Ohio Admin. Code 3745-256-33 - Closed-vent systems and control devices - process vents
(A)
(1) Owners or operators of closed-vent
systems and control devices used to comply with rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code shall comply with this rule.
(2)
(a) The
owner or operator of an existing facility who cannot install a closed-vent
system and control device to comply with rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code on the effective date that the facility becomes subject to
the requirements of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code shall prepare an implementation schedule that includes
dates by which the closed-vent system and control device will be installed and
in operation. The controls shall be installed as soon as possible, but the
implementation schedule may allow up to thirty months after the effective date
that the facility becomes subject to rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code for installation and startup.
(b) Any unit that begins operation after
December 21, 1990 and is subject to the requirements of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code when operation begins, shall comply with the rules
immediately (i.e., shall have control devices installed and operating on
startup of the affected unit); the thirty-month implementation schedule does
not apply.
(c) The owner or
operator of any facility in existence on the effective date of a statutory or
Ohio EPA regulatory amendment that renders the facility subject to rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code shall comply with all requirements of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code as soon as practicable but no later than thirty months
after the amendment's effective date. When control equipment required by rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code cannot be installed and begin operation by the effective
date of the amendment, the facility owner or operator shall prepare an
implementation schedule that includes specific calendar dates for award of
contracts or issuance of purchase orders for the control equipment, initiation
of on-site installation of the control equipment, completion of the control
equipment installation, and performance of any testing to demonstrate that the
installed equipment meets the applicable standards of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code. The owner or operator shall enter the implementation
schedule in the operating record or in a permanent, readily available file
located at the facility.
(d) Owners
and operators of facilities and units that become newly subject to the
requirements of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code after December 8, 1997, due to an action other than those
described in paragraph (A)(2)(c) of this rule shall comply with all applicable
requirements immediately (i.e., shall have control devices installed and
operating on the date the facility or unit becomes subject to rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code; the thirty-month implementation schedule does not
apply).
(B) A
control device involving vapor recovery (e.g., a condenser or adsorber) shall
be designed and operated to recover the organic vapors vented to the control
device with an efficiency of ninety-five weight per cent or greater unless the
total organic emission limits of paragraph (A)(1) of rule
3745-256-32 of the
Administrative Code for all affected process vents can be attained at an
efficiency less than ninety-five weight per cent.
(C) An enclosed combustion device (e.g., a
vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) shall be designed and operated to
reduce the organic emissions vented to it by ninety-five weight per cent or
greater; to achieve a total organic compound concentration of twenty parts per
million by volume (ppmv), expressed as the sum of the actual compounds, not
carbon equivalents, on a dry basis corrected to three per cent oxygen; or to
provide a minimum residence time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of
seven hundred sixty degrees Celsius. If a boiler or process heater is used as
the control device, then the vent stream shall be introduced into the flame
combustion zone of the boiler or process heater.
(D)
(1) A
flare shall be designed for and operated with no visible emissions as
determined by the methods specified in paragraph (E)(1) of this rule, except
for periods not to exceed a total of five minutes during any two consecutive
hours.
(2) A flare shall be
operated with a flame present at all times, as determined by the methods
specified in paragraph (F)(2)(c) of this rule.
(3) A flare shall be used only if the net
heating value of the gas being combusted is 11.2 MegaJoules per standard cubic
meter of gas (MJ/scm) [three hundred British thermal units per standard cubic
foot (Btu/scf)] or greater, if the flare is steam-assisted or air-assisted; or
if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is 7.45 MJ/scm (two hundred
Btu/scf) or greater if the flare is non-assisted. The net heating value of the
gas being combusted shall be determined by the methods specified in paragraph
(E)(2) of this rule.
(4)
(a) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
shall be designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the
methods specified in paragraph (E)(3) of this rule, of less than 18.3 meters
per second (m/s) [sixty feet per second (ft/s)], except as provided in
paragraphs (D)(4)(b) and (D)(4)(c) of this rule.
(b) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in paragraph (E)(3) of this rule, equal to or greater than 18.3 m/s
(sixty ft/s) but less than one hundred twenty-two m/s (four hundred ft/s) is
allowed if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is greater than
37.3 MJ/scm (one thousand Btu/scf).
(c) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in paragraph (E)(3) of this rule, less than the velocity,
Vmax, as determined by the method specified in paragraph
(E)(4) of this rule, and less than one hundred twenty-two m/s (four hundred
ft/s) is allowed.
