18 U.S. Code § 831 - Prohibited transactions involving nuclear materials
A prior section 831, acts June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 738; Sept. 6, 1960, Pub. L. 86–710, 74 Stat. 808; July 27, 1965, Pub. L. 89–95, 79 Stat. 285; Oct. 17, 1978, Pub. L. 95–473; § 2(a)(1)(A), 92 Stat. 1464, defined terms used in this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 96–129, title II, § 216(b), Nov. 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 1015. For savings provisions regarding former section 831, see section 218 of Pub. L. 96–129, set out as a note under former sections 832 to 835 of this title.
2015—Subsec. (a)(3) to (7). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (2), added par. (3) and redesignated former pars. (3) to (6) as (4) to (7), respectively. Former par. (7) redesignated (8).
Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (3), redesignated par. (7) as (8) and substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (5)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”.
Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (4), redesignated par. (8) as (9) and substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (7)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(1), substituted “through (8)” for “through (7)” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(2), substituted “paragraph (9)” for “paragraph (8)” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(1), inserted “or a stateless person whose habitual residence is in the United States” before semicolon.
Subsec. (c)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(2)–(4), added pars. (5) to (7) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: “either—
“(A) the governmental entity under subsection (a)(5) is the United States; or
“(B) the threat under subsection (a)(6) is directed at the United States.”
Subsecs. (d) to (g). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(d), (e), added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsecs. (d) to (f) as (e) to (g), respectively.
Subsec. (g)(8) to (12). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(f), added pars. (8) to (12).
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(A), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(i), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”.
Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(ii), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “knows that circumstances exist which are likely to cause the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property;”.
Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(C), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(A), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “the defendant is a national of the United States, as defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101);”.
Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(B), struck out “at the time of the offense the nuclear material is in use, storage, or transport, for peaceful purposes, and” before “after the conduct” and struck out “or” at end.
Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(C), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material for peaceful purposes” and “; or” for period at end.
Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(D), added par. (5).
Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(i), struck out “with an isotopic concentration not in excess of 80 percent plutonium 238” after “plutonium”.
Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(ii), substituted “enriched uranium, defined as uranium” for “uranium”.
Subsec. (f)(2) to (7). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(B)–(F), added par. (2), redesignated former pars. (2) to (4) as (3) to (5), respectively, and added pars. (6) and (7).
1994—Subsec. (b)(1)(A), (2)(A). Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fine of not more than $250,000”.
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted “section 46501 of title 49” for “section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301)”.
1988—Subsec. (e)(2) to (6). Pub. L. 100–690 redesignated pars. (3) to (6) as (2) to (5), respectively.
Pub. L. 97–351, § 1, Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1663, provided that:
Pub. L. 104–132, title V, § 501, Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1281, provided that: