[Comment: For the definitions of terms
used in this rule, see rule
3745-42-01 of the
Administrative Code.]
[Comment: For dates of non-regulatory
government publications, publications of recognized organizations and
associations, federal rules and federal statutory provisions referenced in this
rule, see rule
3745-42-01 of the
Administrative Code.]
(A) Definitions: as used in this
rule.
(1) "Aquifer system" means one or
more geologic units or formations that are wholly or partly saturated with
water and are able to store, transmit and yield significant amounts of water to
wells or springs.
(2) "ASTM D698" means the American
society for testing and material (ASTM)
standard test methods for laboratory compaction
characteristics of soil using standard effort, as that standard was approved on
June 10, 2000.
(3) "ASTM D2487" means the American
society for testing and material (ASTM)
standard practice for classification of soils for
engineering purposes, as that standard was approved on March 10,
2000.
(4) "At-grade system" means an
onsite disposal system, where treated sewage is conveyed to a dispersal field
that is constructed on or above in situ soil and covered by
soil.
(5) "CBOD " or "five-day
carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand" has the same
meani5
ng as
defined in 40 C.F.R. 136 (effective July 1, 2006).
(6) "Class A treated sewage" means
treated sewage treated in accordance with table K-2 of this
rule.
(7) "Class B treated sewage" means
treated sewage treated in accordance with table K-3 of this
rule.
(8) "Class C treated sewage" means
treated sewage treated in accordance with table K-4 of this
rule.
(9) "Controlled discharge" means an
NPDES permitted discharge that can occur when certain stream conditions exist
or when land application can not occur.
(10) "Dense glacial till" means
tills that impede the movement of treated water away from the site and cause
the formation of perched saturated conditions in the soil profile, especially
with the addition of wastewater.
(11) "Design flow" means the average
daily flow to the treatment works.
(12) "Discharging land application
system" means a land application system that:
(a) Regardless of whether a land
application contract allows isolation distance requirements to be waived, does
not meet the isolation distance requirements in this rule;
(b) Proposes to land apply on sites
where drain tiles are, or will be, less than two vertical feet below final
grade;
(c) Proposes to land apply on frozen
or snow covered ground;
(d) Proposes to land apply during
precipitation events; or
(e) Proposes a point source
discharge to waters of the state.
(13) "Disposal system" means
disposal system, as defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised
Code.
(14) "Drinking water source
protection area for a public water system using ground water" means the surface
and subsurface area surrounding a public water supply well(s) that will provide
water to the well(s) within five years as delineated or endorsed by the Ohio
EPA under the wellhead protection program and the source water assessment and
protection program
(15) "Emergency management zone" or
"EMZ" means the surface and subsurface area in the immediate vicinity of a
public water system intake as delineated or endorsed by the Ohio EPA under the
source water assessment and protection program within which the public water
supply owner or operator has little or no time to respond to potential
contamination from a spill, release, or weather-related event. The standard
emergency management zone boundary consists of a semi-circle that extends five
hundred feet upstream of the intake and one hundred feet downstream of the
intake, except as modified due to local conditions.
(16) "EPA" means environmental
protection agency.
(17) "Hydraulic balance" means an
accounting of the hydraulic inputs and outputs of a land application
system.
(18) "Inner management zone" means
the surface and subsurface area within a drinking water source protection area
for a public water system using ground water surrounding a public water supply
well(s) that will provide water to the well(s) within one year as delineated or
endorsed by the Ohio EPA under the wellhead protection program and the source
water assessment and protection program.
(19) "Karst" means a terrain with an
assemblage of landforms such as sinkholes and caves that are due to weathering
of predominantly carbonate bedrock.
(20) "Lagoon" means any earthen or
partially earthen impoundment that is used for the treatment of
sewage.
(21) "Land application" means evenly
spreading or spraying treated sewage onto the surface of the land for final
treatment or disposal.
(22) "Land application area" means
the site or location where treated sewage is applied to the ground surface for
treatment or disposal.
(23) "Land application contract"
means a deed showing ownership, or a contract or agreement that describes the
land where treated sewage will be applied and that allows treated sewage to be
land applied.
(24) "Land application management
plan" means a management plan governing the operation, maintenance, effluent
limits, and monitoring requirements of a land application
system.
(25) "Land application system" means
a disposal system that uses land application, thereby minimizing or eliminating
the discharge of treated sewage to waters of the state.
(26) "Low permeability" means a
permeability of less than two tenths of one inch per hour.
(27) "Normal ground water table"
means the shallowest depth of soil which is saturated with water for an
extended or permanent time period.
(28) "NPDES" means national
pollutant discharge elimination system.
(29) "Operator" means the person in
responsible charge of operating and maintaining the disposal system in
compliance with the NPDES permit or land application management plan. The
operator may or may not be the owner of the disposal system.
(30) "Person" means person, as
defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised Code.
(31) "Professional soil scientist"
means an individual with a baccalaureate degree with a major in agronomy,
soils, or a closely allied field of principles of pedology to soil
classification, investigation, education, and consultation and on the effect of
measured, observed and inferred soil properties and their use, and who is a
member of the Ohio association of pedologists or the American registry of
certified professionals in agronomy in crops and soil
(ARCPACS).
[Comment: A list of the professional
soil scientists in Ohio can be obtained from the association of Ohio
pedologists web site. The web link for this site is:
http://www.ohiopedologist.org/
.]
(32) "Public water system" has the
same meaning as defined in rule
3745-81-01
of the Administrative Code.
(33) "Publicly owned sanitary
sewers" means any centralized sewerage system other than those that are owned
by a private or semi-public entity.
(34) "Restricted access site" means
a site on which treated sewage may be placed with a limited probability that
the public will come into contact with the treated sewage. Such sites include,
but are not limited to, agricultural crop fields (i.e., nonhuman food crops),
and fenced-off meadows, pastures, woodlands, landscaping areas and other
private property.
(35) "Septage" means either liquid
or solid material removed from any septic tank, holding tank, cesspool,
portable toilet, type III marine sanitation device, or similar treatment
works.
(36) "Sewage" means sewage, as
defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised Code.
(37) "Sewerage system" means
sewerage system, as defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised
Code.
(38) "Significant zone of
saturation" means a zone of saturation that may act as a preferential pathway
of migration away from the limits of storage or application of treated
sewage.
(39) "Soil absorption system" means
the final treatment component of an onsite sewage treatment system that
utilizes absorption and adsorption to treat and disperse the treated sewage
into subsurface soils.
(40) "Source water assessment and
protection program" means Ohio EPA's program based on the Safe Drinking Water
Act, 42 U.S.C. 300(f), as amended in 1996, and approved by U.S. EPA, November,
1999.
(41) "Storage facility" means the
part of a treatment works, such as an earthen or man-made impoundment, that is
used solely for the storage of treated sewage.
(42) "Surface waters of the state"
means surface waters of the state, as defined in rule
3745-1-02 of the
Administrative Code.
(43) "Total inorganic nitrogen"
means the sum of nitrite-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and
ammonia-nitrogen.
(44) "Total maximum daily load"
means total maximum daily load, as defined in rule
3745-2-02 of the
Administrative Code.
(45) "Treated sewage" means sewage
treated by a treatment works.
(46) "Treatment works" means
treatment works, as defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised
Code.
(47) "UIC class V injection well"
means underground injection control (UIC) class V injection well as defined in
paragraph (E) of rule
3745-34-04
of the Administrative Code.
(48) "Unrestricted access site"
means a site on which treated sewage may be placed with a high potential for
the public to come into contact with the treated sewage. Such sites include,
but are not limited to, golf courses, parks, lawns and playing
fields.
(49) "Waters of the state" means
waters of the state, as defined in section 6111.01 of the Revised
Code.
(50) "Wellhead protection program"
means Ohio EPA's program based on the Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C.
300(f), as amended in 1986, and approved by U.S. EPA, November
1992.
[Comment: Federal regulations ("Code
of Federal Regulations" or "C.F.R."). Information and copies may be obtained by
writing to: "Superintendent of Documents, PO Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA
15250-7954." The full text is also available in electronic format at
http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html
. Compilations are also available for inspection and copying
at the state library of Ohio and most public libraries.]
(B)
(A)
Land application systems: purpose
and
exclusions.
The purpose of this rule is to
establish permit application requirements, design standards, siting
restrictions, operation and maintenance requirements and water quality and
monitoring frequency requirements for land application systems as part of the
director's supervision of the installation and operation and maintenance of
this type of sewage or liquid industrial waste disposal system. Portions of
this rule may apply for liquid industrial wastes land applied for agronomic
benefit. For the purposes of this rule, a liquid industrial waste agronomic
benefit shall provide for organic or nutrient enrichment of soil for plant
growth. The director may waive any requirement in paragraph (H), (L), or (M) of
this rule for any land application system where the treatment works is designed
for less than one thousand gallons per day.
(1) Purpose. The purpose of this
rule is to establish permit application requirements, design standards, siting
restrictions, operation and maintenance requirements and water quality and
monitoring frequency requirements for land application systems as part of the
director's supervision of the installation and operation and maintenance of
this type of sewage disposal system. The director may waive any requirement in
paragraph (H), paragraph (L) or paragraph (M) of this rule for any land
application system where the treatment works is designed for less than one
thousand gallons per day.
(2)(B)
Land application systems:
Exclusions
exclusions.
This rule does not apply to
the following:
(a)
(1)
Soil absorption systems. Examples of soil absorption systems are
as follows:
(i)
(a) Conventional leach
fields
;
.
(ii)
(b) Mound
systems
;
.
(iii)
(c) Below grade low
pressure pipe distribution systems, including drip distribution systems
; and
.
(iv)
(d)
At-grade gravity leach field dispersal systems
;
.
(b)
(2) The land application of domestic, commercial or
industrial septage
;
.
(c)
(3) The land
application of industrial waste
, unless the waste is
liquid and provides an agronomic benefit
;
or
.
(d)
(4) The land
application of grease from an internal grease trap or an external grease
interceptor.
(C) Land
application systems: prohibitions and restrictions.
(1) The land application of
untreated sewage is prohibited.
(2) No person shall land apply treated sewage
or liquid industrial wastes as follows:
(a) To natural wetlands or to constructed
wetlands, unless approved by Ohio EPA. The director may require an isolation
distance from natural or constructed wetlands to protect public health or the
environment
;
.
(b)
Within the ten-year floodplain. The director may prohibit the land application
of treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste
beyond the ten-year flood plain in order to protect public health or the
environment
;
.
(c)
During a precipitation event,
or when the forecast
indicates that there is at least a fifty per cent chance that 0.5 -inch of rain
will occur within twenty-four hours after land application, unless
permitted by
an NPDES
a national pollutant discharge elimination system (NPDES)
permit
;
.
(d) On
snow covered ground, unless permitted by an NPDES permit
;
.
(e) On frozen ground, unless permitted by an
NPDES permit
;
.
(f)
Using any form of spray distribution when the instantaneous wind speed exceeds
twenty miles per hour
;
.
(g) To
areas where a UIC class V injection well is present or within an area that
could affect a UIC class V injection well
;
.
(h) To areas where karst features, including
unimproved sinkholes, are present or within an area that would contribute
drainage that could affect the karst features
;
.
(i) To areas where a professional soil
scientist determines that any one of the following conditions exists below
natural grade:
(i) Bedrock within twelve
inches
;
.
(ii)
Fractured or karst bedrock within three feet
;
.
(iii) Sand or gravel lenses within twelve
inches
;
.
(iv)
Dense glacial till within twelve inches
;
or
.
(v) Normal ground water elevation within
twelve inches
;
.
(j) When the ground is saturated at or near
the surface, or any other condition that would result in runoff
; or
.
(k) To land where the land application
contract has expired or is void.
(3) The director may allow the land
application of treated sewage
or liquid industrial
waste to areas where the seasonal or perched ground water elevation
exists during part of the year less than twelve inches below natural grade,
provided
the following:
(a) The land application only occurs when the
normal ground water elevation, seasonal high ground water elevation, dense
glacial till, sand or gravel lenses, or bedrock is at least twelve inches below
natural grade
;
.
(b) The
storage volume requirements in table H-2 of this rule are met
; and
.
(c) Additional storage volume is provided for
all of the treated sewage
or liquid industrial
waste that is generated, when land application is prohibited due to
seasonal variations in the vertical separation distance.
(4)
Except as
provided in paragraph (E)(2) of this rule, no
No person shall operate a land application system
without an approved land application management plan.
(5)
Except as
provided in paragraph (E)(2) of this rule, no
No person shall operate a discharging land application
system without an approved NPDES permit and land application management
plan.
(D) Land
application systems: general requirements.
(1)
A land application system shall be designed, operated and maintained in
accordance with this chapter and all other applicable rules and laws. The
director may deny any land application system permit application that does not
contain the required information.
(2) No land application system shall
conflict with an areawide waste treatment management plan adopted in accordance
with section 208 of the Clean Water Act ( 33 U.S.C. section 1288, effective
February 4, 1987), in accordance with section 6111.03 of the Revised
Code.
[Comment: The rule contains
references to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean
Water Act. This federal statute is generally available to the public through
libraries and on-line sources, including the Ohio EPA and U.S. EPA
websites.]
(3) The design and siting of any
treatment works, including any storage facility, or land application area that
is part of a land application system shall take into consideration any water
quality problems in the watershed and contributing sources of pollution,
including any defined by a total maximum daily load (TMDL) project or report.
In order to protect public health or the environment, the director may also
require an applicant to consider surface waters that are not currently in
attainment or are awaiting an official TMDL.
(a) The following sources of
impairment shall be considered, where a TMDL has defined a load allocation or
wasteload allocation to maintain water quality standards:
(i) Sediment;
(ii) Fecal coliform
bacteria;
(iii) Nutrients; or
(iv) Dissolved
oxygen.
(b) In order to maintain load
allocations or wasteload allocations, as defined by a TMDL, the director may
require any person proposing to land apply treated sewage to:
(i) Maintain larger isolation
distances;
(ii) Achieve class A treated sewage
prior to land application; or
(iii) Reduce application
rates.
(4)
(2) Any land
application management plan application shall be on forms specified by the
director and shall include such additional information as the director deems
necessary.
(5)
(3)
Except as provided in
paragraph (E)(2) of this rule, no
No
person shall allow the discharge of treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste to waters of the state from a land application
system
installed after the effective date of this
rule without first obtaining an NPDES permit pursuant to Chapter
3745-33 of the Administrative Code.
(6)
(4) Any person
proposing to use a land application system to treat sewage from two or more
homes or to treat ten thousand gallons per day or greater
of sewage or liquid industrial waste, and not
proposing to contract with a public entity such as a county or municipality to
operate the disposal system, shall submit the following information to
demonstrate financial, legal and technical capability to own and operate a
disposal system:
(a) Financial and personnel
commitments that are needed to provide for effective management and operation
of the land application system
;
.
(b)
Documentation of ownership accountability, which includes the legal authority
to take the measures necessary for construction, operation, and maintenance of
the land application system
;
.
(c)
Assurances that the applicant has committed to proper operation and management
of the land application system, including assurance of compliance with
certified operator requirements in accordance with Chapter 3745-7 of the
Administrative Code
;
.
(d) The
organizational structure, credentials of management and operations personnel,
and cooperative agreements or service contracts
;
.
(e) Demonstration of the applicant's ability
to address both customer and compliance issues, including violations of
applicable portions of the Revised Code and the Administrative Code
; and
.
(f) A land application management plan in
accordance with paragraph (E) of this rule that includes
the following:
(i) A listing of external contacts and
resources and a description of how they will be effectively utilized
;
.
[Comment: External contracts and resources includes any
maintenance or oversight that is outsourced.]
(ii) A financial plan describing the land
application system revenues and cash flow for meeting the costs of construction
and the costs of operation and maintenance for at least five full years from
the date the applicant anticipates initiating operation. At a minimum, the
financial plan shall include
the following:
(a) Projected financial statements for each
of the first five years of operation, including
:
a balance sheet, an
income statement and a statement of cash flow.
(i)
A balance sheet;
(ii)
An income statement; and
(iii)
A statement of cash flow;
and
(b) A
demonstration of ability to fund the cost of repairs, capital replacement, and
compliance.
(7) Any person that is or will be
regulated as a public utility shall obtain and submit to the director a copy of
their certificate of necessity and need from the public utilities commission of
Ohio with the permit to install application.
(E) Land application systems: land
application management plan and NPDES permit requirements.
(1) Requirements for land
application systems installed after the effective date of this
rule.
(a)
(1) A land application system shall be protective of
public health and the environment.
(b)
(2) A land application
system shall be operated in accordance with an approved land application
management plan.
(c)
(3) Land application shall only occur at times
identified in the approved land application management plan.
(d)
(4)
Treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste shall
be land applied so as to minimize direct human contact, and the potential for
creating aerosols and mist.
(e)
(5) Signs shall be
installed at the entrance to each land application site, to inform the public
that the land is used for land application of treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste. At least one sign
shall be posted at each field or site. Each sign shall include notification
that
of the
folllowing:
(i)
(a) All above ground sewage
or
liquid industrial waste distribution pipes contain "Non-potable Water
that is Not Suitable for Human Consumption"
;
and
.
(ii)
(b) If applicable,
all nozzles distribute "Non-potable Water that is Not Suitable for Human
Consumption."
(f)
(6) No treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste shall be land applied
within the emergency management zone of a public water system using surface
water or within one thousand five hundred feet of any drinking water intake,
whichever is greater unless the treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste meets the water quality standards established for
the public water supply use designation under Chapter 3745-1 of the
Administrative Code.
(g)
(7) No person shall install a land application system
after
the effective date of this rule
July 1, 2007 without first obtaining
the following:
(i)
(a) For any land
application system
that will not discharge to waters
of the state, a
permit to install that
includes a land application management plan. A land application
management plan
shall conform to the
following
;
:
(a)(i)
Is
Be
effective for five years, starting from the date it was approved by the
director. A new land application management plan shall be submitted to Ohio EPA
at least six months prior to expiration of any existing land application
management plan. If a person submits a new land application management plan six
months prior to expiration of the existing plan and Ohio EPA has not approved
the new land application management plan prior to the expiration of the
existing land application management plan, the existing land application
management plan shall be effective until the new land application management
plan is approved by the director. If a person does not submit a new land
application management plan six months prior to expiration of the existing
plan, the existing land application management plan will expire at the end of
the five years
;
.
(b)(ii)
Shall be
Be in
narrative form and shall include
the following:
(i)
(a)
Information about the operator of the land application system, including
the following:
(A)
(i) The operator's
classification necessary for
the operating
the treatment works
;
.
(B)
(ii)
The number of hours per week that an operator will be working at the treatment
works or land application area
; and
.
(C)
(iii) A description of
the operator's experience in operating a land application system
;
.
(ii)
(b) A detailed description of the method or methods
used for sewage
or liquid industrial waste
handling and storage
;
.
(iii)
(c)
The
Characterization
of the treated sewage or liquid industrial waste, including proposed
effluent limits and corresponding minimum monitoring frequencies for the land
application system
;
.
[Comment: In accordance with paragraph
(O)(3)(d) of this rule, effluent limits apply at the point the effluent leaves
the treatment works, prior to storage, or prior to land application, if no
storage is provided.]
(iv)
(d) A
detailed description of how operation and maintenance records will be
maintained in accordance with this rule for the land application system
;
.
(v)
(e)
An equipment calibration and maintenance schedule
;
.
(vi)
(f)
Written justification supporting the determination of land application rates,
such as in inches per day. The land application rates shall ensure that no
runoff occurs into surface waters of the state
;
.
(vii)
(g)
Information on how any site specific management practices to prevent runoff
will be maintained
;
.
(viii)
(h) The
determination of appropriate weather conditions required for land
application
; and
.
(ix)
A map that:
(A)
(i)
Locates
A map that locates the present and known proposed
occupied buildings, non-occupied buildings, developments and areas easily
accessible to the public within three hundred feet of the land application
area
; and
.
(B)
(j)
Identifies
A map
that identifies the closest public sewerage system and its planning area,
such as established pursuant to section 208 of the
Clean Water Act ( 33 U.S.C. section 1288, effective February
4, 1987)
act, within one thousand feet of
the land application area
; and
.
(k)
A written contingency plan to protect human health and
the environment at down gradient receptors shall be prepared. At a minimum, the
contingency plan shall include the following response actions:
(i)
For unauthorized
releases to ground water from a storage facility or lagoon.
(ii)
For events,
including power outages or plant shutdowns, that result or could result in
impacts to the following:
(B)
Drainage tiles
that could affect surface water.
(C)
Public or
private water supplies.
(iii)
For years with excessive
wetness.
(iv)
If storage capacity is exceeded.
(v)
If the land
application contract should become void.
(vi)
Any other
requirements, as required by the director to mitigate an unauthorized
release.
(ii)
(b)
For any discharging land application system, a complete application for an
NPDES permit
that includes a land application
management plan in accordance with paragraphs (E)(1)(a) to
(E)(1)(g)(i)(b)(ix)(B) of this rule. When a land application management plan is
part of the NPDES permit, the only application fee required is the NPDES permit
application fee. No separate application fee or director's action is required
for a land application management plan that is submitted as part of an NPDES
permit
in addition to paragraph (E)(7)(a) of
this rule.
[Comment: All treatment works that discharge are subject to
water quality standards rules, Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code, and
shall be processed according to the procedures in rule
3745-1-05 of the
Administrative Code (antidegradation), Chapter 3745-2 of the Administrative
Code, Chapter 3745-33 of the Administrative Code, Chapter 3745-42 of the
Administrative Code and Chapter 3745-49 of the
Administrative Code.]
(2)
(8) Requirements for land application systems
installed prior to
the effective date of this
rule
July 1, 2007.