(5) An
air-assisted flare shall be designed and operated with an exit velocity less
than the velocity, Vmax, as determined by the method
specified in paragraph (E)(5) of this rule.
(6) A flare used to comply with this rule
shall be steam-assisted, air-assisted, or non-assisted.
(E)
(1)
Reference method 22 in 40 CFR Part 60 shall be used to determine the compliance
of a flare with the visible emission provisions of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code. The observation period is two hours and shall be used
according to method 22.
(2) The net
heating value of the gas being combusted in a flare shall be calculated using
the following equation:
Click to view image
Where:
HT = Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm; where the net enthalpy per mole (mol) of offgas is based on combustion at twenty-five degrees Celsius and seven hundred sixty millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to one mol is twenty degrees Celsius;
K = Constant, 1.74 x 10-7 (1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal) where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is twenty degrees Celsius; ppm means parts per million, g mol/scm means gram mole per standard cubic meter of gas, MJ/kcal means MegaJoules per kilocalorie;
Ci = Concentration of sample component i
in ppm on a wet basis, as measured for organics by reference method 18 in 40
CFR Part 60 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM
method D1946-82 (incorporated by reference in rule 3745-50-11 of the
Administrative Code); and
Hi = Net heat of combustion of sample
component i, kcal/g mol at twenty-five degrees Celsius and seven hundred sixty
mm Hg. The heats of combustion may be determined using ASTM
method D2382-83 (incorporated by reference as specified in rule 3745-50-11
of the Administrative Code) if published values are not available or
cannot be calculated.
(3)
The actual exit velocity of a flare shall be determined by dividing the
volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and pressure), as
determined by reference method 2, method 2A, method 2C, or method 2D in 40 CFR
Part 60 as appropriate, by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area of the
flare tip.
(4) The maximum allowed
velocity in m/s, Vmax, for a flare complying with
paragraph (D)(4)(c) of this rule shall be determined by the following equation:
Click to view image
Where:
HT = The net heating value as determined in paragraph (E)(2) of this rule.
28.8 = Constant.
31.7 = Constant.
(5) The maximum allowed velocity in m/s,
Vmax, for an air-assisted flare shall be determined by
the following equation:
Vmax = 8.706 + 0.7084 (HT)
Where:
8.706 = Constant.
0.7084 = Constant.
HT = The net heating value as determined in paragraph (E)(2) of this rule.
(F) The owner or operator shall monitor and
inspect each control device required to comply with this rule to ensure proper
operation and maintenance of the control device by implementing the following
requirements:
(1) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a flow
indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected process
vent to the control device at least once every hour. The flow indicator sensor
shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the
control device inlet, but before being combined with other vent
streams.
(2) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a device
to continuously monitor control device operation as specified here:
(a) For a thermal vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall have an accuracy of plus or minus one per cent of the temperature being
monitored in degrees Celsius or plus or minus 0.5 degrees Celsius, whichever is
greater. The temperature sensor shall be installed at a location in the
combustion chamber downstream of the combustion zone.
(b) For a catalytic vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
shall be capable of monitoring temperature at two locations and have an
accuracy of plus or minus one per cent of the temperature being monitored in
degrees Celsius or plus or minus 0.5 degrees Celsius, whichever is greater. One
temperature sensor shall be installed in the vent stream at the nearest
feasible point to the catalyst bed inlet and a second temperature sensor shall
be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst
bed outlet.
(c) For a flare, a heat
sensing monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates
the continuous ignition of the pilot flame.
(d) For a boiler or process heater having a
design heat input capacity less than forty-four megawatts (MW), a temperature
monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall have an
accuracy of plus or minus one per cent of the temperature being monitored in
degrees Celsius or plus or minus 0.5 degrees Celsius, whichever is greater. The
temperature sensor shall be installed at a location in the furnace downstream
of the combustion zone.
(e) For a
boiler or process heater having a design heat input capacity greater than or
equal to forty-four MW, a monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder
to measure parameters that indicate good combustion operating practices are
being used.
(f) For a condenser,
either:
(i) A monitoring device equipped with
a continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic
compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the condenser; or
(ii) A temperature monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring
temperature with an accuracy of plus or minus one per cent of the temperature
being monitored in degrees Celsius or plus or minus 0.5 degrees Celsius,
whichever is greater. The temperature sensor shall be installed at a location
in the exhaust vent stream from the condenser exit (i.e., product
side).
