(B)
Emissions test methods and procedures for all new and existing sources.
(1) For the purpose of determining compliance
with paragraph (A)(1) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, visible particulate emissions shall be determined
according to the following:
(a) Except as
provided in paragraph (B)(1)(b) of this rule,
"USEPA
Method
method 9
"
or continuous opacity
monitoring as specified in paragraph (C) of this rule shall be employed.
(b) As an alternative to the
compliance procedures specified in paragraph (B)(1)(a) of this rule, coal-fired
boilers with heat input capacities equal to or greater than two hundred fifty
million Btu per hour that are controlled with either baghouses or electrostatic
precipitators may determine compliance with the visible particulate emission
limitations specified in paragraph (A)(1) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code through the use of continuous opacity monitoring
data. The continuous opacity monitoring system shall comply with the
requirements specified in
40 CFR
60.13 and shall be certified in accordance
with
the requirements of "USEPA Performance
Specification 1." (The continuous opacity monitoring system consists of all the
equipment used to acquire data and includes the data recording/processing
hardware and software.) During each calendar quarter, the permittee shall be
deemed in compliance with paragraph (A)(1) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code if the following conditions are met:
(i) The nonexempt opacity values in excess of
twenty per cent opacity are less than
1.10 per cent of the six-minute
average opacity values. (Exempt opacity values are defined in paragraphs
(A)(1)(b), (A)(2), and (A)(3) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code.)
(ii)
None of the nonexempt six-minute average opacity values exceeds sixty per
cent.
(iii) The total amount of
time, in hours, of exempt and nonexempt opacity values greater than twenty per
cent and less than sixty per cent (not including start-up, shutdown, and
malfunction exemptions provided in paragraphs (A)(2) and (A)(3) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code) does not exceed the product of 0.10 times the
actual number of hours the emissions unit was in operation during the calendar
quarter.
In the event of a discrepancy between the continuous opacity
monitoring data and any observations performed in accordance with paragraph
(B)(1)(a) of this rule during the same time period, an evaluation may be
performed by the Ohio EPA to assess the accuracy of the continuous opacity
monitoring data (which may include an audit of the continuous opacity
monitoring system performed in accordance with EPA 340/1-86-010 (recommended
quality assurance procedures for opacity continuous emission monitoring
systems) and "Acid Rain Program Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS)
Field Audit Manual" and the validity of the observations performed in
accordance with paragraph (B)(1)(a) of this rule. The Ohio EPA may accept and
utilize any data or observation it finds credible. The permittee is not
precluded from using any credible evidence in defense of any enforcement action
that may be initiated by the Ohio EPA.
(2) For the purpose of determining compliance
with paragraph (B)(2) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, pertaining to visible particulate emissions from
coke oven batteries:
(a) Charging operations:
(i) The charging period shall begin when the
coal from the charging system starts to enter the oven and shall end when the
last charge port lid is replaced. Such charging period shall not include the
period of time during which the port lids are reopened in order to sweep
spilled coal into the oven.
(ii)
The observer shall stand on the topside of the coke oven battery such that a
good view of all charge ports of the oven being charged and the charging system
is possible. The observer may change position to obtain a clear view of all
oven ports, drop sleeves, and hoppers. During the charging period, the observer
shall watch all the potential emission sources including the charge ports and
the entire charging system. Upon observing the release of any visible
particulate emission, an accumulative stopwatch shall be started. The watch
shall be stopped when the visible particulate emission stops and shall be
restarted when a visible particulate emission reappears. The observer shall
continue this procedure for the entire charging period. If visible particulate
emissions should occur simultaneously from several points during a charge, the
visible particulate emissions shall be timed collectively as one continuous
visible particulate emission. Furthermore, visible particulate emissions which
may start from one source immediately after those from another source shall be
timed as one continuous visible particulate emission. The following visible
particulate emissions shall not be timed: steam vapor, visible particulate
emissions from burning coal that is spilled on top of the oven or oven lid
during charging, visible particulate emissions emitted from any equipment other
than the charging system or charging ports, visible particulate emissions from
closed standpipes during charging, visible particulate emissions emitted from
coke oven doors which may rise above the battery and which may be windblown
across its topside, and visible particulate emissions that drift from the top
of the charging system, but have already been timed as a visible particulate
emission from the drop sleeve below the hopper. The time recorded on the
stopwatch shall represent the total time that visible particulate emissions are
observed during a charge. The number of seconds of visible particulate
emissions observed for each charge shall be recorded on a data sheet.
