Ohio Admin. Code 1501:13-4-04 - Permit application requirements for information on environmental resources

(A) General requirements.

(1) This rule shall apply only to coal mining operations other than underground mining operations.

(2)

(a) Each application shall describe and identify the nature of cultural, historic and archeological resources listed or eligible for listing on the "National Register of Historic Places," administered by the national parks service, U.S. department of the interior, and known archeological sites within the proposed permit and adjacent areas. The description shall be based on all available information, including, but not limited to, information from the state historic preservation officer and from local archeological, historical, and cultural preservation agencies. The website for the "National Register of Historic Places" for Ohio sites is http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/oh/state.html.

(b) The chief may require the applicant to identify and evaluate important historic and archeological resources that may be eligible for listing on the "National Register of Historic Places," as referenced in paragraph (A)(2)(a) of this rule, through:

(i) Collection of additional information;

(ii) Conduct of field investigations; or

(iii) Other appropriate analyses.

(3) Each application shall describe and identify the lands subject to coal mining operations over the estimated life of those operations and the size, sequence, and timing of the subareas for which it is anticipated that individual permits for mining will be sought.

(B) Description of hydrology and geology; general requirements.

Each application shall contain a description of surface and ground water within the general area, and any water which will flow into or receive discharges of water from the permit area. The description shall be prepared in the manner required by paragraphs (B) to (G) of this rule, and conform to the following:

(1) Information on hydrology, water quality and quantity, and geology related to hydrology of areas outside the proposed permit area and within the general area shall be provided by the chief, to the extent that this data is available from an appropriate federal or state agency.

(2) If this information is not available from those agencies, the applicant may gather and submit this information to the chief as part of the permit application.

(3) The permit shall not be approved by the chief until this information is made available in the application.

(C) Geology description.

(1) Each application shall include geologic information in sufficient detail to assist in determining:

(a) The probable hydrologic consequences of the operation upon the quality and quantity of surface and ground water in the permit and adjacent areas, including the extent to which surface and groundwater monitoring is necessary.

(b) All potentially acid- or toxic-forming strata down to and including the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined; and

(c) Whether reclamation as required by these rules can be accomplished and whether the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area.

(2)

(a) The description shall include a general statement of the geology within the proposed permit area and adjacent areas down to and including the deeper of either the first stratum below the lowest coal seam to be mined or any aquifer below the lowest coal seam to be mined which may be adversely affected by mining. It shall also include the areal and structural geology of the permit and adjacent areas, and the other parameters which influence the required reclamation, and shall show how the areal and structural geology may affect the occurrence, availability, movement, quantity, and quality of potentially affected surface and ground waters. It shall be based on:

(i) The cross sections, maps and plans required by paragraph (K) (B) of this rule 1501:13-4-08 of the Administrative Code;

(ii) The information obtained under paragraph (C)(3) of this rule; and

(iii) Geologic literature and practices.

(b) Each application for a permit shall contain the results of tests conducted on the area of land to be mined. Unless the chief first approves a fewer number of test holes, such tests shall consist of test holes made by the boring or drilling method and be conducted at the rate of one test hole for each twenty-five acres of land or fraction thereof, which is underlain by coal on the area of land to be mined. At least one test hole shall be located on the highest elevation in the area of land to be mined. Holes shall be located as far apart as the size and shape of the area of land to be mined will allow. Such holes shall be drilled to the bottom of the material underlying the lowest coal seam to be mined and shall be staked or otherwise marked at the time of filing the application for a permit so as to be clearly visible at the approximate location, and shall be numbered. Such stakes or other markers shall be maintained until the permit to conduct a coal mining operation is granted or denied.

(3) Test borings or core samples.

(a) Test borings or core samples from the proposed permit area shall be collected and analyzed down to and including the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined. Individual drilling reports shall be furnished for each test boring or core sampling and shall contain the following information on forms prescribed by the chief:

(i) Location of subsurface water, if encountered;

(ii) Lithologic characteristics including physical properties and thickness of each stratum and each coal seam;

(iii) Chemical analyses to include pH, neutralization potential, potential acidity, total or pyritic sulfur, and calcium carbonate deficiency of each stratum;

(iv) Analyses of the coal seam for acid-forming or toxic-forming materials, including, but not limited to, an analysis of the total sulfur and the sulfur present in pyrite and marcasite;

(v) Identification of the test hole by the number assigned in paragraph (C)(2)(b) of this rule; and

(vi) Identification of all coal seams by name and number.