A land application system installed prior to July 1,
2007 shall be protective of public health and the environment. Where the
director, or the director's authorized representative determines that an
existing land application system is protective of public health and the
environment, the director may waive any requirement in paragraph (C), (D), or
paragraphs (F) to (N) of this rule in subsequent permits.
(a) A land application system
installed prior to the effective date of this rule shall be protective of
public health and the environment. Where the director, or his authorized
representative, determines that an existing land application system is
protective of public health and the environment, the director may waive any
requirement in paragraph (C), paragraph (D) or any requirement in paragraphs
(F) to (N) of this rule.
(b) For land application systems
installed prior to the effective date of this rule, any person that operates or
owns a land application system shall submit to the director the following
documents within five years after the effective date of this
rule:
(i) Effluent pollutant sampling and
monitoring records, for the past five years;
(ii) Flow monitoring records, for
the past five years; and
(iii) For any land application
system that:
(a)
Will not discharge, a land application
management plan in accordance with paragraph (E)(1) of this rule;
or
(b)
Will discharge, a complete application for
an NPDES permit and a land application management plan in accordance with
paragraph (E)(1) of this rule.
(c) Treated sewage shall be land
applied so as to minimize direct human contact, and the potential for creating
aerosols and mist.
(d) No treated sewage shall be land
applied within the emergency management zone of a public water system using
surface water or within one thousand five hundred feet of any drinking water
intake, whichever is greater unless the treated sewage meets the water quality
standards established for the public water supply use designation under Chapter
3745-1 of the Administrative Code.
(F) Land application systems: permit to
install application requirements.
The director may
deny any permit to install application that does not include the required
information. No person shall install a land application system after the
effective date of this rule without first obtaining a permit to install for the
land application system pursuant to Chapter 3745-42 of the Administrative
Code.
The following table summarizes the permit
to install application requirements for a land application system and is not
intended to be used in lieu of paragraphs (F)(1) to (F)(4) of this rule.
[Comment: The following table is
provided to assist the reader with understanding the permit to install
application requirements for a land application system and is not intended to
be used in lieu of paragraphs (F)(1) to (F)(4) of this rule. A checkmark
indicates what is required.]
STRIKE OLD
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view image
Table 13-1. Summary of permit to
install requirements.
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Permit to install
|
Design flow (gallons per day)
application requirements
|
|
Less than 10,000
|
Greater than or equal to
10,000
|
|
|
Land application rate
|
Land application rate
|
|
Less than or equal to 12 inches
per acre per year
|
Greater than 12 inches per acre
per year
|
Less than or equal to 12 inches
per acre per year
|
Greater than 12 inches per acre
per year
|
|
Rule paragraph
|
(F)(1)
|
(F)(2)
|
(F)(3)
|
(F)(4)
|
|
Engineering report
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Site investigation report
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Detailed plans and
specifications
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Land application contract
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
|
Treatment works operation and
maintenance plan
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
|
Land application management
plan
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
NPDES permit application
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
If applicable
|
|
Hydraulic and nutrient balance
for land application area
|
No
|
X
|
No
|
X
|
|
Ground water monitoring plan
for land application area
|
No
|
Case by case
|
No
|
Case by case
|
|
Ground water monitoring plan
for any storage facility
|
No
|
No
|
X
|
X
|
|
Ground water monitoring plan
for any lagoon
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Hydraulic balance for treatment
works
|
Minimal information
required
|
Minimal information
required
|
X
|
X
|
|
Determine background phosphorus
for land application area
|
No
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
|
Hydrogeological site
investigation for land application area
|
No
|
Minimal information
required
|
Minimal information
required
|
X
|
(1) The permit to
install application for any land application system with a design flow less
than ten thousand gallons per day and land application rates less than or equal
to twelve inches per acre per year shall
conform to the
following:
(a) Include a hydraulic
balance that
does the following:
(i) Describes the assumptions and provides
the calculations used to determine the initial and future design flows for the
land application system
; and
.
(ii)
Describes the assumptions and provides the calculations used to size the
treatment works, including a storage facility, the land application area, the
equipment and all appurtenances
;
.
(b) Include a site investigation report for
any lagoon, any storage facility or any land application area that is part of a
land application system. The site investigation report shall
conform to the following:
(i) Be prepared prior to any construction
activities
;
.
[Comment: If the construction activities include the
construction of a golf course, Ohio EPA recommends that the site investigation
be accomplished prior to the design of the golf course.]
(ii) Contain a soils and site evaluation for
any lagoon, any storage facility or any land application area that is part of a
land application system, in accordance with paragraph (N) of this rule
;
.
(iii) Contain for any lagoon, any storage
facility or any land application area that is part of a land application
system, a detailed description of the existing and proposed surface and
subsurface drainage ways within twenty feet of any lagoon or storage facility
and within twenty feet of any land application area. This description shall
include a map that is based on available records and any information obtained
from site visits. The map shall
locate the
following:
(a)
Locate all
All
surface drainage ways, including drainage swales, ditches, streams, rivers,
natural or constructed wetlands, and ponds and lakes
; and
.
(b)
Locate
all
All subsurface tiles and subsurface
drains within two vertical feet below natural grade
;
.
(iv) Contain for any lagoon, a
hydrogeologic site investigation report. The hydrogeological site investigation
report shall be developed in accordance with paragraph (M) of this rule
;
.
(v) Contain for any lagoon, a ground water
monitoring plan in accordance with paragraph (L) of this rule, if required by
paragraph (L) of this rule
; and
.
(vi)
Contain for any storage facility, in lieu of a hydrogeologic site investigation
report, publicly available published hydrogeologic information including, but
not limited to
the following:
(a) Ground water resource maps, ground water
pollution potential maps, surficial geology maps, and water well logs from the
Ohio department of natural resources
;
.
(b)
United States department of agriculture soil surveys
;
.
(c) United States geological survey
studies
;
.
(d)
Other readily available sources that cover an area within two thousand feet
from the boundaries of the site
; and
.
(e) The
results of all onsite geotechnical studies conducted at the site to include all
subsurface data gathered. If soil probes, soil pits or soil borings are
required to characterize the site, they shall be done in accordance with
paragraph (N) of this rule
;
.
(c) In accordance with
this chapter, include detailed engineering plans and specifications. In
addition to the other requirements of this chapter, the detailed engineering
plans shall also include a site plan that shall
conform
to the following:
[Comment: Isolation distances. In
the case of any reference to a building, the measurement shall be taken from
the outside wall of the building. In the case of any reference to a treatment
works or a component of the treatment works or a pump station, the measurement
shall be taken from the closest point on the perimeter of the treatment works,
the component of the treatment works, or the pump station. In the case of any
reference to a lagoon or storage facility, the measurement shall be taken from
the outer bank or the toe of the impoundment.]
(ii) Show isolation distances in accordance
with paragraphs (H) and (J) of this rule
;
.
[Comment: Isolation distances. In the
case of any reference to a building, the measurement shall be taken from the
outside wall of the building. In the case of any reference to a treatment works
or a component of the treatment works or a pump station, the measurement shall
be taken from the closest point on the perimeter of the treatment works, the
component of the treatment works, or the pump station. In the case of any
reference to a lagoon or storage facility, the measurement shall be taken from
the outer bank or the toe of the impoundment.]
(iii) Show any onsite treatment works,
buildings, storage facilities, land application areas, and land application or
distribution networks, and the application areas for each nozzle, center pivot
system or point of distribution
;
.
(iv)
Provide the location of buildings and roads within one hundred feet beyond the
perimeter of the land application system
;
.
(v) Provide the location of any public
drinking water supply intakes within one hundred feet beyond the perimeter of
the land application system on the detailed plans
;
.
(vi) Provide the location of any wells,
including drinking water wells and UIC class V injection wells
, within one hundred feet beyond the perimeter of the
land application system
;
.
(vii)
Provide the location of drinking water source protection areas and inner
management zones for public water systems using ground water
,
and emergency management zones for public water
systems using surface water within one hundred feet beyond the perimeter of the
land application system
; and
.
(viii)
Provide the location of the existing and proposed surface and subsurface
drainage ways within twenty feet of any lagoon, any storage facility or any
land application area
;
.
(d) Include a land application contract for
any land application system that does not maintain the isolation distances, in
accordance with paragraphs (H) and (J) of this rule. For a land application
system that serves more than one residence and where land application is the
sole method of disposal, the director may require a land application contract
for ninety-nine years
;
.
(e) If
applicable, include a treatment works operation and maintenance plan.
If the permit to install is for a treatment works as part of
the land application system, the operation and maintenance plan shall address
the following:
(i) The operating
procedures for each component of the treatment works
;
.
(ii) The required sampling and monitoring
procedures
;
.
(iii)
The maintenance schedule for each component of the treatment works and
appurtenant structures
; and
.
(iv) A plan for maintenance of the storage
facility liner system that includes, but is not limited to, a description of
the steps to be taken to clean the sludge from the storage facility and the
inspection and maintenance schedule for the liner to ensure tears, obvious
flaws and ruptures are documented and corrected
;
and
.
[Comment: The ultimate goal of the plan shall be to ensure the
integrity of the liner system that will in turn protect the underlying ground
water resources.]
(f) Include a land application management
plan in accordance with paragraph (E) of this rule.
(2) A permit to install application for any
land application system with a design flow less than ten thousand gallons per
day and land application rates greater than twelve inches per acre per year,
shall
conform to the following:
(a) Meet all requirements in paragraph (F)(1)
of this rule
;
.
(b)
Include a hydraulic and nutrient balance for the land application area, except
as otherwise prescribed in this paragraph. A hydraulic and nutrient balance
that supports the proposed size of land needed for land application shall be
submitted with the permit to install. The hydraulic and nutrient balance shall
demonstrate that the phosphorus and nitrogen loading rates will not adversely
impact surface or ground waters. The application shall demonstrate the
following
for:
(i) Nitrogen. If the total inorganic nitrogen
limit of ten milligrams per liter (i.e., nitrogen option 1) will be met, then a
nitrogen balance is not required. The concentration of nitrate-nitrogen in the
ground water below land on which treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste has been applied shall at all times be less than
ten milligrams per liter. The Ohio State university extension bulletin number
860, "Reuse of Reclaimed Wastewater Through Irrigation",
dated 1997, demonstrates an acceptable
procedure for calculating the nitrogen nutrient and hydraulic balance. The
director may accept alternate design criteria provided that the permit to
install demonstrates to the satisfaction of the director that there will be no
adverse impact to surface water or ground water as a result of the alternate
design criteria
; and
.
[Comment: The Ohio State university
extension bulletin number 860, "Reuse of Reclaimed Wastewater Through
Irrigation" can be found at the following web address:
http://ohioline.osu.edu/b860/index.html
.]
(ii) Phosphorus. The soils shall be tested
for phosphorus levels.
Samples shall be representative
of a land application site with one composite soil sample representing no more
than twenty-five acres or one composite soil sample for each land application
site, whichever is less. A sample depth of 8 inches shall be used unless
justified otherwise in the plan. The Bray-Kurtz P1 extraction or Mehlich 3
extraction shall be used to determine the background level unless an
alternative method is approved by the director.
