[Comment: For dates of non-regulatory government publications,
publications of recognized organizations and associations, federal rules and
federal statutory provisions referenced in this rule, see rule
3745-40-01 of the Administrative
Code.]
(B) Pathogen
reduction alternatives.
Class B biosolids: For class B biosolids, pathogen reduction
shall be accomplished in accordance with an alternative found in paragraphs
(B)(1) to (B)(16) of this rule.
Exceptional quality biosolids: For exceptional quality
biosolids, pathogen reduction shall be accomplished when the density of fecal
coliform in the sewage sludge is less than one thousand most probable number
(mpn) per gram of total solids (dry weight basis) or the density of Salmonella
sp. bacteria in the sewage sludge is less than three most probable number (mpn)
per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), and a pathogen reduction
alternative is accomplished in accordance with an alternative found in
paragraphs (B)(8) to (B)(16) of this rule. The pathogen
reduction alternative shall be met either prior to, or at the same time as
meeting the vector attraction reduction requirement in paragraphs (C)(1) to
(C)(8) of this rule. To meet the fecal coliform or Salmonella sp.
bacteria requirement, the sampling results shall be representative of the
biosolids leaving the treatment works. At a minimum, seven grab samples of the
biosolids shall be taken and analyzed at least once per reporting period and
all results shall meet the limits listed in this paragraph for the biosolids to
be considered exceptional quality.
[Comment: Pathogen reduction
alternatives P-1 through P-16 can be used to achieve class B biosolids.
Pathogen reduction alternatives P-8 through P-16 can be used to achieve
exceptional quality biosolids.]
(1) Pathogen reduction alternative P-1:
geometric mean of seven samples.
(a)
Requirements for achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-1.
(i) At a minimum, seven grab samples of the
sewage sludge that are proposed for authorized beneficial use shall be
collected. The samples of the sewage sludge shall be taken at various
locations, so as to be representative. The director may require more than seven
samples to be taken to ensure adequate representation.
(ii) The geometric mean of the density of
fecal coliform in the sewage sludge samples shall be either
of the following:
(a) Less than two million most probable
number (mpn) per gram of total solids (dry weight basis); or
.
(b) Less than two million colony forming
units (cfu) per gram of total solids (dry weight basis).
[Comment: Seven samples shall be taken
over a two-week period or in accordance with the standard operating procedure
developed under paragraph (C) of rule
3745-40-09 of the Administrative
Code.
The following geometric mean calculation
example was taken from
Example calculations may
be found in "Environmental Regulations and Technology - Control of
Pathogens and Vector Attraction in Sewage Sludge." This document can be found at the following United States
environmental protection agency web link:
www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r92013/625R92013.pdf.]
Click to
view image
(b) Monitoring frequency requirements for
pathogen reduction alternative P-1. The permittee shall complete monitoring in
accordance with paragraphs (B)(1)(a) to (B)(1)(a)(ii) of rule
3745-40-04 of the Administrative
Code and at the frequencies specified in paragraph (B) of rule
3745-40-09 of the Administrative
Code.
(c) Record keeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-1.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Written documentation that the sewage
sludge has been stabilized through an actively mixed aerobic or anaerobic
process or through lime stabilization. Examples of such documentation include
documenting that lime has been added to the sewage sludge, that proper mixing
and aeration has occurred or calculating the mean cell residence time in a
digester;
.
(ii)
Analytical results for density of fecal coliform for each sample collected from
the sewage sludge; and
.
(iii)
The geometric mean calculations for the sewage
sludge.
(2)
Pathogen reduction alternative P-2: aerobic digestion.
(a) Requirements for achieving pathogen
reduction alternative P-2: aerobic digestion. The requirements for achieving
alternative P-2 include
both of the following:
(i) The sewage sludge shall be agitated with
air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions for a specific mean cell residence
time at a specific temperature; and
.