(b) To verify the results of the applicant's tests, the chief may, prior to approval of the application, require the applicant to drill additional test holes and provide the information required in paragraph (C)(3)(a) of this rule.

(c) If more precise information than can be provided by drilling techniques is warranted by potentially adverse site conditions, the chief may require that the test hole information required in paragraph (C)(3) of this rule be obtained by core drilling.

(4) Prior to submission of an application, an applicant may request that the requirements of paragraphs (C)(2)(b) and (C)(3)(a) of this rule be waived by the chief. The waiver may be granted only if the chief makes a written determination that the statement required is unnecessary because other equivalent information is accessible to him or her in a satisfactory form. If the chief grants a waiver the waiver shall be submitted with the permit application.

(D) Ground water information.

(1) The application shall contain a description of the ground water hydrology for the proposed permit and adjacent areas, including, at a minimum:

(a) The depth below the surface and the horizontal extent of the water table and aquifers;

(b) The lithology and thickness of the aquifers;

(c) Known uses of the water in the aquifers and water table;

(d) The quality of subsurface water, if encountered;

(e) The depth to the water in the coal seam if the seam is a water-bearing stratum, and each water-bearing stratum above and potentially affected water-bearing stratum below the coal seam; and (f) The approximate rate of discharge or usage of the water.

(2) The application shall contain a water supply inventory to include, at a minimum:

(a) A list of existing water wells on the proposed permit and adjacent areas to describe the quality and quantity of the ground water to include:

(i) Identification number of the well;

(ii) Surface elevation of the well;

(iii) Depth of the well in feet below the land surface;

(iv) Static water level of the well in feet below the land surface;

(v) The lithology of the aquifer in which each well is developed; and

(vi) Name of owner of the well;

(b) A list of existing springs on the proposed permit and adjacent areas to include:

(i) Identification number of the spring;

(ii) Name of owner of any spring that is developed for use as a water supply;

(iii) The surface elevation of the spring; and

(iv) The aquifer each spring flows from; and

(c) A list of the location and type of any public water supply sources on the permit and adjacent areas.

(3) Where information required in the water supply inventory of paragraph (D)(2) of this rule is unobtainable, a statement to that effect shall be made, giving the reasons therefor.

(4) The application shall contain the results of water quality analyses and measurements of static water level or discharge, conducted on at least ten (or all if less than ten) of the wells and springs on the permit and adjacent areas or twenty-five per cent of such wells and springs, whichever number is greater.

(a) Wells and springs chosen for analysis and measurement shall, as a group, represent all known aquifers present in the permit and adjacent areas and shall, wherever possible, be those nearest to or on the permit area.

(b) Sampling for water quality analysis shall be conducted at a minimum one time prior to submission of an application for a permit.

(c) The measurement of static water level or discharge shall be conducted for each well and spring identified in paragraph (D)(4) of this rule at a minimum one time prior to submission of an application for a permit.

(d) Water samples collected at the sites prescribed in paragraph (D)(4) of this rule shall be analyzed for the following parameters according to the methodology specified in 40 C.F.R. parts 136 and 434:

(i) pH in standard units;

(ii) Total acidity in milligrams per liter of CaCO₃;

(iii) Total alkalinity in milligrams per liter of CaCO₃;

(iv) Total manganese in milligrams per liter;

(v) Total iron in milligrams per liter;

(vi) Total hardness in milligrams per liter of CaCO₃;

(vii) Total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to twenty-five degrees centigrade;

(viii) Total aluminum in milligrams per liter;

(ix) Total sulfates in milligrams per liter; and

(x) Other such information as the chief determines relevant.

(e) The results of water quality analyses and measurements prescribed in paragraph (D) of this rule shall be reported on a form to be provided by the chief.

(5) Water quality and quantity data sufficient to identify seasonal variations pursuant to paragraph (D)(6) or (D)(7) of this rule shall be submitted with an application for a permit.

(6) Identifying seasonal variations for ground water and surface water. For each application, the applicant shall submit three water samples from each required sampling site designated pursuant to paragraphs (D)(4) and (E)(1) of this rule. One sample shall be from the low flow period, one sample from the high flow period, and one sample from either of the intermediate flow periods, as established in the following table:

Flow Periods and Duration of Flow Periods

Low Flow	August 16 to October 31
Transition Flow	November 1 to November 15
Intermediate Flow	November 16 to January 31
Transition Flow	February 1 to February 14
High Flow	February 15 to April 30
Transition Flow	May 1 to May 15
Intermediate Flow	May 16 to July 31
Transition Flow	August 1 to August 15

(a) For samples submitted to meet the seasonal variations requirements, the period between consecutive samples shall be at least thirty days, but not more than eighteen months, and no sample shall be collected more than thirty-six months before the date of submission of the application to the chief. A sample that exceeds the eighteen month or thirty-six month time limit of this paragraph may be acceptable if the applicant submits the following information with the sample:

(i) The date and sampling site of the sample; and

(ii) A description of all land disturbance activities that existed at the time of the sample date or that have occurred since the sample date within the local watershed that could affect the quality and quantity of the surface water or ground water. The description shall include, but is not limited to, land disturbances such as mining operations, highway construction, cut and fill operations, building construction, and dam construction or demolition.

(iii) A sample that exceeds the eighteen month or thirty-six month time limit is acceptable only if the chief determines that it is still representative of the quality and quantity of the surface water or ground water at the time of submission of the application.

(b) The applicant is not required to collect samples from consecutive flow periods.

(c) The applicant may record a low flow sample as "no flow" if the applicant documents that the applicant made at least two attempts, at least thirty days apart, to collect a flow at that site during the low flow period.

(d) Transition flow periods. A sample obtained during a transition flow period may be used for either the preceding or succeeding flow period if the following conditions are met:

(i) The applicant submits documentation showing that the sample from the transition period accurately reflects the flow period for which the sample is submitted and the chief agrees with this assessment;

(ii) The sample obtained during a transition period is not used for both the preceding and succeeding flow periods;

(iii) At least one of the three required samples is obtained during a flow period other than a transition period; and

(iv) The applicant submits precipitation data for the local watershed for the thirty days prior to the sample date.

(e) Substitute sampling site for one sample. The applicant may request, in writing, that a sample obtained from a site other than a designated sampling site be substituted for one of the three designated site samples. A sample from a substitute site shall not be used as the earliest of the three samples from a designated sampling site. The chief shall review this request and determine whether the substitute sampling site and the data collected from the site are acceptable. In making the request, the applicant shall:

(i) Describe how the substitute sampling site adequately represents the original sampling site;

(ii) Demonstrate that the substitute sampling site is located in the same aquifer as the original sampling site;

(iii) Demonstrate that the geology of the groundwater recharge area of the substitute site, as well as the surface disturbance of the recharge area of the substitute site, are similar to that of the original site;

(iv) Demonstrate that the substitute sampling site represents and performs the same function as the original site;

(v) Demonstrate that the analysis of the water quality and quantity data from the substitute site accurately represents the quality and quantity of the water at the original site and explain any anomalies in water quality or quantity at the substitute site;

(vi) Demonstrate that the flow obtained at the substitute site was obtained during the flow period missed at the original site;

(vii) Include precipitation data for the thirty days prior to the sample date at the substitute site;

(viii) Provide a description of the location of the substitute sampling site relative to the original sampling location. The description shall include bearing and distance measurements from the original sampling location to the substitute sampling location; and

(ix) Submit additional information if required by the chief to support the use of a substitute sample.

(f) The applicant may submit additional samples and other data related to seasonal variations beyond that submitted to meet the minimum requirements of paragraph (D)(6) of this rule.

(7) Water quality and quantity data collected and described other than as required by paragraph (D)(6) of this rule may be submitted to identify seasonal variations in ground water and surface water, provided the chief determines that the alternative data are sufficient to identify seasonal variations needed for the hydrologic assessments required by Chapter 1513. of the Revised Code and the rules adopted thereunder.

(E) Surface-water information.

(1) Within the proposed permit and adjacent areas, all surface-water bodies such as streams, lakes and impoundments and all discharges from the permit area into surface-water bodies shall be described and sampled for analysis under paragraph (E) of this rule. The description shall include the name of any watershed that will receive water discharges, the name, ownership and location of all surface-water bodies and the known uses of the water in these water bodies.

(2) Water samples collected under paragraph (E) of this rule shall be analyzed according to the methodology specified in 40 C.F.R. parts 136 and 434. Surface water information shall include the following water quality data to identify the characteristics of surface waters within the proposed permit and adjacent areas:

(a) Total suspended solids in milligrams per liter;

(b) Total acidity in milligrams per liter of CaCO₃;

(c) Total alkalinity in milligrams per liter of CaCO₃;

(d) pH in standard units;

(e) Total iron in milligrams per liter;

(f) Total manganese in milligrams per liter;

(g) Total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to twenty-five degrees centigrade;

(h) Total aluminum in milligrams per liter;

(i) Total sulfates in milligrams per liter; and

(j) Other such information as the chief determines relevant.

(3) Water quality and quantity data sufficient to identify seasonal variations pursuant to paragraph (D)(6) or (D)(7) of this rule shall be submitted with an application for a permit.

(4) The results of water quality analyses and measurements prescribed in paragraph (E) of this rule shall be reported on a form to be provided by the chief.

(F) Alternative water supply information. The application shall identify the extent to which the proposed coal mining operations may proximately result in contamination, diminution, or interruption of an underground or surface source of water that is for domestic, agricultural, industrial, or other legitimate use. If contamination, diminution, or interruption may result, then the description shall contain information on water availability and alternative sources of water, including the suitability of alternative water sources for existing premining uses and approved post-mining land uses.

(G) Supplemental information. If the determination of the probable hydrologic consequences required by paragraph (E)(2) of rule 1501:13-4-05 of the Administrative Code indicates that adverse impacts on or off the proposed permit area may occur to the hydrologic balance, or that acid-forming or toxic-forming material is present that may result in the contamination of ground-water or surface-water supplies, then information supplemental to that required under paragraphs (D) and (E) of this rule shall be provided to evaluate such probable hydrologic consequences and to plan remedial and reclamation activities. Such supplemental information may be based upon drilling, aquifer tests, hydrogeologic analysis of the water-bearing strata, flood flows, or analyses of other water quality or quantity characteristics.

(H) Climatological information.

(1) When required by the chief, the application shall contain a statement of the climatological factors that are representative of the proposed permit area, including:

(a) The average seasonal precipitation;

(b) The average direction and velocity of prevailing winds; and

(c) Seasonal temperature ranges.

(2) The chief may request such additional data as deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the requirements of these rules.

(I) Land-use information.

(1) The application shall contain a statement of the condition, capability, and productivity of the land within the proposed permit area, including:

(a) A map and supporting narrative of the uses of the land existing at the time of the filing of the application. If the premining use of the land was changed within five years before the anticipated date of beginning the proposed operations, the historic use of the land shall also be described.

(b) A narrative of the land capability and productivity, which analyzes the land use described under paragraph (I)(1)(a) of this rule in conjunction with other environmental resources information required under these rules. The narrative shall provide analyses of:

(i) The capability of the land before any mining to support a variety of uses, giving consideration to soil and foundation characteristics, topography, vegetative cover and the hydrology of the proposed permit area; and

(ii) The productivity of the proposed permit area before mining, including appropriate classification as prime farmlands, as well as the average yield of food, fiber, forage, or wood products from the land obtained under high level of management. The productivity shall be determined by yield data or estimates for similar sites based on current data from the United States department of agriculture, state agricultural universities, or appropriate state natural resources or agricultural agencies.

(2) The application shall state whether the proposed permit area has been previously mined, and if so, the following information, if available:

(a) The type of mining method used;

(b) The coal seams or other mineral strata mined;

(c) The extent of coal or other minerals removed;

(d) The approximate dates of past mining; and

(e) The uses of the land preceding mining.

(3) The application shall contain a description of the existing land uses and land use classifications under local law, if any, of the proposed permit and adjacent areas.