Unless
Unless otherwise deemed
acceptable by the director, the restriction of phosphorus application shall be
based on the phosphorus index method, as developed by the natural resource
conservation service in Ohio. For soils with soil phosphorus test results
greater than one hundred fifty parts per million (three hundred pounds per
acre) Bray-Kurtz P1 extraction or one hundred seventy parts per million (three
hundred forty pounds per acre) Mehlich 3 extraction, the director shall not
approve land application of treated sewage or liquid
industrial waste unless the permit to install demonstrates to the
director, using a phosphorus index, that there is a low relative risk of
phosphorus movement to waters of the state at the land application site; and
.
(c) Provide a ground
water monitoring plan in accordance with paragraph (L) of this rule for any
land application area.
(d)
Include in the engineering report a characterization
of the land application area that includes the following:
(i)
The location of
all class V injection wells, public water system wells, drinking water source
protection areas and inner management zones for public water systems using
ground water public water supply intakes, and private water wells, any part of
which wells, areas or zones are within two thousand feet of any proposed
storage facility site.
(ii)
For any construction related activities,
identification of all soil additions and soil amendments that may be made to
the site that will substantially alter the permeability or infiltrative
capacity of the soil.
(3) A permit to install application for any
land application system with a design flow greater than or equal to ten
thousand gallons per day and land application rates less than or equal to
twelve inches per acre per year shall
conform to the
following:
(a) Meet all requirements in
paragraph (F)(1) of this rule
;
.
(b)
Include, for any land application system where land application is the sole
method of disposal, a land application contract for at least ninety-nine years,
unless an alternative non-discharging option is available and included in the
land application management plan
;
.
(c)
Include a ground water monitoring plan in accordance with paragraph (L) of this
rule for any storage facility
;
.
(d)
Include in the engineering report for any treatment works, a hydraulic balance
used to size the treatment works
;
.
(e)
Include in the engineering report for any treatment works not proposing to meet
class A treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste
effluent limits in table K-2 of this rule, additional information, as deemed
necessary by the director, regarding the sizing of the storage and land
application area
; and
.
(f)
Include as part of the site investigation report a characterization of the land
application area that includes the following:
(i) The location of all class V injection
wells, public water system wells, drinking water source protection areas and
inner management zones for public water systems using ground water public water
supply intakes, and private water wells, any part of which wells, areas or
zones are within two thousand feet of any proposed storage facility site
; and
.
(ii) For any construction related activities,
identification of all soil additions and soil amendments that may be made to
the site that will substantially alter the permeability or infiltrative
capacity of the soil.
(4) A permit to install application for any
land application system with a design flow greater than ten thousand gallons
per day and land application rates greater than twelve inches per acre per year
shall
conform to the following:
(a) Meet all requirements in paragraphs
(F)(1) to (F)(3) of this rule
;
.
(b)
Include a ground water monitoring plan in accordance with paragraph (L) of this
rule for any treatment works
;
.
(c)
Include a hydrogeologic site investigation in accordance with paragraph (M) of
this rule for the land application area
;
.
(d) Include, in the engineering report, a
hydraulic balance used to size the storage facility
;
and
.
(e) Provide the results of site
specific soil samples, as part of the hydrogeologic site investigation to
establish background phosphorus (e.g., Bray-Kurtz P1) levels. The Bray-Kurtz P1
extraction or Mehlich 3 extraction shall be used to determine the background
level unless an alternative method is approved by the director.
(G) Land
application systems: design requirements for a treatment works or sewerage
system. Except where specific design criteria or methodologies are required by
this rule, generally accepted design standards and methodologies shall be used
to design the treatment works, including any treatment lagoon, or the sewerage
system that is part of any land application system.
[Comment: one
One example of a set of generally accepted design
standards and methodologies is "Great Lakes-Upper Mississippi River Board of
State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers - Recommended
Standards for Wastewater Facilities, also known as Ten States Standards.
This document is published by Health Education
Services, A Division of Health Research, Inc., P.O. Box 7126, Albany, NY 12224.
Phone: 518-439-7286. Web:
www.hes.org"]
(H) Land application systems: design
requirements for storage facilities.
[Comment: Isolation distances. In
the case of any reference to a building, the measurement shall be taken from
the outside wall of the building. In the case of any reference to a treatment
works or a component of the treatment works or a pump station, the measurement
shall be taken from the closest point on the perimeter of the treatment works,
the component of the treatment works, or the pump station. In the case of any
reference to a lagoon or storage facility, the measurement shall be taken from
the outer bank or the toe of the impoundment.]
(1) A storage facility shall
conform to the following:
(a) Maintain the isolation distance
requirements listed in table H-1 of this rule. The director may reduce the
isolation distance requirements if the storage facility contains class A
treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste
; and
.
[Comment: Isolation distances. In the
case of any reference to a building, the measurement shall be taken from the
outside wall of the building. In the case of any reference to a treatment works
or a component of the treatment works or a pump station, the measurement shall
be taken from the closest point on the perimeter of the treatment works, the
component of the treatment works, or the pump station. In the case of any
reference to a lagoon or storage facility, the measurement shall be taken from
the outer bank or the toe of the impoundment.]
Table H-1 Minimum required isolation
distances
|
Siting criteria
|
Minimum required isolation
distance (feet)
|
|
Occupied building
|
Three hundred
|
|
Private potable water source
not owned by the person land applying treated sewage or liquid industrial
waste
|
Three hundred
|
|
Private potable water source
owned by the person land applying treated sewage or liquid industrial
waste
|
Fifty
|
|
UIC class V injection
well
|
Three hundred
|
|
Property line
|
Fifty
|
(b)
For earthen impoundments, have inner and outer slopes no steeper than one foot
vertical to three feet horizontal.
Table H-1 Minimum required isolation
distances
|
Siting
criteria
|
Minimum required isolation
distance (feet)
|
|
Occupied
building
|
Three
hundred
|
|
Private potable water source
not owned by the person land applying sewage
|
Three
hundred
|
|
Private potable water source
owned by the person land applying sewage
|
Fifty
|
|
UIC class V injection
well
|
Three
hundred
|
|
Property
line
|
Fifty
|
(2) Siting requirements for storage
facilities.
[Comment: Information on the location of drinking water source
protection areas, inner management zones, emergency management zones and public
water wells and intakes can be obtained from the Ohio EPA division of drinking
and ground water source water assessment and protection program at (614)
644-2752, by email at InternetWHP@epa.state.oh.us
whp@epa.ohio.gov or on the internet at
http://www.epa.state.oh.us/ddagw/pdu/swap.htmlhttp://www.epa.ohio.gov/ddagw/swap.aspx.]
(a) Storage facilities may not be located
within drinking water source water protection area for a community, or
non-transient non-community public water system using ground water unless:
(i) The proposed site is approved by the
director
;
.
(ii)
Additional engineering controls to minimize the chance of liner failure are
included
;
.
(iii) A
minimum of fifteen feet of low permeability material exists between the bottom
of the liner and the top of the uppermost aquifer system
;
.
(iv) A vertical separation distance of at
least three feet is maintained between the bottom of the storage facility liner
and bedrock
;
.
(v) The
storage facility is located outside the sanitary isolation radius of a public
water system well, as determined in accordance with rule
3745-09-04
3745-9-04 of the Administrative Code
;
.
(vi) The storage facility is located outside
of the inner management zone for a community water supply or non-transient,
non-community public water system using ground water
;
.
(vii) The storage facility is located outside
a drinking water source protection area for a non-transient, non-community or
transient, non-community public water system using ground water, the storage
facility is located at least three hundred feet away from a water supply well
for a non-transient, non-community or transient, non-community public water
system, or the storage facility is located beyond the farthest distance ground
water will travel to such systems in one year, whichever results in a greater
distance from the well
. The director may reduce this
isolation distance requirement for storage facilities that contain highly
treated and disinfected treated sewage or liquid industrial waste.
;
(b) Storage facilities may not be located
within three hundred feet of a water supply well for a transient, non-community
public water system.
The director may reduce this
isolation distance requirement for storage facilities that contain highly
treated and disinfected treated sewage or liquid industrial
waste.
(c) Storage facilities
may not be located within the emergency management zone of a public water
system using surface water or not within one thousand five hundred feet of the
drinking water intake, whichever results in a
greater distance from the intake.
(3) Storage volume requirements. A storage
facility shall be designed with adequate storage capacity to prevent a
discharge to surface waters, except as permitted by an NPDES permit. The
minimum storage requirements in table H-2 of this rule shall be met.
The director may require a larger storage volume to
ensure that sufficient storage is provided to meet in stream water quality
standards during exceptionally dry periods, or to ensure sufficient storage is
provided to accommodate inspections or offline repairs.
Table H-2 Minimum storage volume requirements
|
Type of land application system
|
Minimum storage volume requirement
|
|
Controlled discharge permitted by an NPDES permit and
land application
|
Two weeks of storage volume
|
|
Continuous discharge permitted by an NPDES permit and
land application
|
Evaluated on a case by case basis
|
|
Any other land application system
|
Four months of storage volume
|
[Comment: A continuous discharge occurs when a discharge by a
land application system is permitted to surface waters year-round.]
(a) The storage volume shall be calculated
using the disposal system design flow and shall consider all hydraulic inputs
and outputs, including
the following:
(i) The number of storage days
required
;
.
(ii)
Whether or not there will be a controlled discharge in addition to land
application
;
.
(iii)
The size of the land application area
;
.
(iv)
Site specific rainfall and evaporation data
;
and
.
(v) The potential for solids
accumulation.
(b) A
smaller storage volume or no storage volume may be approved for a disposal
system that includes a continuous discharge permitted under an NPDES permit.
[Comment: The Ohio State university extension bulletin number
860, "Reuse of Reclaimed Wastewater Through Irrigation", demonstrates an
acceptable procedure for calculating the amount of storage volume necessary for
non-discharging land application systems. This
document can be found at the following web address:
http://ohioline.osu.edu/b860/index.html
. The director may accept alternate design
criteria, provided that the permit to install demonstrates to the satisfaction
of the director that there will be no adverse impact to surface water or ground
water, as a result of the alternate design criteria.]
(4) Freeboard requirements for
storage facilities: the freeboard requirements in table H-3 of this rule shall
be met.
Storage facilities must be equipped with a
depth marker which clearly indicates the minimum freeboard level.
Table H-3 Minimum freeboard requirements for storage
facilies
facilities
|
Design parameter
|
Minimum freeboard requirement for storage
facility
|
|
Design flow less than one thousand gallons per
day
|
Two feet
|
|
Volume of storage facility less than ten thousand
gallons
|
Two feet
|
|
Concrete impoundment
|
Two feet
|
|
Earthen or partially earthen impoundment that holds
more than ten thousand gallons
|
Three feet
|
(5)
Liner requirements for storage facilities. Except as provided in paragraphs
(H)(5)(b)
(H)(16) and
(H)(5)(c)
(H)(17) of
this rule, the storage facility shall have a recompacted clay liner designed in
accordance
with paragraph (H)(5)(a) of this
rule.
the following unless
(a) Unless otherwise
specified in the detailed engineering plans approved by the director, a recompacted clay liner shall be constructed in
accordance with the following:
(i)
(6) No soil material
used in the liner shall be placed or recompacted during weather conditions,
such as freezing temperatures or rain, that would interfere with adequate
compaction or control of moisture content
;
.