(ii) The
values for the mean cell residence time and temperature shall be between forty
days at twenty degrees Celsius (sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit) and sixty days
at fifteen degrees Celsius (fifty-nine degrees Fahrenheit), where a minimum
temperature of fifteen degrees Celsius is maintained at all times.
[Comment: The relevant equation for the mean cell residence
time and appurtenant information can be found in appendix E of "Environmental
Regulations and Technology - Control of Pathogen and Vector Attraction in
Sewage Sludge." To calculate the number of days of the mean cell residence time
that is required for temperatures between fifteen and twenty degrees Celsius
(between fifty-nine and sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit), the following equation
should
shall
be used:
Time in days = 40 x
1.08
(20-T) (Where T is the temperature between fifteen
and twenty degrees Celsius.) ]
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-2: aerobic digestion.
The
Both of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) The mean cell residence time of the
sewage sludge in each aerobic digester; and
.
(ii) The records showing the proper
temperature was maintained during the mean cell residence time.
(3) Pathogen reduction
alternative P-3: air drying.
(a) Requirements
for achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-3: air drying. The requirements
for achieving alternative P-3 include
all of the
following:
(i) Partially digested
sewage sludge is dried on sand beds or on paved or unpaved basins for a minimum
of ninety days
;
.
[Comment: Partially digested sewage sludge means sewage sludge
that has been partially stabilized through either an aerobic or anaerobic
process.]
(ii) The average
ambient air temperature is greater than zero degrees Celsius (thirty-two
degrees Fahrenheit) for at least sixty consecutive days within the
ninety day
ninety-day period;
.
(iii) The sewage sludge shall be exposed to
the atmosphere for at least sixty consecutive days within the
ninety day
ninety-day period
;
and
.
[Comment: When sewage sludge is covered by snow or being
dewatered inside a geotextile bag, it is not considered to be exposed to the
atmosphere.]
(iv) All
leachate from the drying basins is returned to the treatment process.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for
pathogen reduction alternative P-3: air drying.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Written documentation that the sewage
sludge has been partially stabilized through an aerobic or anaerobic
process;
.
(ii)
Written documentation that the sewage sludge has been stabilized through an
actively mixed aerobic or anaerobic process;
.
(iii) A description of the drying bed design,
including the type of media being used, the number of drying beds available,
the number of drying beds in use, and the dimensions of each drying bed;
.
(iv) The drying time in days for each drying
bed in use; and
.
(v) The
daily minimum temperature, for each of the
ninety days.
(4) Pathogen reduction alternative P-4:
anaerobic digestion.
(a) Requirements to
achieve pathogen reduction alternative P-4: anaerobic digestion. The
requirements for achieving alternative P-4 include
both
of the following:
(i) Sewage sludge or
biosolids shall be treated in the absence of air for a specific mean cell
residence time at a specific temperature. The sewage sludge or biosolids may be
commingled with bulking agents or additives, as defined in
rule
rules
3745-27-01
3745-560-02and
3745-27-40 of the Administrative Code, and
the followingfeedstocks
.
Bulking agents, additives, or feedstocks shall be introduced prior to, or
during the anaerobic digestion process. An alternative feedstock shall be
authorized by the director or an authorized representative in accordance with
rule 3745-40-02 of the Administrative
Code.:
(a)
Yard wastes;
(b)
Animal wastes;
(c)
Food scraps; or
(d)
An alternative feedstock authorized by the director
or an authorized representative; and
(ii) The values for the mean cell residence
time and the temperature shall be between fifteen days at thirty-five to
fifty-five degrees Celsius (between ninety-five and one hundred thirty-one
degrees Fahrenheit) and sixty days at twenty degrees Celsius (sixty-eight
degrees Fahrenheit). A minimum temperature of twenty degrees Celsius
(sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit) shall be maintained at all times.