(iii) A minimum of six consecutive charges
shall be observed and the time in seconds of visible particulate emissions
during such charges shall be totalled. If the observations of a set of
consecutive charges is interrupted by an event not in the control of an
observer, then the data for the interrupted
charge(s)
charges
shall be discarded and additional
charge(s)
charges
shall be observed until the total number of consecutive charges equals at least
six. For purposes of this paragraph, charges immediately preceding and
following any interrupted or discarded
charge(s)
charges
shall be deemed consecutive.
(b) Offtake piping and charging hole lids:
(i) The observer shall walk down the length
of the top of the battery and shall complete the inspection in an expeditious
manner consistent with the safety of the observer. When safety conditions
permit, the observer will walk near the center of the battery, but may deviate
from this path to obtain a better view of any lid or offtake piping system.
Separate traverses may be performed for offtake piping and charging hole lids.
If the battery has two collector mains, the observer may make two traverses
when observing visible particulate emissions from offtake piping. If an
observer elects to make two traverses for a battery which has two collector
mains, the observer shall inspect one collector main during the first traverse
and inspect the other collector main during the second traverse. During each
traverse, the observer shall record the time of the beginning and end of each
traverse and the identity of any charging hole or offtake piping system having
visible particulate emissions.
(ii)
Visible particulate emissions from offtake piping shall include emissions from
cracks
and/or
or defects in the piping, emissions from the jointure
of the battery to the standpipe, emissions from the standpipe to the gooseneck
and gooseneck to the collector main, emissions from the seal between the
gooseneck and gooseneck lid, and emissions from opened offtake lids. Visible
particulate emissions from charging holes shall include emissions from the seal
between the charging hole or stationary jumper pipe lid and its casting,
emissions from the charging hole or stationary jumper pipe casting/battery
interface, and emissions from opened charging holes or stationary jumper pipe
lids. Visible particulate emissions which shall not be included are emissions
caused by maintenance work in progress at an oven, emissions caused by the
vaporization of wet luting materials, emissions caused by burning or smoldering
excess topside coal, and emissions from charging ports and offtake piping
during the charging operation. Visible particulate emissions from open offtake
piping and charging holes, from a maximum of three ovens, shall be exempt.
Regardless of the number of points from which visible particulate emissions are
observed from any one offtake piping system, the maximum entry for any oven
with a single offtake system shall be one and the maximum entry for any oven
with two offtake piping systems shall be two. The maximum number of charging
hole leaks recorded for any oven shall not exceed the number of charging holes
on that oven.
(iii) The percentage
of charging holes and offtake piping with visible particulate emissions shall
be determined by totalling the number of charging holes or offtake piping with
visible particulate emissions, including that number of opened charging holes
and offtake piping with visible particulate emissions which exceeds the amount
which is allowed for three ovens, dividing that number by the total number of
observed charging holes or offtake piping on operating ovens, and multiplying
the result by one hundred per cent. For purposes of this paragraph, any oven
which is not out of service for rebuild or maintenance work that is extensive
enough to require the oven to be skipped in the charging sequence shall
constitute an operating oven. Further, any opened charging hole or offtake
piping lids on operating ovens shall be included as observed charging holes and
offtake piping.
(c) Oven
doors:
(i) The observer shall observe visible
particulate emissions by completely walking around the coke oven battery at a
steady distance from a position just outside the pusher machine and quencher
car tracks as close to the battery as safety and visibility conditions permit.