(ii)
(7)
Soil material used in the liner shall be placed in six inch to eight inch loose
lifts at a moisture content between zero per cent and four per cent above
optimum moisture content as determined by standard laboratory proctor
;
.
(iii)
(8)
Soil material used in the liner shall be recompacted by using standard
engineering compaction methods and recompacted to a minimum compaction rate of
ninety-five per cent of standard dry density as determined by ASTM D698 or
greater as required to achieve 1 x 10
-7 centimeters
per second maximum permeability. The most representative moisture-density curve
shall be used to determine compaction rates
;
.
(iv)
(9)
Compacted soil material used in the liner shall be tested for density and
moisture content at a rate of one test per lift, with a minimum of one test for
any day that soil material is compacted
;
.
(v)
(10)
When a density or moisture content test is not conducted in compliance with the
approved detailed engineering plans or the terms and conditions of the permit
to install, each lift shall be scarified and the moisture content adjusted and
the soils recompacted for the area that extends from the location of the failed
test to one-half the distance to the location of the nearest passed test, in
all directions. The recompacted area shall then be retested for
compliance
;
.
(vi)
(11) The results of
density and moisture content testing shall be submitted to Ohio EPA
;
.
(vii)
(12) Soils used for the liner shall have from fifteen
to thirty per cent clay content and shall be classified as CL or SC by the
unified classification system (ASTM designation D2487). The remaining portion
of the liner material should have a wide range of soil particles in the silt,
fine sand and coarse sand range
;
.
(viii)
(13) When the
classification of the proposed liner material can not be determined in
accordance with the unified classification system, hydraulic conductivity tests
shall be performed on the proposed lining material to confirm its
classification and ensure the proposed liner will be in accordance with
paragraph (H)
(5) of this rule
;
.
(ix)
(14)
There shall be a minimum of three feet of fine-grained soil over fractured rock
outcrops or other highly permeable material, which may include the recompacted
liner
; and
.
(x)
(15) The thickness of
the recompacted clay liner shall be in accordance with table H-4 of this rule.
Separation distance is:
(a) For any storage
facility not located within a drinking water source water protection area, the
vertical distance between the top of the storage facility liner and the top of
the uppermost aquifer system or top of the first continuous significant zone of
saturation underlying the storage facility, whichever is encountered
first
; or
.
(b) For
any storage facility located within a drinking water source water protection
area, the vertical distance between the bottom of the storage facility liner
and the top of the uppermost aquifer system or top of the first continuous
significant zone of saturation underlying the storage facility, whichever is
encountered first.
Table H-4 Required thickness of recompacted clay liner
|
Available vertical separation distance
|
Required thickness of recompacted clay liner
|
|
Three feet or more, but less than five feet
|
Twenty-four inches
|
|
Five feet or more, but less than ten feet
|
Eighteen inches
|
|
Ten feet or more
|
Twelve inches
|
(b)
(16) If a synthetic
liner is used in lieu of a recompacted clay liner,
it
the liner shall
conform to the following:
(i)
(a) Include, at a
minimum, six inches of properly prepared subbase placed underneath the
synthetic liner
;
.
(ii)
(b) Unless otherwise
specified in the detailed engineering plans approved by the director, have a
maximum permeability of 1 x 10
-7 centimeters per
second
; and
.
(iii)
(c) Be designed
based on considerations for potential freeze and thaw damage and potential
exposure to ultraviolet rays.
(c)
(17) If the storage facility is constructed of
reinforced concrete,
it
the concrete shall be, at a minimum, five inches thick
and include non-metallic water stops for all joints.
(I) Land application systems: design criteria
for land application distribution systems.
(1) Spray distribution system. The design of
any land application spray distribution system shall
conform to the following:
(a) Provide for uniform distribution of the
treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste. Where
a land application area consists of various soils groups
do either of the following:
(i)
Different
Utilize
different distribution zones
could be
utilized, where the application rate varies per zone based on the site
specific soils
; or
.
(ii)
An
Determine
an overall distribution rate
could be
determined by calculating a weighted average based on the site
specific soils.
(b)
Consider the size of suspended solids retained in the effluent when sizing the
sprinkler or other distribution device. The diameter of the sprinkler nozzle
used as part of the land application system shall be at least three times the
size of any suspended solids in the treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste being sprayed
;
and
.
[Comment: Depending on the type of treatment works, the
director may require additional screening or filtration to prevent spray nozzle
clogging.]
(c) Consider the
existence of surface and subsurface drainage ways and their potential to convey
effluent to waters of the state.
(2) If soil probes, soil pits or soil borings
are required to characterize the site,
they
the soil probes, soil
pits or soil borings shall be done in accordance with paragraph (N) of
this rule.
(3) The director may
consider a land application distribution system other than a spray distribution
system, provided
the following:
(a) The permit to install application
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the director that there will be no adverse
impact to surface water, ground water or human health as a result of the
distribution system
;
.
(b) The
permit to install application is in accordance with this chapter and all other
applicable rules and laws
; and
.
(c) The
applicant demonstrates to the director that the design of the distribution
system is based on sound engineering principles and standards.
(J) Land application
systems: isolation distance requirements for land application areas.
(1) Except at times identified in the
approved land application management plan provided in paragraphs (J)(5) to
(J)(7) of this rule, the location of the land application area shall maintain
the minimum isolation distances in table J-1 of this rule. The director may
reduce the isolation distance requirements where class A treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste is land applied. The
director may increase isolation distance requirements to protect public health
or the environment.
Table J-1 Minimum required isolation distances
|
Siting criteria
|
Minimum required isolation distance (feet)
|
|
Private potable water source not owned by the person
land applying treated sewage
or
|
Three hundred
|
|
liquid industrial
waste
|
|
|
Private potable water source owned by the person land
applying treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
|
Fifty
|
|
UIC class V injection well
|
Three hundred
|
|
Sinkhole or karst feature
|
Three hundred
|
|
Property line
|
Fifty
|
|
Human crops that may be eaten raw
|
Fifty
|
(2) In
addition to the requirements of paragraphs (C) and (J)(1) of this rule, no
person shall land apply class A treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste as follows:
(a)
Except at Ohio EPA approved unrestricted or Ohio EPA approved restricted access
sites
;
.
(b)
Within fifty feet from an occupied building
;
.
(c) Within the sanitary isolation radius for
a public water system well, as determined in accordance with rule
3745-9-04 of the
Administrative Code
;
.
(d)
Within the inner management zone of a source water protection area (one-year
time-of-travel area) for a community or non-transient, non-community public
water system using ground water or within three hundred feet of any public
water system well
; and
.
(e)
Within drinking water source protection area for a community or non-transient,
non-community public water system using ground water determined to be highly
susceptible to contamination unless additional engineering controls are
installed sufficient to protect the ground water and ground water monitoring is
performed in accordance with paragraph (L) of this rule, between the land
application system and the public water system
well(s)
well.
(3) In addition to
the requirements in paragraphs (C), (J)(1)
, and (J)(2)(c) to(J)(2)(e) of this rule, no person
shall land apply class B treated sewage
or liquid
industrial waste as follows:
(a) Except
at Ohio EPA approved restricted access sites
;
.
(b) At any site that contains sand and gravel
as the predominant natural material within five vertical feet of natural
grade
;
.
(c)
Within two hundred feet from an occupied building
;
.
(d) Within fifty feet of developed springs,
karsts, sinkholes, drainage ways, subsurface tiles with surface openings,
surface water bodies, and road right-of-ways
;
.
(e) On sodded fields and forested areas with
slopes greater than twelve per cent unless measures able to control runoff
approved by the director, such as berms, collection ditches or check dams, are
installed
; and
.
(f) On
fields with slopes greater than eight per cent unless the detailed engineering
plans and specifications required by paragraph (F) of this rule include runoff
control measures that demonstrate to the director runoff will not impact
surface waters of the state.
(4) In addition to
the requirements in paragraphs (C), (J)(1),
(J)(2)(c) to (J)(2)(e)
, and (J)(3)(b) to
(J)(3)(f) of this rule, no person shall land apply class C treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste except at Ohio EPA
approved sites.
(5) The siting
criteria and the isolation distance requirements of this paragraph shall not
apply to occupied buildings if the person who will land apply treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste obtains a land
application contract from each owner of a neighboring occupied building located
within the siting distances set forth in this rule and includes a copy of the
land application contract with the permit to install application. The land
application contract shall state that:
(a) The
owner of the occupied building is aware of the proposed land application
;
.
(b) The owner of the occupied building has no
objection to the land application at a location not otherwise allowed by the
isolation distance requirements and siting criteria in this rule
; and
.
(c) The land application occurs between dusk
and dawn and the land application system utilizes low head sprinklers or an
equivalent low-exposure distribution method.
[Comment: Night time or early morning land application usually
reduces the risk of people coming into direct contact with the treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste. Strict night time
application is sometimes impractical and daytime application helps to reduce
spills and over-application that might result from not being able to see the
land application take place.]
(6) The director may reduce the isolation
distance requirements to a property line if a land application contract from
each property owner within the fifty-foot isolation distance is submitted as
part of the permit to install application and treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste is applied from dusk
until dawn with low head sprinklers, or with an equivalent low-exposure
distribution method. The land application contract shall state that these
property owners are aware of, and have no objection to, the proposed land
application of treated sewage
or liquid industrial
waste within fifty feet of their property lines.
(7) If class A treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste requirements for
effluent limits and monitoring requirements in table K-2 of this rule are met,
the director may reduce the isolation distance restrictions established in this
rule provided the applicant can demonstrate to the director that the potential
for negative impacts to human health or waters of the state does not
exist.
(K) Land
application systems: treatment requirements, effluent water quality and
monitoring requirements.
(1) A land
application system shall be designed in accordance with table K-1 of this rule
and shall have a land application management plan that contains effluent
limits, which are developed and monitored in accordance with table K-1 of this
rule. The director may require sampling and monitoring of pollutants not listed
in tables K-2 to K-5 of this rule, to protect public health or the environment.
The director may require treated sewage
or liquid
industrial waste that will be land applied to a golf course or athletic
field to meet class A treated sewage
or liquid
industrial waste requirements in accordance with table K-2 of this
rule.
(2) In addition to paragraph
(K)(1) of this rule, any land application system that will discharge to waters
of the state shall have an approved NPDES permit that contains, where
applicable, internal and final effluent limits
where
as follows:
(a) The internal limits shall
:
be developed and
monitored in accordance with table K-1 of this rule and be applied at the point
the effluent leaves the treatment works, prior to storage, or prior to land
application if no storage is provided.