(J) Maps: general requirements. The permit application shall include an application map prepared by or under the direction of and certified by a surveyor or jointly by a an engineer and a surveyor, to the extent such joint certification is required by state law, showing:

(1) All boundaries of lands and names of present owners of record of those lands, both surface and subsurface, included in or contiguous to the permit area; noting the boundaries of land within the proposed permit area upon which the applicant has the legal right to enter and begin coal mining operations and which areas the applicant does not yet have this right;

(2) The location of all buildings on and within one thousand feet of the proposed permit area, with identification of the current use of the buildings using the map symbols set forth in rule 1501:13-4-10 of the Administrative Code;

(3) The location of surface and subsurface man-made features within, passing through, or passing over the proposed permit area;

(4) The locations of water supply intakes for current users of surface water flowing into, out of, and within a hydrologic area defined by the chief, those surface waters which will receive discharges from affected areas in the proposed permit area and the location of any discharges to any surface body of water on or adjacent to the land to be affected;

(5) Each public road located in or within one hundred feet of the proposed permit area;

(6) The boundaries of any public park and locations of any cultural or historical resources listed or eligible for listing on the "National Register of Historic Places," as referenced in paragraph (A)(2)(a) of this rule, and known archeological sites within the proposed permit and adjacent area;

(7) Each cemetery that is located in or within one hundred feet of the proposed permit area;

(8) Any land within the proposed permit area or adjacent area which is within the boundaries of any units of the national system of trails or the wild and scenic rivers system, including study rivers designated under section 5(a) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, 16 U.S.C. 1271 et seq., or study rivers or study river corridors as established in any guidelines pursuant to that act;

(9) The boundaries and names of counties, municipal corporations, townships, section and lot lines within the permit area and within five hundred feet of the permit area;

(10) The names, locations, and directions of flow of all perennial and intermittent streams within the permit area and within five hundred feet of the permit area;

(11) The name of the drainage basin in which the permit area is located as listed in the "Gazetteer of Ohio Streams," published by the Ohio department of natural resources;

(12) That part of the permit area that is prime farmland;

(13) The areas of land to be permitted on which steep slope mining, mountaintop removal, and augering will be performed;

(14) The drainage control system to include the location of:

(a) Each sediment pond and the pond identification number;

(b) Any diversions; and

(c) Any treatment facilities;

(15) All haul roads and access roads proposed to be constructed in conjunction with the operations, and all existing haul roads and access roads to be used in conjunction with the operation;

(16) The location of the proposed final highwall for each coal seam to be mined;

(17) The point at which mining operations will begin and the point at which mining operations will end on the permit area;

(18) Elevations and locations of test borings and core samplings;

(19) Elevations and locations of monitoring stations used to gather data for water quality and quantity, fish and wildlife, and air quality, if required, in preparation of the application;

(20) All coal crop lines and the strike and dip of the coal to be mined in the proposed permit area;

(21) Location and extent of known workings of active, inactive, or abandoned underground mines, including mine openings to the surface within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;

(22) Location and extent of subsurface water, if encountered, within the proposed permit or adjacent areas;

(23) Location of surface water bodies such as streams, lakes, ponds, springs, constructed or natural drains, and irrigation ditches within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;

(24) Location and extent of existing or previously surface-mined areas within the proposed permit area;

(25) Location and extent of existing areas of spoil, waste, and refuse, dams, embankments, other impoundments, and water treatment and air pollution control facilities within the proposed permit area;

(26) Location of gas and oil wells within the proposed permit area and water wells in the permit area and within one thousand feet of the permit area;

(27) The location and start and end points of all submitted cross sections;

(28) Sufficient slope measurements, in degrees, to adequately represent the existing land surface configuration of the proposed permit area;

(29) The boundaries of all areas proposed to be affected over the estimated total life of the proposed mining operation, with a description of size, sequence, and timing of the mining of sub-areas for which it is anticipated that additional permits will be sought;

(30) Buildings, utility corridors;

(31) Each coal storage, cleaning and loading area;

(32) Each topsoil, spoil, coal waste, and noncoal waste storage area;

(33) Each air pollution collection and control facility;

(34) Each facility to be used to protect and enhance fish and wildlife and related environmental values;

(35) Each explosive storage and handling facility; and

(36) Other relevant information required by the chief.

