Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. R. 391-3-5-.09 - Water Treatment Facilities
(1)
Water Treatment Facility
Requirements. All means and methods of treating, purifying and storing
water for public water systems must be approved by the Division. The Division
shall consider, but not be limited to, the following requirements when
evaluating water treatment facilities for a public water system:
(a) Surface water treatment plants and ground
water treatment plants must be of such design and capacity to provide for the
required treatment of the raw water so that the drinking water will comply with
the rules of this Chapter. In addition, surface water treatment plants and
plants treating ground water under the influence of surface water must provide
facilities for filtration of the raw water, and must provide, when required by
the Division, flocculation and sedimentation of the raw water and continuous
coagulation or application of other filter aids for optimization of filter
performance.
1. Water treatment plants
processing surface water sources shall include, but not be limited to, means
for rapid mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The
treatment plant shall be of such construction to allow units to be taken out of
service without disrupting operation and required treatment
processes.
2. Based upon the
quality of raw water, the quality desired in the finished water and other
factors, multiple-stage treatment facilities and/or presedimentation
facilities, shall be provided when required by the Division.
(b) The Division may accept new
and alternate treatment means, methods and technologies, provided the following
are demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Division:
1. The treatment method has been thoroughly
tested in full scale comparable installations by an acceptable third party, in
accordance with protocol and standards acceptable to the Division.
2. The treatment method has been thoroughly
tested in a pilot plant approved by the Division, by an acceptable third party,
in accordance with protocol and standards acceptable to the Division, and
operated for a period that will demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability
of the proposed treatment system during changes in seasonal, and climatic
conditions.
3. Compliance with the
treatment technique requirements of paragraph (1)(p).
(c) Water from a spring shall be disinfected
and retained in a detention tank for a minimum of thirty (30) minutes unless
otherwise approved by the Division; and such additional water treatment as the
Division may require for the drinking water to comply with the rules of this
Chapter.
(d) Chemical feed
equipment shall be of such design and capacity to accurately supply, at all
times, the treatment chemicals required.
(e) Chlorination equipment may be
solution-feed-gas-type but must have sufficient feed capacity for the treatment
of the raw water and drinking water to maintain a chlorine residual in the
drinking water as required by paragraph (2) of Rule
391-3-5-.14.
(f) Gas chlorination equipment and cylinders
must be housed in a separate room or facility provided for that purpose,
separated from the other treatment facilities and chemicals. The following
shall be required:
1. Chlorine cylinders
stored or used outdoors must be protected from the direct rays of the sun by
shading and additionally protected to prevent unauthorized tampering.
2. Chlorine cylinders must be secured from
accidental tipping or movement.
3.
A chlorine gas mask or self-contained gas mask (air pack) must be provided
outside the gas chlorine room or facility or otherwise made available and be
readily accessible to the operator for repairs or emergencies.
4. Forced air ventilation, placed near floor
level and near the cylinders, must be provided to exhaust any leaking chlorine
gas from a confined room or facility. Exhaust fumes must be directed away from
the entrance to the room or facility. The fan must be activated by an outside
switch or start automatically when the door is opened.
5. A small bottle of fresh ammonia solution
shall be provided for testing for chlorine gas leaks.
(g) Hypochlorite feeders are not required to
be placed in a separate room or facility.
(h) Other means of disinfection such as
iodine, ultra-violet light, or ozone treatment may be approved by the
Division.
(i) There must be
sufficient space for chemical storage.
(j) Fluoridation equipment and chemicals,
where used, must be placed in a separate room or facility provided for that
purpose, unless otherwise approved by the Division.
(k) Each water treatment facility must have,
as may be required by the Division, a laboratory and laboratory equipment to
perform daily tests pertinent to the proper control of the required water
treatment operations.
(l) Water
sampling taps shall be placed in the water treatment facility, as may be
required by the Division, for obtaining water samples to perform laboratory
tests to ensure the proper functioning of the water treatment
facility.
(m) A metering device to
measure the flow of raw water and/or treated water is required for all surface
water treatment plants and all new wells serving public water
systems.
(n) Water from a well used
as a source of water supply shall be disinfected unless otherwise approved by
the Division and such additional water treatment as the Division may require
for the drinking water to comply with the rules of this Chapter.
(o) Chemical water treatment equipment must
be installed in such a manner to prevent back-siphonage or overdosing of the
chemicals to the water supply.