[Comment: The relevant equations for the mean cell residence
time and appurtenant information can be found in appendix E of "Environmental
Regulations and Technology-Control of Pathogen and Vector Attraction in Sewage
Sludge." To calculate the number of days of the mean cell residence time
required for temperatures between twenty and thirty degrees Celsius (between
sixty-eight and ninety-five degrees Fahrenheit), the following equation should
be used:
Time in days = 15-+3 (35-T) (Where T is the temperature between
twenty and thirty-five degrees Celsius.)]
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-4: anaerobic digestion.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) The mean cell residence time of sewage
sludge in each digester;
.
(ii) The
temperature records of sewage sludge in each digester; and
.
(iii) The weight or volume and general
counties of origin of all feedstocks, bulking agents and additives utilized in
the anaerobic digestion process.
(5) Pathogen reduction alternative P-5: class
B composting.
(a) Requirements for achieving
pathogen reduction alternative P-5: class B composting. The requirements for
achieving alternative P-5 include
both of the
following:
(i) Operating in accordance
with the requirements of Chapters 3704. and 6111. of the Revised Code, section
3745.11 of the Revised Code and
rules adopted there under. Such treatment works shall not be subject to the
requirements in
Chapter 3745-560
rules 3745-27-40 to 3745-27-47 of the Administrative
Code and Chapter 3745-37 of the Administrative Code if all
of the following conditions are met:
(a) The owner or operator of the treatment
works is operating the treatment works in accordance with an NPDES permit
issued in accordance with Chapter 6111. of the Revised Code;
.
(b) The owner or operator of the treatment
works composts sewage sludge or biosolids exclusively with bulking agents or
additives, as defined in rule
rules 3745-27-01 and 3745-27-40
3745-560-02 of the Administrative Code; and
.
(c) The owner or operator of the treatment
works utilizes only sewage sludge, biosolids, yard waste, animal waste, food
scraps, food waste or an alternative feedstock
that has been approved by the director or an authorized representative as
feedstocks in the composting process;
and
.
(ii) Composting that is accomplished through
any of the following:
(a) In vessel composting, where
all of the following apply:
(i) The temperature of the compost medium is
maintained at forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees Fahrenheit) or
higher for five consecutive days throughout the entire composting medium;
.
(ii) For four consecutive hours during the
five day
five-day
period, the temperature of the composting medium must rise above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit); and
.
(iii) The temperature is measured at multiple
points and at a range of depths throughout the composting medium and shall be
recorded at the beginning of the compost process when the minimum temperature
has been reached, at least once daily, at least once per hour during the
four hour
four-hour period when the composting medium is above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) and at
the end of the five day
five-day period;
.
(b) Aerated static pile
composting, where
all of the following apply:
(i) The temperature of the composting medium
is maintained at forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees Fahrenheit) or
higher for five consecutive days throughout the entire composting medium;
.
(ii) For four consecutive hours during the
five day
five-day
period, the temperature of the composting medium must rise above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit);
.
(iii) One foot or greater of an insulation
material shall be placed over the surface of the aerated static pile to ensure
that the entire composting medium achieves forty degrees Celsius (one hundred
four degrees Fahrenheit) or higher. Finished compost used as insulation
material to cover the aerated static pile must be exceptional quality
biosolids; and
.
(iv) The
temperature is measured at multiple points and at a range of depths throughout
the composting medium, including the toes of the pile, and shall be recorded at
the beginning of the composting process, at least once daily, at least once per
hour during the
four hour
four-hour period that the composting medium is above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) and at
the end of the
five day
five-dayperiod
;
or
.
[Comment: It is recommended that a method be used that draws
air through the composting medium rather than blowing air through the medium.
Drawing air through the composting medium provides greater odor control because
the compost air can be easily collected and then filtered or scrubbed.]
(c) Windrow composting,
where
all of the following apply:
(i) The temperature of the windrow of
composting medium shall be maintained at forty degrees Celsius (one hundred
four degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for a minimum of five consecutive days,
except during active turning or mixing of the windrow;
.
(ii) For four consecutive hours during the
five day
five-day
period, the temperature of the composting medium must rise above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit);
.