(g) For a carbon
adsorption system such as a fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the
carbon bed directly in the control device, either:
(i) A monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic compounds
in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon bed; or
(ii) A monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure a parameter that indicates the carbon bed is
regenerated on a regular, predetermined time cycle.
(3) Inspect the readings from each
monitoring device required by paragraphs (F)(1) and (F)(2) of this rule at
least once each operating day to check control device operation and, if
necessary, immediately implement the corrective measures necessary to ensure
the control device operates in compliance with the requirements of this
rule.
(G) An owner or
operator using a carbon adsorption system such as a fixed-bed carbon adsorber
that regenerates the carbon bed directly on-site in the control device, shall
replace the existing carbon in the control device with fresh carbon at a
regular, predetermined time interval that is no longer than the carbon service
life established as a requirement of paragraph (B)(4)(c)(vi) of rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code.
(H) An owner
or operator using a carbon adsorption system such as a carbon canister that
does not regenerate the carbon bed directly on-site in the control device shall
replace the existing carbon in the control device with fresh carbon on a
regular basis by using one of the following procedures:
(1) Monitor the concentration level of the
organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon adsorption system
on a regular schedule and replace the existing carbon with fresh carbon
immediately when carbon breakthrough is indicated. The monitoring frequency
shall be daily or at an interval no greater than twenty per cent of the time
required to consume the total carbon working capacity established as a
requirement of paragraph (B)(4)(c)(vii) of rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code, whichever is longer.
(2) Replace the existing carbon with fresh
carbon at a regular, predetermined time interval that is less than the design
carbon replacement interval established as a requirement of paragraph
(B)(4)(c)(vii) of rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code.
(I)
An owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to comply with rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code by using a control device other than a thermal vapor
incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, flare, boiler, process heater,
condenser, or carbon adsorption system is required to develop documentation
including sufficient information to describe the control device operation and
identify the process parameter or parameters that indicate proper operation and
maintenance of the control device.
(J) A closed-vent system shall meet either of
the following design requirements:
(1) A
closed-vent system shall be designed to operate with no detectable emissions,
as indicated by an instrument reading of less than five hundred ppmv above
background as determined by the procedure in paragraph (B) of rule
3745-256-34 of the
Administrative Code, and by visual inspections; or
(2) A closed-vent system shall be designed to
operate at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. The system shall be equipped
with at least one pressure gauge or other pressure measurement device that can
be read from a readily accessible location to verify that negative pressure is
being maintained in the closed-vent system when the control device is
operating.
(K) The owner
or operator shall monitor and inspect each closed-vent system required to
comply with this rule to ensure proper operation and maintenance of the
closed-vent system by implementing the following requirements:
(1) Each closed-vent system that is used to
comply with paragraph (J)(1) of this rule shall be inspected and monitored in
accordance with the following requirements:
(a) An initial leak detection monitoring of
the closed-vent system shall be conducted by the owner or operator on or before
the date that the system becomes subject to this rule. The owner or operator
shall monitor the closed-vent system components and connections using the
procedures specified in paragraph (B) of rule
3745-256-34 of the
Administrative Code to demonstrate that the closed-vent system operates with no
detectable emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of less than five
hundred ppmv above background.
(b)
After initial leak detection monitoring required in paragraph (K)(1)(a) of this
rule, the owner or operator shall inspect and monitor the closed-vent system as
follows:
(i) Closed-vent system joints, seams,
or other connections that are permanently or semi-permanently sealed (e.g., a
welded joint between two sections of hard piping or a bolted and gasketed
ducting flange) shall be visually inspected at least once per year to check for
defects that could result in air pollutant emissions. The owner or operator
shall monitor a component or connection using the procedures specified in
paragraph (B) of rule
3745-256-34 of the
Administrative Code to demonstrate that it operates with no detectable
emissions following any time the component is repaired or replaced (e.g., a
section of damaged hard piping is replaced with new hard piping) or the
connection is unsealed (e.g., a flange is unbolted).
(ii) Closed-vent system components or
connections other than those specified in paragraph (K)(1)(b)(i) of this rule
shall be monitored annually and at other times as requested by the director,
except as provided for in paragraph (N) of this rule, using the procedures
specified in paragraph (B) of rule
3745-256-34 of the
Administrative Code to demonstrate that the components or connections operate
with no detectable emissions.
(c) In the event that a defect or leak is
detected, the owner or operator shall repair the defect or leak in accordance
with the requirements of paragraph (K)(3) of this rule.
(d) The owner or operator shall maintain a
record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements
specified in rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code.