(i) Be developed and monitored in
accordance with table K-1 of this rule; and
(ii) Be applied at the point the
effluent leaves the treatment works, prior to storage, or prior to land
application if no storage is provided; and
(b) The final effluent limits shall be
developed in accordance with best available demonstrated control technology
criteria, as set forth in table 5-1 of rule
3745-1-05 of the
Administrative Code or water quality based effluent limits in accordance with
Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code, whichever is more stringent.
Table K-1
|
Design flow for land application system (gallons per
day)
|
Minimum sewage or liquid
industrial waste treatment class
|
Minimum effluent limits and minimum monitoring
frequency requirements
|
|
Less than ten thousand
|
Class C
|
Table K-4
|
|
Greater than or equal to ten thousand
|
Class B
|
Table K-3 and table K-5
|
(3) The director may waive any requirement of
paragraph (K)(1) of this rule, provided that the person requesting the waiver
has demonstrated to the satisfaction of the director that the waiver is
unlikely to adversely affect the public health or safety or the
environment.
(4) In order to meet
the effluent limits set forth in table K-3 or K-4 of this rule, disinfection
prior to land application may be required.
STRIKE OLD
|
Table K-2. Class A treated sewage: water
quality and monitoring frequency requirements for treatment works to meet class
A treated sewage requirements.
|
|
Class A treated sewage (minimum
requirements)
|
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring frequency
|
|
30-day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units
|
Design flow (Q) (gpd)
|
|
Q >= 500,000
|
500,000 > Q >= 100,000
|
100,000 > Q >= 10,000
|
Q< 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
Daily
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
|
Oil & grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/L
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
2/year
|
1/year
|
|
TSS
|
12
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
CBOD5
|
10
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Fecal coliform5
|
NDin4of last 7 samples
|
14
|
cfu/ 100ml
|
3/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
|
Escherichia coli
|
ND in 4 of last 7 samples
|
2
|
cfu/100ml
|
3/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
|
Total residual
chlorine3
|
-
|
Chlorine residual >= 1.0 and chlorine residual
<=10
|
mg/l
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Application rate
|
-
|
Monitor
|
in/ac/hr
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily
when
applying
|
|
Option 1.
Total inorganic nitrogen
(TTN)1
|
10.0
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Option 2. Nitrate-nitrogen available for leaching
(demonstrative)2
|
Monitor
TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Option 3. Application rate <= 12
in./acre/year4
|
Monitor
TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
1 10 mg/l effluent limit
measured at discharge outfall of sewage treatment plant.
2 10 mg/l effluent limit
met at point sewage reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved
nutrient balance.
3 Chlorine residual only
necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for disinfection.
4 in/acre/year represents
the application rate over the time period of a single calendar year (i.e.,
January 1 - December 31).
5 All wastewater treatment
works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless fecal coliform is
specified by their existing NPDES permit.
6 "ND" means
non-detect.
|
|
STRIKE OLD
|
|
|
Table K-3. Class B treated sewage: water
quality and monitoring frequency requirements for land application systems to
meet class B treated sewage requirements
|
|
Class B treated sewage (minimum
requirements)
|
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring frequency
|
|
30-day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units
|
Design flow (Q) (gpd)
|
|
Q >= 500,000
|
500,000 > Q >= 100,000
|
100,000 > Q >= 10,000
|
Q < 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
Daily
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
|
Oil & grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/L
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
2/year
|
1/year
|
|
TSS
|
45
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
CBOD5
|
40
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Fecal coliforam5
|
-
|
1000
|
cfu/ 100ml
|
3/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
|
Escherichia coli
|
-
|
126
|
cfu/ 100ml
|
3/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2week
|
|
Total residual chlorine
3
|
-
|
Chlorine residual >= 1.0 and chlorine residual
<=10
|
mg/l
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Application rate
|
-
|
Monitor
|
in/ac/ hr
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
|
Option 1. Total inorganic nitrogen
(TIN)1
|
10.0
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1 month
|
|
Option 2. Nitrate-nitrogen available for leaching
(demonstrative)2
|
Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
|
Option 3. Application rate <=12
in./acre/year4
|
Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/2weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
1 10 mg/l effluent limit
measured at discharge outfall of sewage treatment plant.
2 10 mg/l effluent limit
met at point sewage reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved
nutrient balance.
3 Chlorine residual only
necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for disinfection.
4 in/acre/year represents
the application rate over the time period of a single calendar year (i.e.,
January 1 - December 31).
5 All wastewater
treatment works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless fecal
coliform is specified by their existing NPDES permit.
|
|
STRIKE OLD
|
|
Table K-4. Class C treated
sewage:6 water quality and monitoring
frequency requirements for land application systems to meet class C treated
sewage requirements.
|
|
Class C treated sewage (minimum
requirements)
|
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring frequency
|
|
30-day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units
|
Design flow Q< 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
1/month
|
|
Oil & grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/L
|
1/year
|
|
TSS
|
45
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
|
CBOD5
|
40
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
|
Fecal coliform3, 5
|
-
|
2000
|
cfu/ 100ml
|
1/month
|
|
Escherichia coli3
|
-
|
298
|
cfu/100ml
|
1/month
|
|
Total residual chlorine
3
|
-
|
Chlorine residual
>= 1.0 and chlorine residual <=10
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
|
Application rate
|
-
|
Monitor
|
in/ac/ hr
|
Daily when applying
|
|
Option 1. Total inorganic nitrogen
(TIN)1
|
10.0
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
|
Option 2.
Nitrate-nitrogen available for
leaching
(demonstrative)2
|
10.0 Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
|
Option 3. Application rate <=12
in./acre/year4
|
Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
1 10 mg/l effluent limit
measured at discharge outfall of sewage treatment plant.
2 10 mg/l effluent limit
met at point sewage reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved
nutrient balance.
3 Chlorine residual only
necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for disinfection.
Effluent disinfection is not directly required; however, the entity is required
to meet all applicable discharge permit limits. If disinfection facilities
exist, they need to be maintained in an operable condition. Any design of
wastewater treatment works should provide for the capability to install
disinfection if required at a future time. Disinfection may be required if
bacteriological studies or emergency conditions indicate the need.
4 Calculations for (lie
demonstrative nitrogen balance (i.e., nitrate-nitrogen available for leaching)
are not required to be submitted if the application rate is designed to be
<= 12 inches/acre/year.
5 All wastewater treatment
works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless fecal coliform is
specified by their existing NPDES permit.
6 Class C sewage shall
only be land applied at times set forth in an approved land application
management plan (i.e., times of the day that will minimize human exposure to
the application of the treated sewage, such as early morning between 4 a.m. and
9 a.m.).
|
|
STRIKE OLD
|
|
Table K-5. Additional effluent limits
and monitoring requirements for land application systems greater than ten
thousand gallons per day.
|
|
Additional effluent limits and monitoring
requirements for land application systems with a design flow greater than or
equal to ten thousand gallons per day2
|
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring frequency based on design flow (Q) in
gallons per day
|
|
Maximum concentration
|
Units
|
Q >= 100,000
|
100,000 > Q> 10,000
|
|
Aluminum
|
5.0
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Arsenic
|
0.10
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Beryllium
|
0.10
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Boron
|
0.75
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Cadmium
|
0.01
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Chromium
|
0.1
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Cobalt
|
0.05
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Copper
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Fluoride
|
1.0
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Iron
|
5.0
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Lead
|
1.5
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Lithium
|
2.5
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Manganese
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Molybdenum
|
0.01
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Nickel
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Selenium
|
0.02
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Vanadium
|
0.1
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
Zinc
|
2.0
|
mg/l
|
1/Year
|
1/5 Years1
|
|
1 Shall be submitted as
part of the NPDES renewal and initial application.
2 To protect public
health and the environment, the director may require monitoring for
Mercury.
|
Table K-2. Class A treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
(minimum water quality and monitoring frequency requirements).
|
Effluent Parampler
|
Effluent limits
|
Moriiloring frequency
|
|
|
30 day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units1
|
Design flow (Q) (gallons per day)
|
| Q>=250,000 |
250,000 >Q >= 100,000
|
100,000 > Q > =25,000
|
25.000 >Q>= 10,000
|
Q < 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Oil and grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
2/year
|
1/year
|
|
Total Suspended solids
|
12
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
5- day carbonaccous biochemical Oxygen demand
|
10
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Esfitterichii coin 2
|
Non detected in 4 of last 7 samples
|
2
|
cfu/100
ml
|
2/week
|
1 week
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Total residual
chlorine3
|
- |
1.0 >= Chlorine residual <= 10
|
mg/l
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/quarter
|
|
Total phosphorus
|
-
|
Monitor
|
mg/l
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
-
|
|
Application rale
|
|
Monitor
|
Inches
per acre
per hour
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
|
Nitrogen option 1.
total ignotance
nitrogen (TIN)4
|
10.0
|
- |
mg/l
|
2 week
|
2 week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 2. Nitrate-nitrogen available for
leaching (demonstrative)5
|
Monitor
TIN
|
- |
mg/l
|
2 week
|
2 week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 3. application rate less than or equal
to 12 inches per acre per year6
|
Monitor
TIN
|
- |
mg/l
|
2/week
|
2 week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
1
cfs = cubic
feet per second; s.u. = standard units; mg/l = milligrams per liter; cfu/100 ml
= colony forming units per 100 milliliters.
2
All
wastewater treatment works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless
fecal coliform is specified by their existing NPDES permit.
3
Chlorine
residual only necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for
disinfection.
4
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit is measured at the discharge outfall of the wastewater
treatment plant.
5
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit met at point treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved nutrient
balance.
6
Inches per
acre per year represents the application rate over the time period of a single
calendar year (i.e., January 1 to December 31).
Table K-3. Class B treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
(minimum water quality and monitoring frequency requirements).
|
Effluent Parampler
|
Effluent limits
|
Moriiloring frequency
|
|
|
30 day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units1
|
Design flow (Q) (gallons per day)
|
| Q>=250,000 |
250,000 >Q >= 100,000
|
100,000 > Q > =25,000
|
25.000 >Q>= 10,000
|
Q < 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Oil and grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/l
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
2/year
|
1/year
|
|
Total Suspended solids
|
45
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
5- day carbonaccous biochemical Oxygen demand
|
40
|
-
|
mg/l
|
2/week
|
2/week
|
1/week
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Escherichia coli 2
|
-
|
126
|
cfu/100
ml
|
2/week
|
1 week
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Total residual
chlorine3
|
|
1.0 >=
Chlorine residual <= 10
|
mg/l
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
Daily
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/quarter
|
|
Total phosphorus
|
-
|
Monitor
|
mg/l
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
-
|
|
Application rale
|
|
Monitor
|
Inches
per acre
per hour
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
Daily when applying
|
|
Nitrogen option 1.
total ignotance
nitrogen (TIN)4
|
10.0
|
- |
mg/l
|
2 week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 2. Nitrate-nitrogen available for
leaching (demonstrative)5
|
Monitor
TIN
|
- |
mg/l
|
2 week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 3. application rate less than or equal
to 12 inches per acre per year6
|
Monitor
TIN
|
- |
mg/l
|
2/week
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/2 weeks
|
1/month
|
1/quarter
|
1
cfs = cubic
feet per second; s.u. = standard units; mg/l = milligrams per liter; cfu/100 ml
= colony forming units per 100 milliliters.