(iii) The windrow of composting medium shall
be turned or mixed during the five day
five-day period so that the entire compost medium has
maintained a temperature of forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees
Fahrenheit) for a minimum of five days. The turning or mixing shall be done by
a machine that moves the core of the composting material to the outside of the
windrow and moves the outside compost material into the core of the
windrow;
.
(iv) The
temperature of the windrow shall be at or above forty degrees Celsius (one
hundred four degrees Fahrenheit) within twenty-four hours after the turning or
mixing of the windrow is complete; and
.
(v) The
temperature is measured at multiple points and at a range of depths throughout
the composting medium, including the toes of the pile, and shall be recorded at
the beginning of the composting process, at least once daily, at least once per
hour during the
four hour
four-hour period that the composting medium is above
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) and at
the end of the
five day
five-dayperiod.
[Comment: It is recommended that treatment works allow sewage
sludge or biosolids to compost for a minimum of fourteen days for in-vessel
composting, twenty-one days for static aerated pile composting, or thirty days
for windrow composting to reduce volatile solids in the sewage sludge or
biosolids. Sewage sludge or biosolids that are composted for the minimum amount
of time by rule may still be odorous. Composting is generally considered
complete when the temperature of the compost returns to ambient
temperatures.]
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-5: composting.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) A description of the composting method,
including where the temperature shall be measured;
.
(ii) The weight or volume and general
counties of origin of all feedstocks, bulking agents and additives utilized in
the composting process; and
.
(iii) For in-vessel composting
, both of the following:
(a) The daily temperature records for each
vessel at each sample location that documents that the sewage sludge was
maintained at a temperature of forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees
Fahrenheit) for five days; and
.
(b) The
hourly readings for each vessel at each sample location showing that the
temperature exceeded fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees
Fahrenheit) for four consecutive hours;
or
.
(iv) For aerated static pile composting
, both of the following:
(a) The daily temperature records for each
aerated static pile at each sample location that documents that the sewage
sludge was maintained at a temperature of forty degrees Celsius (one hundred
four degrees Fahrenheit) for five days;
and
.
(b) The hourly readings for each aerated
static pile at each sample location showing that the temperature exceeded
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) for four
consecutive hours; or
.
(v) For windrow composting
, all of the following:
(a) The daily temperature records for each
windrow at each sample location that documents that the sewage sludge was
maintained at a temperature of forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees
Fahrenheit) for five days;
.
(b)
Hourly readings for each windrow at each sample location showing that the
temperature exceeded fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees
Fahrenheit) for four consecutive hours;
and
.
(c) Records that indicate the day and the
time of day each windrow was turned or mixed.
(6) Pathogen reduction alternative
P-6: lime treatment.
(a) Requirements for
achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-6: lime treatment. The requirements
for achieving alternative P-6 include
all of the
following:
(i) Adding sufficient lime
to the sewage sludge to raise the pH to twelve after two hours of
contact;
.
(ii)
Sufficient mixing to ensure that the entire mass of sewage sludge comes into
contact with the lime and achieves the minimum pH of twelve. The pH shall be
measured at several locations to ensure that the pH is raised throughout the
sewage sludge; and
.
(iii)
Incorporating measures
Utilizing best management procedures to minimize
odors.
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-6: lime treatment. Records
shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an authorized
representative with the annual report that include
all
of the following:
(i) A description of
how the pH is monitored throughout the sewage sludge and how the lime is mixed
into the sewage sludge;
.
(ii)
Records that initially document the pH of the sewage sludge once lime has been
added and then documents the pH again two hours after the addition of the
lime; and
.
(iii)
Records showing the amount of lime material that was added and when it was
added, expressed in dry tons.