(2)
Each closed-vent system that is used to comply with paragraph (J)(2) of this
rule shall be inspected and monitored in accordance with the following
requirements:
(a) The closed-vent system shall
be visually inspected by the owner or operator to check for defects that could
result in air pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to,
visible cracks, holes, or gaps in ductwork or piping or loose
connections.
(b) The owner or
operator shall perform an initial inspection of the closed-vent system on or
before the date that the system becomes subject to this rule. Thereafter, the
owner or operator shall perform the inspections at least once every
year.
(c) In the event that a
defect or leak is detected, the owner or operator shall repair the defect in
accordance with the requirements of paragraph (K)(3) of this rule.
(d) The owner or operator shall maintain a
record of the inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements
specified in rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code.
(3)
The owner or operator shall repair all detected defects as follows:
(a) Detectable emissions, as indicated by
visual inspection, or by an instrument reading greater than five hundred ppmv
above background, shall be controlled as soon as practicable, but not later
than fifteen calendar days after the emission is detected, except as provided
for in paragraph (K)(3)(c) of this rule.
(b) A first attempt at repair shall be made
no later than five calendar days after the emission is detected.
(c) Delay of repair of a closed-vent system
for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the repair is technically
infeasible without a process unit shutdown, or if the owner or operator
determines that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be greater than
the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair. Repair of such
equipment shall be completed by the end of the next process unit
shutdown.
(d) The owner or operator
shall maintain a record of the defect repair in accordance with the
requirements specified in rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code.
(L) Closed-vent systems and control devices
used to comply with rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code shall be operated at all times when emissions may be vented
to them.
(M) The owner or operator
using a carbon adsorption system to control air pollutant emissions shall
document that all carbon that is a hazardous waste and that is removed from the
control device is managed in one of the following manners, regardless of the
average volatile organic concentration of the carbon:
(1) Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal
treatment unit that meets one of the following:
(a) The owner or operator of the unit has
been issued a final permit under rules 3745-50-40 to
3745-50-235
Chapter 3745-50 of the
Administrative Code which implements the requirements of rules
3745-57-90 to
3745-57-93 of the Administrative
Code; or
(b) The unit is equipped
with and operating air emission controls in accordance with the applicable
requirements of rules
3745-256-30 to
3745-256-35 and
3745-256-80 to
3745-256-90
of the Administrative Code, or
rules 3745-205-30 to 3745-205-36 and
3745-205-80 to 3745-205-90 of the Administrative Code; or
(2) Incinerated in a hazardous
waste incinerator for which the owner or operator either:
(a) Has been issued a final permit under
rules 3745-50-40 to 3745-50-235
Chapter 3745-50 of the Administrative Code which
implements the requirements of rules
3745-57-40 to
3745-57-51 of the Administrative
Code; or
(b) Has designed and
operates the incinerator in accordance with the interim
status
standards requirements of rules
3745-68-40 to
3745-68-52 of the Administrative
Code.
(3) Burned in a
boiler or industrial furnace for which the owner or operator either:
(a) Has been issued a final permit under
rules 3745-50-40 to 3745-50-235
Chapter 3745-50 of the Administrative Code which
implements the requirements of rules
3745-266-100 to
3745-266-112 of the
Administrative Code; or
(b) Has
designed and operates the boiler or industrial furnace in accordance with the
interim status
standards requirements of rules
3745-266-100 to
3745-266-112 of the
Administrative Code.
(N) Any components of a closed-vent system
that are designated, as described in paragraph (C)(9) of rule
3745-256-35 of the
Administrative Code, as unsafe to monitor are exempt from the requirements of
paragraph (K)(1)(b)(ii) of this rule if:
(1)
The owner or operator of the closed-vent system determines that the components
of the closed-vent system are unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel
would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with
paragraph (K)(1)(b)(ii) of this rule; and
(2) The owner or operator of the closed-vent
system adheres to a written plan that requires monitoring the closed-vent
system components using the procedure specified in paragraph (K)(1)(b)(ii) of
this rule as frequently as practicable during safe-to-monitor times.
[Comment: For dates of non-regulatory government publications, publications of recognized organizations and associations, federal rules, and federal statutory provisions referenced in this rule, see rule 3745-50-11 of the Administrative Code titled "Incorporated by reference."]
Notes
Five Year Review (FYR) Dates: Exempt
Promulgated Under: 119.03
Statutory Authority: 3734.12
Rule Amplifies: 3734.12
Prior Effective Dates: 06/12/2023
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