2
All
wastewater treatment works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless
fecal coliform is specified by their existing NPDES permit.
3
Chlorine
residual only necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for
disinfection.
4
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit is measured at the discharge outfall of the wastewater
treatment plant.
5
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit met at point treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved nutrient
balance.
6
Inches per
acre per year represents the application rate over the time period of a single
calendar year (i.e., January 1 to December 31).
Table K-4. Class C treated sewage or
liquid industrial waste1
(minimum water quality and monitoring frequency
requirements)
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring
frequency
|
|
|
30-day average
|
Daily maximum
|
Units2
|
Design flow (Q)
< 10,000
|
|
Flow
|
Monitor
|
Monitor
|
cfs
|
Daily
|
|
pH
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
6.0 - 9.0
|
s.u.
|
1/quarter
|
|
Oil and grease
|
-
|
10.0
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
|
Total suspended
solids
|
45
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
5-day carbonaceous biochemical
oxygen demand
|
40
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
Escherichia
coli3,4
|
-
|
298
|
cfu/100 ml
|
1/quarter
|
|
Total residual
chlorine3
|
-
|
Chlorine residual greater than
or equal to 0.1 but less than or equal to 10
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
Application rate
|
-
|
Monitor
|
inches per acre per
hour
|
Daily when
applying
|
|
Nitrogen option 1. total
inorganic nitrogen (TIN)5
|
10.0
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 2.
nitrate-nitrogen available for
leaching (demonstrative)6
|
Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
|
Nitrogen option 3. application
rate less than or equal to 12 inches per acre per
year7
|
Monitor TIN
|
-
|
mg/l
|
1/quarter
|
1
Class C
treated sewage or liquid industrial waste shall only be land applied at times
set forth in an approved land application management plan (i.e., times of the
day that will minimize human exposure to the application of the treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste, such as early morning between 4:00 a.m. and 9:00
a.m.).
2
cfs = cubic
feet per second; s.u. = standard units; mg/l = milligrams per liter; cfu/100 ml
= colony forming units per one hundred milliliters.
3
Chlorine
residual only necessary for those disposal systems that use chlorine for
disinfection. Effluent disinfection is not directly required; however, the
entity is required to meet all applicable discharge permit limits. If
disinfection facilities exist, they need to be maintained in an operable
condition. Any design of wastewater treatment works should provide for the
capability to install disinfection if required at a future time. Disinfection
may be required if bacteriological studies or emergency conditions indicate the
need.
4
All
wastewater treatment works shall use E. coli as the indicator organism unless
fecal coliform is specified by their existing NPDES permit.
5
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit is measured at the discharge outfall of the wastewater
treatment plant.
6
The 10.0
mg/l effluent limit met at point treated sewage or liquid industrial waste
reaches the bottom of the root zone based on approved nutrient
balance.
7
Calculations for the demonstrative nitrogen balance (i.e.,
nitrate-nitrogen available for leaching) are not required to be submitted if
the application rate is designed to be less than or equal to twelve inches per
acre per year.
Table K-5. Additional effluent limits
and monitoring requirements for land application systems with a design flow
greater than or equal to ten thousand gallons per
day1
|
Effluent parameter
|
Effluent limits
|
Monitoring frequency based on
design flow (Q) in gallons per day
|
|
|
Maximum
concentration
|
Units2
|
Q greater than or equal
to
|
100,000 > Q >
10,0003
|
|
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
Aluminum
|
5.0
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Arsenic
|
0.10
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Beryllium
|
0.10
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Boron
|
0.75
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Cadmium
|
0.01
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Chromium
|
0.1
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Cobalt
|
0.05
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Copper
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Fluoride
|
1.0
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Iron
|
5.0
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Lead
|
1.5
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Lithium
|
2.5
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Manganese
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Molybdenum
|
0.01
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Nickel
|
0.2
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Selenium
|
0.02
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Vanadium
|
0.1
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
|
Zinc
|
2.0
|
mg/l
|
1/year
|
1/5 years
|
1
To protect
public health and the environment, the director may require monitoring for
mercury.
2
mg/l =
milligrams per liter.
3
Shall be
submitted as part of the initial and renewal application.
(L) Land application
systems: ground water monitoring program requirements for land application
areas, lagoons and storage facilities.
(1)
Ground water monitoring program: exemptions for land application areas. A
ground water monitoring program is not required for
the
following:
(a) A land application area
where class A treated sewage
or liquid industrial
waste is land applied, unless the chief of the division of drinking and
ground waters of Ohio EPA or
his
the chief's authorized representative determines that
ground water could be contaminated by class A treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste.
;
(b) A
land application area where less than
or equal to
twelve inches of class B treated sewage
or liquid
industrial waste is land applied per acre per year
; or
.
(c) A land application area when less than
or equal to twelve inches of class C treated
sewage
or liquid industrial waste is land applied
per acre per year.
(2)
Ground water monitoring program: exemptions for storage facilities.
(a) A ground water monitoring program is not
required for a storage facility when the treatment works that is part of a land
application system has a design hydraulic capacity of less than one thousand
gallons per day.
(b) A ground water
monitoring program is not required for a storage facility when the treatment
works that is part of a land application system has a design hydraulic capacity
of less than ten thousand gallons per day, and the storage facility
conforms to the following:
(i) Includes a liner that is installed for
the storage facility that meets the requirements of paragraph (H) of this
rule
; and
.
(ii)
Contains only class A treated sewage
or liquid
industrial waste.
(c) A ground water monitoring program is not
required for a storage facility when there is more than fifteen feet of low
permeability material between the bottom of the storage facility liner and the
top of the first continuous significant zone of saturation, and the storage
facility
conforms to either of the following:
(i) Is more than one thousand five hundred
feet from the boundaries from public water supply intake
;
.
(ii) Is not over an aquifer that yields or is
capable of yielding more than one hundred gallons of water per minute
; or
.
(iii) Is not within one thousand
feet of a karst feature.
(3) Ground water monitoring program:
applicability for land application areas. The director may require a ground
water monitoring program for
any of the
following:
(a) Any land application
area where more than twelve inches per year of class B treated sewage
or liquid industrial waste is land applied and
there is less than five feet between the surface area in the application area
and the top of the first continuous significant zone of saturation
;
.
(b) Any land application area where more than
twelve inches per year of class C treated sewage
or
liquid industrial waste is land applied and there is less than five feet
between the surface area in the application area and the top of the first
continuous significant zone of saturation
;
.
(c) Any land application area where the
distribution system is not a spray distribution system
; or
.
(d) Any land application area where the
seasonal or perched ground water elevation can occur less than twelve inches
below natural grade.
(4)
General requirements for the ground water monitoring program. Except as
provided in paragraphs (L)(1) and (L)(2) of this rule, or unless waived by the
director, ground water monitoring shall be provided for any lagoon, any storage
facility, or any land application area that is a part of a land application
system.
(a) No land application system shall
be operated without an approved ground water monitoring program.
(b) A copy of the written ground water
monitoring program plan and all analytical results, including quality assurance
information, shall be kept and shall be made available for inspection by Ohio
EPA staff upon request.
(c) A
ground water monitoring program that is capable of determining the impact of
the land application system on the first continuous significant zone of
saturation underlying the land application system shall be conducted. The
ground water monitoring program shall
conform to the
following:
(i) Continue as long as
required by the director
;
.
(ii)
Include sampling and analysis methods and procedures capable of yielding a
sample representative of ground water quality in the zone monitored
; and
.
(iii) Provide at least three ground water
monitoring wells for any storage facility, lagoon or land application area. The
monitoring well layout shall include
the
following:
(a) One monitoring well
up-gradient of the storage facility, lagoon or land application area
; and
.
(b) Two monitoring wells down-gradient of the
storage facility, lagoon or land application area into the first continuous
significant zone of saturation underlying the storage facility, lagoon or land
application area.
(d) All monitoring wells shall
conform to the following:
(i) Be installed and maintained in such a
manner that will allow a ground water sample to be obtained from the well that
is representative of ground water quality in the ground water unit into which
the well is screened. All monitoring well locations shall be surveyed and all
well construction and maintenance documentation shall be kept at the site of
the storage facility and be available for inspection by Ohio EPA staff upon
request
; and
.
(ii) Be
sampled semi-annually for the parameters listed in tables L-1 and L-2 of this
rule. The parameters listed in tables L-1 and L-2 of this rule may be modified
or expanded by the director based on
site-specific waste characterization,
as long
as
to protect public health and the
environment
are protected. The director may
require a sampling frequency less frequent than semi-annually, provided the
owner or operator has demonstrated to the director, based on at least three
consecutive years of sampling results, that human health and the environment
will be protected.
Table L-1: Semi-annual sampling parameters analyzed in the
field
|
pH
|
|
Specific conductivity
|
|
Temperature
|
|
Turbidity
|
Table L-2: Semi-annual sampling parameters sent to a laboratory
for analysis
|
Ammonia
|
|
E. coli or total coliform
|
|
Nitrate-nitrogen plus nitrite-nitrogen
|
|
Chloride
|
[Comment: Ammonia, E. coli, total coliform, nitrate-nitrogen
plus nitrite-nitrogen and chloride are parameters that can indicate ground
water contamination.]
(e) All field forms, laboratory data to
include quality assurance or quality control information, and other pertinent
information related to the semiannual sampling event shall be kept and made
available for inspection by Ohio EPA staff upon request.
(f) Within seventy-five days of sampling, a
letter that includes a table containing the summarized analytical results for
each monitoring well for each semi-annual sampling event shall be forwarded to
the director, or to the director's duly authorized representative.
(g) The following results shall be forwarded
to the director, or to the director's duly authorized representative, within
fifteen days of
receiving them
receipt:
(i)
Nitrate-nitrogen plus nitrite-
nitorgen
nitrogen or ammonia concentrations that are greater
than five parts per million
;
.
(ii)
Chloride concentrations that are greater than one hundred twenty-five parts per
million
; or
.
(iii)
Total coliform or E. coli bacteria that is detected.
(iv)
Additional parameters at concentrations as required by
the director based on site-specific waste characterization.
(h) If the director determines,
based on the ground water monitoring results, that a potential for significant
adverse impact to the environment or public health is posed or if there is an
impact to ground water, all land application operations shall cease until the
director provides notification in writing that operations may resume. The
director may
require the following:
(i)
Require
a
A more detailed ground water impact
evaluation
; or
.
(ii)
Require additional
Additional monitoring wells at or near the property
boundary between the contaminant plume and the down gradient receptors (such as
public or private drinking water wells, springs and surface water sites used
for drinking water) to be installed to evaluate the rate, extent and
concentration of the contaminant plume.