The observer shall traverse each side of a battery expeditiously, recording the
time of the beginning and end of each side traverse, the identity of each door
having visible particulate emissions, and the identity of any door not
observable during the traverse. A visible particulate emission from an
individual door shall be noted on an inspection sheet when an observer
determines any visible particulate emissions are occurring from any location on
the perimeter of a coke oven door or chuck door. Visible particulate emissions
observed at the top of the battery above a specific oven door but not clearly
attributable to such door shall not be counted in this procedure. An observer
shall observe each oven door only once while scanning the perimeter for any
visible particulate emissions. After a brief scan of an oven door, the observer
shall move along his/her traverse, checking subsequent doors on the battery in
a like manner. If a temporary machine obstruction occurs which blocks the view
of a series of ovens, the ovens shall be bypassed and the remaining oven doors
on that side of the battery shall be observed. After the traverse of such side
of the battery, the bypassed oven doors and only those oven doors, may be
reobserved. After completing one side, the observer shall proceed directly to
the opposite side of the battery and proceed to perform a like traverse while
repeating the above procedures. A row of two or more continuous batteries may
be inspected by observing all of the pusher side doors and then all of the coke
side doors.
(ii) The percentage of
oven doors with visible particulate emissions shall be determined by totalling
the number of doors with visible particulate emissions, dividing that sum by
the total number of observed doors on operating ovens, and multiplying the
result by one hundred per cent. For purposes of this paragraph, any oven which
is not out of service for a rebuild or maintenance work that is extensive
enough to require that oven to be skipped in the charging sequence shall
constitute an operating oven. Further, any doors that are removed from
operating ovens shall constitute unobserved doors.
(d) For any pushing operations, visible
particulate emissions shall be determined according to
"USEPA
Method
method 9
" with the following modifications:
(i) Paragraph 2.5 ("Data Reduction") of
"USEPA
Method
method 9
" shall not be used; and
(ii) Visible particulate emission readings
shall be recorded at fifteen-second intervals during each pushing operation
observed and the average reading during each such operation shall be determined
by summing the opacity readings and dividing this sum by the number of
observations during that pushing operation.
(3) For the purpose of determining compliance
with paragraphs (B)(1), (B)(3), (B) (7)(a)(i), (B)(7)(b), (B)(7)(c), and
(B)(8)(a) to (B)(8)(d) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, paragraphs (C)(3)(c), (D)(3), (F)(4)(c), (I)(1),
(L)(3), (O)(1), (P)(2), (V)(4)(c), (W)(2), (X)(2), and (X)(3) of rule
3745-17-12
of the Administrative Code, or with paragraph (D)(4)(a) of rule
3745-17-13
of the Administrative Code, visible emissions of fugitive dust shall be
determined according to
"USEPA
Method
method
9
" with the following modifications:
(a) For paragraphs (B)(1), (B)(7)(b),
(B)(7)(c), (B)(8)(b), (B)(8)(d), and (B)(9) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, the data reduction and average opacity calculation
shall be based upon sets of twelve consecutive visible emission observations
recorded at fifteen-second intervals.
(b) Opacity observations shall be made from a
position that provides the observer a clear view of the source and the fugitive
dust with the sun behind the observer. A position at least fifteen feet from
the source is recommended. To the extent possible, the line of sight should be
approximately perpendicular to the flow of fugitive dust and to the longer axis
of the emissions. Except as provided in paragraphs (B)(3) (d) and (B)(3)(e) of
this rule, opacity observations shall be made for the point of highest opacity
within the fugitive dust. Since the highest opacity usually occurs immediately
above or downwind of the source, the observer should normally concentrate on
the
area(s)
area of the plume close to the source. For purposes of
paragraphs (B)(7)(b) and (B)(8)(b) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, observations shall be made where the fugitive dust
plume is distinctly separate from the falling material and from the surface of
the pile.
(d) For paragraphs (B)(7)(a)(i), (B)(8)(a),
and (B)(8)(c) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code and paragraphs (I)(1), (O)(1), and (P)(2) of rule
3745-17-12
of the Administrative Code:
(i) A data set
shall consist of twelve observations based on four uninterrupted vehicle
passes, three observations per vehicle pass, using
"USEPA
Method
method
9.
" The initial observation shall be taken
immediately after passage of the first vehicle, at the point of highest opacity
within the fugitive dust, and at four feet above the surface of the roadway or
parking area. Two additional observations shall be taken at the same point as
the initial observation and at five seconds and ten seconds after the initial
reading. The same procedure shall be conducted for the next three vehicle
passes. If any interruption in observations during any vehicle pass occurs, the
observation(s)
observations taken during that vehicle pass shall be
discarded and the next vehicle pass shall be observed. For vehicle traffic on
top of any material storage pile, the observer may observe passes of the same
vehicle or vehicles, at identical of different points atop the pile, in order
to obtain readings for four vehicle passes.