[Comment: A variety of lime stabilization processes are
currently in use. The effectiveness of any lime stabilization process for
controlling pathogens depends on maintaining the pH at levels that reduce
microorganisms in the sewage sludge. Field experience has shown that the
authorized beneficial use of lime stabilized material after the pH has dropped
below 10.5 may, in some cases, create odor problems. Therefore, it is
recommended that biosolids beneficial use take place while the pH remains
elevated. If this is not possible, and odor problems develop, alternate
management practices in the field, including injection or incorporation or top
dressing the beneficially used biosolids with additional lime, shall be
performed. Alternate management practices, if the biosolids have not yet left
the treatment works, may include adding additional lime to maintain the
elevated pH or additional treatment through drying or composting.]
(7) Pathogen
reduction alternative P-7: equivalent process to significantly reduce
pathogens.
(a) Requirements for achieving
pathogen reduction alternative P-7: equivalent process to significantly reduce
pathogens. To achieve alternative P-7, a permittee
shall apply for and obtain an equivalency recommendation from the pathogen
equivalency committee of the United States environmental protection
agency.
sewage sludge that will be treated to
generate biosolids for beneficial use shall be treated in a process that is
equivalent to a process to significantly reduce pathogens, as determined by the
director.
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-7: equivalent process to
significantly reduce pathogens. The records of the operating parameters or
pathogen levels, as necessary to demonstrate the process equivalent to a
process to significantly reduce pathogens, shall be maintained and submitted to
the director or an authorized representative with the annual report.
(8) Pathogen reduction alternative
P-8: time and temperature regime.
(a)
Requirements for achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-8: time and
temperature regime. The requirements for achieving alternative P-8 include
maintaining a temperature in the sewage sludge at a specific value for a
specific time period, in accordance with
paragraphs
(B)(8)(a)(i) to (B)(8)(a)(iv) of this rule.
the
following:
(i) When the per cent solids
of the sewage sludge is seven per cent or higher, the temperature of the sewage
sludge shall be fifty degrees Celsius (one hundred twenty-two degrees
Fahrenheit) or higher, the time period shall be twenty minutes or longer and
the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation number one,
except when small particles of sewage sludge are heated by either warmed gases
or an immiscible liquid. Equation number one is
as
follows:
D = 131,000,000
131,700,000/100.1400 T
(where D equals time in days and T equals temperature in degrees
Celsius).
[Comment: The times and temperatures in table B-1 of this rule
provide common durations for common temperatures, relevant to the requirements
of paragraph (B)(8)(a)(i) of this rule.]
Table B-1: Time and temperature table for paragraph
(B)(8)(a)(i) of this rule.
|
Temperature in degrees Celsius
|
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
|
Duration in days
|
Duration in hours
|
Duration in minutes
|
|
50
|
122
|
14
|
--
|
--
|
|
52
|
125.6
|
7
|
--
|
--
|
|
54
|
129.2
|
4
|
--
|
--
|
|
56
|
132.8
|
2
|
--
|
--
|
|
58
|
136.4
|
--
|
24
|
--
|
|
60
|
140
|
--
|
13
|
--
|
|
62
|
143.6
|
--
|
7
|
--
|
|
64
|
147.2
|
--
|
4
|
--
|
|
66
|
150.8
|
--
|
2
|
--
|
|
68
|
154.4
|
--
|
--
|
57
|
|
70
|
158
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
72
|
161.6
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
74
|
165.2
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
76
|
168.8
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
78
|
172.4
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
80
|
176
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
82
|
179.6
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
84
|
183.2
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
Above 84
|
Above 183.2
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
(ii)
When the per cent solids of the sewage sludge is seven per cent or higher and
small particles of sewage sludge are heated by either warmed gases or an
immiscible liquid, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be fifty degrees
Celsius (one hundred twenty-two degrees Fahrenheit) or higher, the time period
shall be fifteen seconds or longer and the temperature and time period shall be
determined using equation number one
;
.
[Comment: The times and temperatures in table B-2 of this rule
provide common durations for common temperatures, relevant to the requirements
of paragraph (B)(8)(a)(ii) of this rule.]