(K) Supplementary maps, cross sections, designs and plans. When necessary under these rules, the application shall include:

(1) Designs and plans prepared and certified by an engineer for the following:

(a) Sedimentation ponds, impoundments, coal mine waste banks, and coal mine waste dams;

(b) Spoil disposal facilities;

(c) The sealing or managing of any mine openings within the proposed permit area;

(d) Stream channel diversions and other diversions to be constructed within the proposed permit area to achieve compliance with paragraphs (D) and (F) of rule 1501:13-9-04 of the Administrative Code; and

(e) Road stream crossings, bridges, culverts, drainages, ditches, drainage structures, road cuts, and fill embankments.

(2) Supplementary maps and cross sections, prepared by or under the direction of and certified by an engineer or jointly by an engineer and a surveyor to the extent such joint certification is required by state law, showing:

(a) Each sedimentation pond, permanent water impoundment, coal mine waste bank and coal mine waste dam;

(b) The fill area for the disposal of excess spoil;

(c) The nature, depth, and thickness of the coal seams to be mined, each stratum of the overburden, and the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined;

(d) The permit area, the original surface topography and the proposed final surface contour;

(e) The location of the proposed final highwall;

(f) The location of each waste disposal facility relating to coal processing or pollution control;

(g) The location of any mine openings within the proposed permit area;

(h) Stream channel diversions and other diversions to be constructed within the proposed permit area to achieve compliance with paragraphs (D) and (F) of rule 1501:13-9-04 of the Administrative Code; and

(i) Road widths, road gradients, road surfaces, road cuts, fill embankments, culverts, bridges, drainages, ditches, and drainage structures.

(L) (J) Prime farmland investigation.

(1) The applicant shall conduct a pre-application investigation of the proposed permit area to determine whether lands within the area may be prime farmland. The chief, in consultation with the U.S. natural resources conservation service, shall determine the nature and extent of this investigation.

(2) Land shall not be considered prime farmland if the applicant can demonstrate that:

(a) The land has not been historically used for cropland; or

(b) On the basis of a soil survey of lands within the permit area, there are no soil map units that have been designated prime farmland by the U.S. natural resources conservation service.

(3) If the investigation establishes that the lands are not prime farmland, the applicant shall submit with the permit application a request for a negative determination which shows that the land for which the negative determination is sought meets one of the criteria of paragraph (L) (J)(2) of this rule.

(4) If the investigation indicates that lands within the proposed permit area may be prime farmlands, the applicant shall contact the U.S. natural resources conservation service to determine if a soil survey exists for those lands and whether the applicable soil map units have been designated as prime farmlands. If no soil survey has been made for the lands within the proposed permit area, the applicant shall cause a survey to be made that is of the detail of a second order soil survey used by the U.S. natural resources conservation service for operational conservation planning. This survey shall be used to identify and locate prime farmland soils.

(a) When a soil survey made pursuant to paragraph (L) (J)(4) of this rule indicates that the land contains soil map units which have been designated as prime farmlands, the applicant shall submit an application, in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (F) of rule 1501:13-4-12 of the Administrative Code, for such designated land.

(b) When a soil survey made pursuant to paragraph (L) (J)(4) of this rule indicates that the land contains soil map units which have not been designated as prime farmland after review by the U.S. natural resources conservation service, the applicant shall submit a request for negative determination for non-designated land with the permit application establishing compliance with paragraph (L) (J)(2) of this rule.

(M) (K) For dates of federal rules and federal laws referenced in this rule, see rule 1501:13-1-14 of the Administrative Code.

Notes

Ohio Admin. Code 1501:13-4-04

Five Year Review (FYR) Dates: 11/30/2021 and 11/30/2026
Promulgated Under: 119.03
Statutory Authority: 1513.02
Rule Amplifies: 1513.07
Prior Effective Dates: 08/28/1978, 05/01/1980, 08/16/1982 (Emer.), 11/15/1982, 11/23/1983 (Emer.), 03/04/1984, 08/12/1985 (Emer.), 02/20/1986, 10/01/1988, 02/12/2009, 10/28/2010, 01/17/2016

Effective: 1/17/2016
Five Year Review (FYR) Dates: 11/02/2015 and 01/16/2021
Promulgated Under: 119.03
Statutory Authority: 1513.02
Rule Amplifies: 1513.07
Prior Effective Dates: 8/28/78, 5/1/80, 8/16/82 (Emer.), 11/15/82, 11/23/83 (Emer.), 3/4/84, 8/12/85 (Emer.), 2/20/86, 10/1/88, 2/12/09, 10/28/10