
to reflect the terms of the exemption.
(14) Monitoring.
(a) Reclaimed water shall be monitored before
injection in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 62-600,
F.A.C.
(b) Water recovered from the
ASR system.
1. Except as provided in
subparagraphs 62-610.466(14)(b)
2. and 3., F.A.C., the reclaimed water recovered from the ASR system for
non-potable reuse shall be monitored for TSS, and fecal coliforms at the same
frequency specified in Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., for the treatment facility
providing reclaimed water to the reuse system. CBOD5 shall be monitored
monthly. If the reclaimed water withdrawn from an ASR system fails to meet the
CBOD5, TSS, or fecal coliform limits established for a reuse project regulated
under Part III of this chapter, the Department shall require that additional
treatment or disinfection facilities be provided to ensure compliance with
these limits. If the CBOD5 limits are not met, the Department shall increase
the sampling frequency for CBOD5 to the level required in Chapter 62-600,
F.A.C. Water recovered from the ASR system for potable reuse projects shall be
subject to the requirements of Chapter 62-565, F.A.C.
2. If the reclaimed water injected into the
ASR system meets the full treatment and disinfection requirements in Rule
62-610.563, F.A.C., fecal
coliforms shall be monitored monthly in the water recovered from the ASR
system.
3. If additional treatment
or disinfection is provided after recovery of the water from the ASR system not
associated with a potable reuse system, the monitoring requirements in Rule
62-610.463, F.A.C., shall apply
and an operating protocol shall be implemented pursuant to Rule
62-610.463, F.A.C.
(c) ASR systems not associated
with a potable reuse system.
1. A ground
water monitoring plan pursuant to Rule
62-520.600, F.A.C., shall be
implemented before placing the ASR system into operation. The monitoring plan
shall be designed to verify compliance with the ground water standards and to
monitor the performance of the ASR system. As part of this monitoring plan, the
permittee shall monitor a measure of inorganics concentration (such as chloride
or TDS) and specific conductance for the water being injected, ground water,
and the recovered water.
2. Ground
water shall be monitored quarterly for all parameters for which ground water
standards exist. After the first year of operation, the frequency of this
monitoring and the list of parameters may be adjusted by the Department based
on previous monitoring. Reductions in monitoring shall only be considered after
the injected bubble of reclaimed water reaches a monitoring well. The complete
list of all parameters for which ground water standards exist shall be sampled
at least once during each five years.
(d) Additional water quality and ground water
monitoring may be required under the underground injection control
permit.
(15) Injection
wells and recovery wells used for aquifer storage and recovery shall be located
at least 500 feet from any potable water supply well. For potable water supply
wells which are not public water supply wells, the Department shall approve a
smaller setback distance, if the applicant provides an affirmative
demonstration in the engineering report that confinement exists between the
aquifer used for aquifer storage and recovery and the potable water supply well
such that the aquifer storage and recovery system will not adversely affect the
quantity or quality of water withdrawn from the potable water supply
well.
(16) Extended zone of
discharge.
(a) Projects described in
paragraph 62-610.466(11)(b),
and subsection (12), F.A.C., may have an extended zone of discharge included in
the permit. The extended zone of discharge shall apply to parameters listed as
secondary drinking water standards in Chapter 62-550, F.A.C. Zones of discharge
will not be provided for parameters listed as primary drinking water standards
in Chapter 62-550, F.A.C. (except for sodium).
(b) A zone of discharge under this rule shall
not be allowed for projects featuring injection that causes or allows movement
of fluid into or between underground sources of drinking water which may
adversly affect the health of persons.
(c) An extended zone of discharge will extend
radially to the permittee's property line. This may be greater than the 100
feet normally allowed for a zone of discharge in Rule
62-520.465, F.A.C. The applicant
may request an extended zone of discharge that extends beyond the property
boundary, if the conditions and procedures in paragraphs
62-520.470(3)(d), and
(e), F.A.C., are met. The applicant may
request an extended zone of discharge beyond the property line at the time of
initial permit application or with subsequent permit renewals or permit
modifications.
(d) An extended zone
of discharge shall not extend closer than 500 feet to potable water supply
wells. For potable water supply wells which are not public water supply wells,
the Department shall approve a smaller setback distance, if the applicant
provides an affirmative demonstration in the engineering report that
confinement exists between the aquifer used for aquifer storage and recovery
and the potable water supply well such that the aquifer storage and recovery
system will not adversely affect the quantity or quality of water withdrawn
from the potable water supply well.
(e) The extended zone of discharge shall
extend vertically from the base to the top of a specifically designated
aquifer, aquifers, or portion of an aquifer. The vertical and lateral limits of
the extended zone of discharge shall be designated. Injection and recovery
wells used in the ASR system shall be included within the extended zone of
discharge. As noted in sub-subparagraphs
62-610.466(11)(b)
1.d., and 62-610.466(12)(a)
1.d., F.A.C., the extended zone of discharge shall not extend into zones having
TDS concentrations less than the specified threshold (based on the initial TDS
characterization in the initial engineering report and information submitted
after the submittal of the initial engineering report).
(f) For aquifer storage and recovery systems
involving the levels of preapplication treatment provided in paragraph
62-610.466(11)(b),
or subsection (12), F.A.C., all ground water quality criteria shall be met at
the edge of the extended zone of discharge. If the natural background ground
water quality does not meet the ground water quality criteria, the aquifer
storage and recovery system shall meet the natural background quality at the
edge of the extended zone of discharge.
(17) The aquifer storage and recovery system
(including both injection and recovery) shall be described in the domestic
wastewater permit.
(18) Applicants
proposing ASR systems using Class F-I, G-I, or G-II ground water shall comply
with the public and utility notification requirements contained in Rule
62-610.574, F.A.C.
(19) The permittee shall assess the
performance of the ASR system on a monthly basis.
(a) During operation of the non-potable reuse
system, if it is shown that water recovered from the aquifer storage and
recovery system does not meet the fecal coliform performance criteria
associated with high-level disinfection or if the water recovered adversely
affects vegetation or crops grown in the reuse system or adversely affects the
infiltration/percolation capability of soils within the reuse system, the
permittee shall do the following:
1. Evaluate
the nature and severity of the problems.
2. Propose remedial or preventative measures
and provide reasonable assurances that the remedial or preventative measures
will avoid future occurrences of the adverse effects. Remedial or preventative
measures may include additional monitoring of or additional treatment of the
water recovered from the aquifer storage and recovery system, or other
measures.
3. Propose a time
schedule for implementation of the proposed remedial or preventative
measures.
4. Submit a written
report to the Department within 120 days of identification of a potential
problem. The report shall address the requirements of subparagraphs
62-610.466(19)(a)
1. through 3., F.A.C.
(b) The Department shall incorporate remedial
or preventative measures and a schedule for implementation in the domestic
wastewater permit.
(c) Nothing in
subsection 62-610.466(19),
F.A.C., shall preclude the Department from taking enforcement action to compel
compliance with the requirements of Rule
62-610.466, F.A.C., the
requirements of Part III of this chapter or the ground water standards
contained in Chapter 62-520, F.A.C.
Notes
Rulemaking Authority 403.051, 403.061, 403.087 FS. Law Implemented 403.021, 403.051, 403.061, 403.062, 403.085, 403.086, 403.087, 403.088 FS.
New 8-8-99, Amended 8-8-21.
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