(i) A written contingency plan to
protect human health and the environment at down gradient receptors shall be
prepared. At a minimum, the contingency plan shall include response
actions:
(i) For unauthorized releases to
ground water from a storage facility or lagoon;
(ii) For events, including power
outages or plant shutdowns, that result or could result in impacts
to:
(a)
Surface water;
(b)
Drainage tiles that could affect surface
water; or
(c)
Public or private water
supplies;
(iii) For years with excessive
wetness;
(iv) If storage capacity is
exceeded;
(v) If the land application contract
should become void; and
(vi) Any other requirements, as
required by the director to mitigate an unauthorized release.
(j)
(i) Any monitoring well or boring drilled at the
proposed or permitted storage facility, that is no longer needed, shall be
abandoned in accordance with the requirements of rule
3745-9-10
of the Administrative Code and any other applicable requirements.
[Comment: For additional information concerning hydrogeologic
site investigations and ground water monitoring procedures, consult the Ohio
EPA division of drinking and ground waters "Technical Guidance Manual for
Hydrogeologic Investigations and Ground Water Monitoring", February 1995. This document can be found on the Ohio EPA
web site at the following address:
http://www.epa.state.oh.us/ddagw/tgmweb.htm.]
(M) Land
application systems: hydrogeologic site investigation requirements. When a
hydrogeologic site investigation is required by paragraph (F) of this rule, a
hydrogeologic site investigation report shall be submitted as part of the
permit to install
application that, at a minimum
conforms to the following:
(1) Is presented in narrative form
;
.
(2) Contains sufficient hydrogeologic
information to allow the director to
do the
following:
(a) Identify and
characterize the hydrogeology of the first continuous significant zone of
saturation under the land application system and all geologic strata that exist
above that zone
; and
.
(b)
Sufficiently characterize the site geology to allow for the evaluation of the
proposed design of the land application system and to ensure that it will
comply with the requirements of this chapter and Chapter 6111. of the Revised
Code
;
.
(3) Contains a description, based on publicly
available information, of the hydrogeology within two thousand feet of the
perimeter of the proposed land application system. This description shall
do the following:
(a) Identify all aquifer systems used as
water supplies
;
.
(b)
Include all well logs of public and private water supply wells
;
.
(c) Identify the average regional yield of
the uppermost aquifer system underlying the site
;
.
(d) Describe the direction of ground water
flow in the aquifer systems used as water supply sources
;
.
(e) Identify recharge and discharge areas for
any of the aquifer systems used as water supply sources
;
.
(f) Identify on a map any
of the following:
(i) Public water system wells within two
thousand feet of the perimeter of the land application system
;
.
(ii) Drinking water source protection areas
and inner management zones for public water systems using ground water
; and
.
(iii) Emergency management zones that extend
to or past the nearest land application system boundary
;
.
(g) Describe the regional
stratigraphy including any regional stratigraphic or structural features, such
as the bedrock surface, bedrock dip or joint structures, that may influence the
ground water flow system
;
.
(h)
Describe the regional geomorphology, including the location of surface water
bodies, flood plains, etc.; and
(i) Describe any topographic features that
may influence the ground water flow system and structural geology
; and
.
(4) Describe in detail and analyze
the geology and hydrogeology under the proposed land application system. This
description shall be based on data collected using appropriate subsurface
investigatory methods such as borings, monitoring wells, tensiometers,
geophysical surveys, soil surveys, cone penetrometers, piezometers and test
pits. The description shall, at a minimum
do the
following:
(a) Describe the
consolidated and unconsolidated deposits forming stratigraphic units from
natural grade down to the base of the first continuous significant zone of
saturation underlying the land application system including the following
characteristics:
(i) For unconsolidated
stratigraphic units, the textural classification using the unified soil
classification system (USCS)
;
.
(ii) For
consolidated stratigraphic units, if necessary, the rock types, such as
limestone, dolomite, coal, shale, siltstone and sandstone
;
.
(iii) Color, moisture content, stratigraphic
features such as layering, interbedding or weathering, fracturing, jointing and
other types of secondary porosity and any other visible accessory minerals such
as pyrite, calcite or gypsum
;
.
(v)
Grain size distribution (sieve and hydrometer curves for representative samples
of each group of borings of similar soil composition)
;
.
(vi) Hydraulic conductivity
;
.
(viii) Lateral extent
; and
.
(ix) Depth and elevation
;
.
(b) Describe the geomorphology at
the proposed land application system, including surface water bodies and
topographic features, that may influence the flow of ground water in the first
continuous significant zone of saturation or any overlying significant zones of
saturation including the identification and characterization of recharge and
discharge areas within the boundaries of the proposed land application system.
This description shall include identification of any sources of seeps, springs,
streams and other surface water features
;
.
(c) Describe variations in texture,
saturation, stratigraphy, structure or mineralogy exhibited by each
stratigraphic unit that could influence the ground water flow or quality in the
first continuous significant zone of saturation or any overlying significant
zones of saturation
;
.
(d)
Describe the first continuous signification zone of saturation under the land
application system, including the depth to, and lateral and vertical extent of,
the first continuous significant zone of saturation under the land application
area. This description shall, at a minimum
do the
following:
(i) Describe in both a
narrative and on a map, the ground water flow system, including rate of flow,
and direction of flow in the first continuous significant zone of saturation to
extend underlying the land application system
;
and
.
(ii) Identify and characterize recharge and
discharge areas within the boundaries of the proposed land application system,
including any connections of ground water with seeps, springs, streams and
other surface water features
;
.
(e) Describe in detail
the following:
(i) The drilling and soil sampling methods
used in characterizing the soil and hydrogeologic properties of any
unconsolidated and consolidated rock material underlying the proposed land
application system
;
.
(ii) The
analytical procedures and methodology used to characterize the soil and rock
materials obtained from test pits and borings
;
.
(iii) The methodology, equipment and
procedures used to define the first continuous significant zone of saturation
underlying the land application system, including:
(a) Well and piezometer construction
specifications
; and
.
(b)
Water level measurement procedures
; and
.
(iv) The methodology, equipment and
procedures used to determine the ground water quality (if determined) in any
significant zone of saturation including the requirements specified in
paragraph (J)(4) of this rule
; and
.
(f) Submit all boring logs, test pit logs,
ground water quality data and soil analytical data and any other data generated
while preparing this report.
(N) Soil and site evaluation requirements.
For every land application system, a soil and site evaluation shall be done in
accordance with this paragraph and shall
conform to the
following:
(1) Be submitted on forms
approved by the director to the appropriate Ohio EPA district office
;
.
(2) Be submitted with a permit to install
application
;
.
(3)
Include a site specific soil map which locates, as necessary, any soil probes,
any soil delineations, any soil pits or soil borings. In addition to the
information in the general soil survey, the location of any soil delineations
and the location and number of soil probes, pits or borings necessary to
describe the soil conditions shall be determined by a professional soil
scientist for the land application site, the lagoon site or the storage
facility site. The soil delineations, soil probes, soil pits or soil borings
shall
conform to the following:
[Comment: The county soil maps are
at a scale for larger systems and for land use planning purposes. A more
detailed map should be developed for land application systems so that all the
included soils can be delineated, characterized, and avoided, if necessary. The
Ohio state university extension bulletin number 905, "Soil and Site Evaluation
for Onsite Wastewater Treatment", dated 2005, demonstrates an acceptable
procedure for developing soil maps.]
(a) Be performed or evaluated by a
professional soil scientist
;
.
[Comment: For soil borings deeper than fifteen feet, a
professional with the appropriate knowledge and experience, such as a geologist
or hydrogeologist, should also be consulted.]
(b) Be taken prior to any construction
activities
;
.
(c) When
the proposed land application area is a golf course, be taken prior to the
construction of any tee boxes, fairways and greens
;
.
(d) For any land application area, be done to
a minimum depth of thirty inches below natural grade. To protect public health
or the environment, the director may require deeper soil probes, soil pits or
soil borings. In areas where glacial till and fractured bedrock substratum
soils are in close proximity, the soil investigation shall be done to a depth
of at least fifty inches or until bedrock is encountered
; and
.
(e) For any storage facility or lagoon, be
done to a minimum depth of fifteen feet below the proposed bottom of the
recompacted clay liner
;
.
[Comment: The county soil maps are at a
scale for larger systems and for land use planning purposes. A more detailed
map should be developed for land application systems so that all the included
soils can be delineated, characterized, and avoided, if necessary. The Ohio
state university extension bulletin number 905, "Soil and Site Evaluation for
Onsite Wastewater Treatment", demonstrates an acceptable procedure for
developing soil maps.]
(4) Based on the information in the general
soil survey, published loading rate tables, and the data from any soil borings,
identify the permeability and thickness of
the
following:
(a) The most permeable layer
of the soil mantle at each soil probe, soil pit or soil boring location
; and
.
(b) The least permeable layer of the soil
mantle at each soil probe, soil pit or soil boring location
;
.
(5) Identify the vertical separation distance
between the natural grade and all of the following conditions:
(b) Sand and gravel lenses
;
.
(c)
Dense glacial till
; and
.
(d)
Ground water, including any seasonal high ground water or perched water
table
; and
.
(6) Discuss the site topography, including
the following:
(b) The site vegetative cover
;
.
(c) Any drainage ways and waterways within,
below or bordering the land application system
;
and
.
(d) Any impervious surfaces.
(O) Record keeping,
reporting requirements, compliance, enforcement, and oversight.
(1) Record keeping.
(a)
Records shall be
maintained on forms provided by or approved by the director.
(a)
(b)
Upon request by the director or
his
the director's authorized representative, any person
shall make available, within a reasonable time for inspection and copying, all
records pertaining to the land application system, including
the following:
(i) Pollutant sampling records
;
.
(ii) Inflow and outflow monitoring
records
; and
.
(iii)
Storage impoundment monitoring records for freeboard and the number of days of
remaining storage.
(b)
(c) Any person who
owns a land application system shall maintain all sampling and monitoring
records at the treatment works for at least five years. These records shall be
made available to Ohio EPA, upon request.
(2) Reporting requirements.
(a) The director shall be notified in writing
within seven days of any person discovering noncompliance with a land
application management plan or an NPDES permit.
(b) The director shall be notified at least
six months prior to the expiration date of a land application
contract.
(3)
Compliance, enforcement and oversight.
(a) The
director may deny any land application management plan application not in
compliance with this chapter and require the submittal of a new land
application management plan application, including all applicable fees, to be
submitted to Ohio EPA within thirty days.
(b)
The director may
revoke approval of any land application management plan, where the land
application system is de-commissioned or a proposed land application system is
never built.
(b)
(c) The director may revoke
approval of any land application management plan not
in compliance with this chapter.
(c)
(d) A land application
system shall maintain compliance with effluent limits in the land application
management plan or NPDES permit at the point the effluent leaves the treatment
works, prior to storage, or prior to land application, if no storage is
provided.
(d)
(e) The director may require sampling and monitoring
for pollutants at any drain tile outfall, including
sampling for
but not limited
to the following:
(ii)
Total suspended solids
;
.
(iii)
Fecal coliform bacteria
E. coli
; or
.
(iv)
Total inorganic nitrogen
