(1) Overhead Guards.
(a) Where a rider type lift truck operator is
exposed to hoisted objects that might fall, or stacked objects that might be
dislodged and fall, the truck shall be equipped with an overhead guard. The
guard shall be of sufficient strength to support impact load tests as specified
in Table OR-N-1: [Table not included. See ED. NOTE.]
(b) Impact load tests shall be conducted with
the guard in place on a vehicle for which it is designed or on a simulated
mounting. Running gear need not be in place. The load shall be dropped in free
fall from an appropriate height so that the impact is centered approximately
above the driver's position. Test loads shall have a length equal to or greater
than the width of the guard, and shall strike the canopy at right angles to the
vehicle frame.
(c) Guards of a
design which has been so tested shall be identified by a metal tag permanently
attached to the canopy in a position where it may be easily read from the
ground. This tag shall be permanently and clearly marked with the impact test
load, expressed in foot-pounds to which guards of the same design have been
tested.
Note: Guards required by OAR
437-002-0227(1) (a) through
(c), or by the rules following, are not
intended to withstand the impact of a capacity load falling from any height.
(d) Guards which are not
of a design which has been tested in accordance with OAR
437-002-0227(1)(a) through
(c) of this rule, may be constructed of
material as specified in Table OR-N-2 or material of equivalent strength:
[Table not included. See ED. NOTE.]
(e) The construction of canopy guards are
built in compliance with OAR
437-002-0227(1)(d)
shall be based on the strength of four
upright members. Guards constructed with less than four upright members shall
be of equivalent strength.
(A) Canopy type
overhead guard frames shall be braced to overhead members on each side of the
frame to provide structural rigidity both longitudinally and transversely.
(B) All guard mountings or
attaching brackets shall be constructed and secured to the vehicle in a manner
to provide adequate support to the upright members of the canopy type overhead
guard.
(C) Cantilever overhead
guards shall be of equivalent strength.
(f) Guards shall be constructed in a manner
that does not interfere with good visibility, but openings in the top shall not
exceed 6 inches in one of the two dimensions, width or length. Guards shall be
large enough to extend over the operator under all normal circumstances of
operation, including forward tilt.
(A)
Provisions shall be made so that failure of the mast-tilting mechanism will not
allow the overhead guard to cause injury to the operator.
(B) Lift trucks operated by seated operators
shall have not less than 39 inches of clear vertical space between the
operator's seat when depressed and the underside of the guard. Lift trucks
operated by standing operators shall have not less than 74 inches of clear
vertical space between the platform and the underside of the guard.
Note: Where overall height of truck with forks in
lowered position is limited by head room conditions and there is insufficient
space for vertical clearance or for the operator to assume a normal driving
position, normal overhead guard heights may be reduced, or the overhead guard
may be omitted. The height and stability of stacks of piled material, the
weight of individual units handled, and the operating space available shall be
such as will provide reasonable safety for the operator if it is necessary to
remove the overhead guard.
(2) Load Back Rest. Lift trucks which handle
small objects or unbanded units shall be equipped with a vertical load back
rest.
(a) It shall have height, width,
strength, sufficient to prevent the load or any part of it from falling toward
the operator.
(b) It shall be
constructed in a manner that does not interfere with good visibility.
(c) Size of openings shall not
exceed 6 inches in one dimension.
(3) Shear Point Guards. Shear points on
forklift loaders and similar type vehicles shall be guarded as necessary to
protect operators from hazardous exposure.
(4) Personnel Platforms. Whenever a lift
truck is used for lifting personnel without controls at the platform, the
following precautions shall be taken for the protection of personnel being
elevated:
(a) A work platform equipped with
standard guardrails or equivalent means, and firmly secured to the lifting
carriage or forks, shall be used.
(b) The hydraulic system shall be so designed
that the lift mechanism will not drop faster than 135 feet per minute in the
event of a failure in any part of the system.
(c) An operator shall attend the lift
equipment while workers are on the platform.
(d) The operator shall be in the normal
operating position while raising or lowering the platform.
(e) The vehicle shall not travel from point
to point with the work platform elevated at a height greater than 4 feet while
workers are on the platform. When necessary at heights greater than 4 feet,
inching may be permitted provided it is done at a very slow speed.
(f) If workers on the platform can contact
the lift chains or other dangerous pinch or shear points on the mast or
carriage, the platform must have a screen or guard that prevents contact.
(5) Equipment and
attachments.
(a) Do not allow spinner knobs
on vehicles without power steering. Spinner knobs must be on the inside of the
steering wheel.
(b) All vehicles
must have a working horn that can be heard above surrounding area noise.
NOTE: Paragraph (c) does not apply when the
vehicle backs up with an observer or when the operator verifies that there is
nobody behind the vehicle or when nobody may enter the danger area without the
operator's knowledge.
(c)
Vehicles with an obstructed view to the rear must have a backup alarm that can
be heard over the surrounding noise. If surrounding noise prevents this or if
there are so many vehicles using backup alarms that they cannot be
distinguished from each other, flashing or strobe lights are acceptable.
(d) Vehicle brakes must be
effective when the vehicle is fully loaded.
Notes
Or. Admin. Code
§
437-002-0227
OSHA 13-1993, f. 8-20-93,
cert. ef. 11-1-93; OSHA 6-1999, f. & cert. ef. 5-26-99; OSHA 6-2007, f.
& cert. ef. 9-26-07
Tables referenced are available from the
agency.
Stat. Auth.: ORS
654.025(2)
& 656.726(4)
Stats. Implemented: ORS
654.001 -
654.295