(ii) The data reduction and average opacity
calculation shall be based upon the average of twelve observations in each data
set.
(e) For paragraph
(B)(7)(c) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, observations of fugitive dust resulting from a
vehicle's movement upon a coal storage pile shall be made at a point no less
than one vehicle length from the rear of the vehicle and at an elevation no
lower than the maximum height of the vehicle. For purposes of this rule,
vehicle length and height shall be based upon the length and height of the
vehicle being observed.
(4) For the purpose of determining compliance
with paragraphs (B)(4) to (B)(6), (B)(7)(a)(ii), and (B)(7)(d) of rule
3745-17-07
of the Administrative Code, paragraphs (B), (C)(1), (C)(2), (E), (F)(1) to
(F)(3), (K), (M)(1), (M)(2), (Q)(1), (S)(4)(b), (U)(1), (U)(2), (V)(1) to
(V)(3), (W)(1), (X)(1), (X)(4), (Y)(1) to (Y) (3), and (Z) of rule
3745-17-12
of the Administrative Code, or with paragraph (B) of rule
3745-17-13
of the Administrative Code, visible emissions of fugitive dust shall be
determined according to
"USEPA
Method
method
22
" with the following modifications:
(a) If the observer's view is obscured and
observations
must
shall be terminated prior to completing the necessary
or desired observation period, the observer shall clearly note this fact on the
observation form. When the observer's view of the source is no longer obscured,
the observations shall recommence to complete the observation period.
(b) The observer shall identify on the
observation form all interruptions due to rest breaks.
(c) For the purpose of determining compliance
with the applicable visible emission limitation, the observations, excluding
break periods and periods of obscured vision, shall be considered
continuous.
(d) For any roadway or
parking area, the observer shall determine the presence and duration of visible
particulate matter at the same point of the potential emissions and at a height
approximately four feet above the surface of the roadway or parking area.
(5) Visible particulate
emission readings other than those referenced in paragraph (B)(4) of this rule
shall be determined by observers qualified according to tests and procedures
set forth in
"USEPA
Method
method
9.
"
(6) The director may refuse to accept the
results of emission tests conducted pursuant to paragraphs (B)(7) to (B)(10) of
this rule which are not conducted with prior review and approval of the test
specifications by the director. Test specifications
must
shall be
submitted for this purpose at least thirty days before the proposed test date.
The director will advise an entity of any deficiencies in the proposed test
specifications as expeditiously as practicable so as to minimize any disruption
of the proposed testing schedule.
(7) For the purpose of determining compliance
with paragraphs (B)(3) and (B)(4) of rule
3745-17-08
of the Administrative Code:
(a) The amount of
particulate emissions shall be determined by the test methods specified in
paragraph
(B)(12)
(B)(15) of rule
3745-17-01 of the
Administrative Code.
(b) For
electric arc furnaces at iron foundries, steel foundries and iron and steel
mills, the sampling and measurement of the particulate emissions shall be
performed only during those operating intervals commencing with the addition of
cold scrap to the furnace and ending with the completion of the tapping of the
furnace.
(c) For argon-oxygen
decarburization vessels, the sampling and measurement of the particulate
emissions shall be performed only during those operating intervals commencing
with the pouring of hot metal into the vessel and ending with the completion of
the tapping of the vessel.
(d) For
basic oxygen furnaces, the sampling and measurement of the particulate
emissions shall be performed only during those operating intervals commencing
with the addition of hot metal to the furnace and ending with the completion of
the tapping of the furnace.
(e) For
hot metal transfer operations, the sampling and measurement of the particulate
emissions shall be performed only during those operating intervals when hot
metal is being poured.
(f) For hot
metal desulfurization operations, the sampling and measurement of the
particulate emissions shall be performed only during those operating intervals
commencing with the initial injection of the desulfurization agent into the hot
metal and ending with the completion of the injection process.
(g) For blast furnace casthouses, the
sampling and measurement of the particulate emissions shall be performed only
during the casting operation, commencing with the opening of the tap hole and
ending one minute after the positioning of the mud gun to plug the tap
hole.