(p)
Each public water system with a surface water source or a ground water source
under the direct influence of surface water must provide treatment of that
source water that complies with these treatment technique requirements. The
treatment technique requirements consist of installing and properly operating
water treatment processes which reliably achieve:
1. At least 99.9 percent (3-log) removal
and/or inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts between a point
where the raw water is not subject to recontamination by surface water runoff
and a point downstream before or at the first customer; and
2. At least 99.99 percent (4-log) removal
and/or inactivation of viruses between a point where the raw water is not
subject to recontamination by surface water runoff and a point downstream
before or at the first customer.
3.
At least 99 percent (2-log) removal of Cryptosporidium between
a point where the raw water is not subject to recontamination by surface water
runoff and a point downstream before or at the first customer for filtered
systems. This treatment technique requirement is applicable to Subpart H
systems serving at least 10,000 people, beginning January 1, 2002, and to
systems serving fewer than 10,000 people, beginning January 14, 2005.
(q) Effective June 29, 1993, each
public water system with a surface water source or a ground water source under
the direct influence of surface water source shall conduct continuous
monitoring of the residual disinfectant concentration of the water entering the
distribution system. The continuous online chlorine analyzer shall be
calibrated in accordance with EPA Method 334.0. Systems must record the results
of the residual disinfectant monitoring every fifteen (15) minutes, and record
and report the lowest value each day, except if there is a failure in the
continuous monitoring equipment, grab sampling every 4 hours may be conducted
in lieu of continuous monitoring, but for no more than 5 working days following
the failure of the equipment, and systems serving 3,300 or fewer persons may
take grab samples in lieu of providing continuous monitoring on an ongoing
basis at the frequencies each day prescribed below:
|
Population Served |
Samples per day1 |
|
500 or fewer |
1 |
|
501 to 1,000 |
2 |
|
1,001 to 2,500 |
3 |
|
2,501 to 3,300 |
4 |
Note: 1 The day's samples cannot be taken at the same time. The sampling intervals are subject to Division review and approval. The residual disinfectant concentration in the water entering the distribution system cannot be less than 0.2 mg/L for more than four hours. If at any time the residual disinfectant concentration falls below 0.2 mg/L in a system using grab sampling in lieu of continuous monitoring, the system must take a grab sample every 4 hours until the residual disinfectant concentration is equal to or greater than 0.2 mg/L.
1. Maintenance of the disinfectant residual
in the distribution system must conform to paragraph (2) of Rule
391-3-5-.14.
2. Until March 31, 2016, the residual
disinfectant concentration must be measured at least at the same points in the
distribution system and at the same time as total coliforms are sampled, as
specified in 40 CFR §
141.21
3. Beginning April 1, 2016, the residual
disinfectant concentration must be measured at least at the same points in the
distribution system and at the same time as total coliforms are sampled, as
specified in Rule
391-3-5-.55(4) through
(8). The Division may allow a public water
system which uses both a surface water source or a ground water source under
the direct influence of surface water, and a ground water source, to take
disinfectant residual samples at points other than the total coliform sampling
points if the Division determines that such points are more representative of
treated (disinfected) water quality within the distribution system.
Heterotrophic bacteria, measured as heterotrophic plate count (HPC) as
specified in 40 CFR §
141.74(a)(1), may be
measured in lieu of residual disinfectant concentration.
(r) Filter backwash recycling requirement:
40 CFR §
141.76 is hereby incorporated by reference.
All subpart H systems that employ conventional filtration or direct filtration
treatment and that recycle spent filter backwash water, thickener supernatant,
or liquids from dewatering processes must meet the requirements in paragraphs
(b), (c) and (d) of 40 CFR
§
141.76.
1. Treatment technique requirement. Any
system that recycles spent filter backwash water, thickener supernatant, or
liquids from dewatering processes must return these flows through the processes
of a system's existing conventional or direct filtration system as defined in
40 CFR §
141.2 or at an alternate location approved by
the Division by June 8, 2004. If capital improvements are required to modify
the recycle location to meet this requirement, all capital improvements must be
completed no later than June 8, 2006.
2. Record keeping. The system must collect
and retain on file recycle flow information specified in paragraphs (d)(1)
through (6) or 40 CFR §
141.76 for review and evaluation by the
Division beginning June 8, 2004.
Notes
State regulations are updated quarterly; we currently have two versions available. Below is a comparison between our most recent version and the prior quarterly release. More comparison features will be added as we have more versions to compare.
No prior version found.