(h) For pushing operations at
coke oven batteries, one point of a probe traverse shall be sampled during each
pushing operation and the sampling and measurement of the particulate emissions
shall be performed only during those operating intervals commencing with the
first movement of the ram and ending with the full extension of the ram plus
ten seconds or with the first movement of the quench car, whichever occurs
first.
(8) For the
purpose of determining compliance with rule
3745-17-09
of the Administrative Code:
(a) The amount of
particulate emissions from an incinerator shall be determined by test methods
specified in paragraph
(B)(12)
(B)(15) of rule
3745-17-01 of the
Administrative Code. Emission tests shall be conducted at maximum burning
capacity of the incinerator.
(b)
The maximum burning capacity of an incinerator shall be the manufacturer's or
designer's guaranteed maximum rate or such other rate as may be determined by
the director in accordance with good engineering practices. In case of
conflict, the determination made by the director shall govern.
(9) For the purpose of determining
compliance with rule
3745-17-10
of the Administrative Code and paragraphs (N)(1), (N)(2), (O)(7), (O)(8)(a),
(P)(1), (P)(7), and (P)(8) of rule
3745-17-12
of the Administrative Code:
(a) The amount of
particulate emissions shall be determined by test methods specified in
paragraph
(B)(12)
(B)(15) of rule
3745-17-01 of the
Administrative Code, except that for
"USEPA
Method
method
5
" the probe and filter holder heating
systems in the sampling train shall be set to provide a gas temperature no
greater than three hundred twenty degrees Fahrenheit (one hundred sixty degrees
Celsius).
(b) The heat content of
fuels shall be determined according to ASTM
D5685-05
D5685-11 or
ASTM E870-82
(2013) for solid fuels, ASTM
D240-02
D240-14 for liquid fuels, and ASTM D1826-94
(2010) for gaseous fuels.
(c) The ash content of coal shall be
determined according to ASTM
D3174-04
D3174-12.
(10) For the purpose of determining
compliance with rule
3745-17-11
of the Administrative Code, paragraphs (C)(3)(b), (D)(2), (F)(4)(b), (F)(5),
(G), (H), (I)(2) to (I)(14), (I)(16), (I)(17), (I)(19) to (I)(30), (I)(38) to
(I)(40), (I)(43), (I)(45), (I)(46), (I)(48), (J), (L)(2), (M)(3), (N)(3),
(N)(4), (O)(3) to (O)(6), (O)(9), (O)(10), (P)(3)(a), (P)(4) to (P)(6),
(P)(10), (P)(11), (Q)(2), (R)(1), (S) (1) to (S)(4)(a), (T), (U)(3), (V)(4)(b),
and (Y)(4) of rule
3745-17-12
of the Administrative Code, and paragraphs (D)(2), (D)(3), (D)(4)(b) to
(D)(4)(d), (D) (5) and (D)(6) of rule
3745-17-13
of the Administrative Code:
(a) The amount of
particulate emissions shall be determined by test methods specified in
paragraph
(B)(11)
(B)(15) of rule
3745-17-01 of the
Administrative Code.
(b) The
controlled mass rate of particulate emissions from sources equipped with
control equipment, or the uncontrolled mass rate of particulate emissions from
sources not equipped with control equipment, shall be determined by sampling
and other measurements made at the air contaminant source or sources prior to
the point at which air contaminants are emitted to the ambient air. For sources
equipped with control equipment, the uncontrolled mass rate of emission may be
determined by either sampling in the stack upstream from the inlet of the
control equipment or by the use of other techniques accepted by the
director.
(c) For coke quench
towers, the concentration of total dissolved solids in the quench water shall
be determined according to Section 209(C), "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater," using a drying temperature between one
hundred three and one hundred five degrees Celsius. Analyses shall be performed
on grab samples of the quench water as applied to the coke. Samples shall be
collected at a minimum of five days per week per quench tower and analyzed to
report a weekly average concentration for each quench tower. Samples for each
week
must
shall be analyzed either:
(i) Separately, with daily concentrations
determined and averaged as a weekly average, or
(ii) As one composite sample, with equal
volumes of each day's sample combined to form the composite sample.