Table B-2: Time and temperature table for paragraph
(B)(8)(a)(ii) of this rule.
|
Temperature in degrees Celsius
|
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
|
Duration in days
|
Duration in hours
|
Duration in minutes
|
Duration in seconds
|
|
50
|
122
|
14
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
|
52
|
125.6
|
7
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
|
54
|
129.2
|
4
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
|
56
|
132.8
|
2
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
|
58
|
136.4
|
1
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
|
60
|
140
|
--
|
13
|
--
|
--
|
|
62
|
143.6
|
--
|
7
|
--
|
--
|
|
64
|
147.2
|
--
|
4
|
--
|
--
|
|
66
|
150.8
|
--
|
2
|
--
|
--
|
|
68
|
154.4
|
--
|
--
|
57
|
--
|
|
70
|
158
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
--
|
|
72
|
161.6
|
--
|
--
|
16
|
--
|
|
74
|
165.2
|
--
|
--
|
9
|
--
|
|
76
|
168.8
|
--
|
--
|
5
|
--
|
|
78
|
172.4
|
--
|
--
|
3
|
--
|
|
80
|
176
|
--
|
--
|
2
|
--
|
|
82
|
179.6
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
38
|
|
84
|
183.2
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
Above 84
|
Above 183.2
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
15
|
(iii)
When the per cent solids of the sewage sludge is less than seven per cent and
the time period is at least fifteen seconds, but less than thirty minutes, the
temperature and time period shall be determined using equation number
one
; or
.
[Comment: Times and temperatures in table B-3 of this rule
provide common durations for common temperatures, relevant to the requirements
of paragraph (B)(8)(a)(iii) of this rule.]
Table B-3: Time and temperature table for paragraph
(B)(8)(a)(iii) of this rule.
|
Temperature in degrees Celsius
|
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
|
Duration in days
|
Duration in hours
|
Duration in minutes
|
Duration in seconds
|
|
70
|
158
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
--
|
|
72
|
161.6
|
--
|
--
|
15
|
--
|
|
74
|
165.2
|
--
|
--
|
9
|
--
|
|
76
|
168.8
|
--
|
--
|
5
|
--
|
|
78
|
172.4
|
--
|
--
|
3
|
--
|
|
80
|
176
|
--
|
--
|
2
|
--
|
|
82
|
179.6
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
38
|
|
84
|
183.2
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
20
|
|
Above 84
|
Above 183.2
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
15
|
(iv)
When the per cent solids of the sewage sludge is less than seven per cent, the
temperature of the sewage sludge is fifty degrees Celsius (one hundred
twenty-two degrees Fahrenheit) or higher, and the time period is thirty minutes
or longer, the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation
number two. Equation number two is
as follows:
D = 50,070,000/100.1400 T (Where D
equals time in days and T equals temperature in degrees Celsius.)
[Comment: The times and temperatures in table B-4 of this rule
provide common durations for common temperatures, relevant to the requirements
in paragraph (B)(8)(a)(iv) of this rule.]
Table B-4: Time and temperature table for paragraph
(B)(8)(a)(iv) of this rule.
|
Temperature in degrees Celsius
|
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
|
Duration in days
|
Duration in hours
|
Duration in minutes
|
|
50
|
122
|
5
|
--
|
--
|
|
52
|
125.6
|
3
|
--
|
--
|
|
54
|
129.2
|
2
|
--
|
--
|
|
56
|
132.8
|
--
|
18
|
--
|
|
58
|
136.4
|
--
|
10
|
--
|
|
60
|
140
|
--
|
5
|
--
|
|
62
|
143.6
|
--
|
3
|
--
|
|
64
|
147.2
|
--
|
2
|
--
|
|
66
|
150.8
|
--
|
--
|
42
|
|
68
|
154.4
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
70
|
158
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
72
|
161.6
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
74
|
165.2
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
76
|
168.8
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
78
|
172.4
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
80
|
176
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
82
|
179.6
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
84
|
183.2
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
|
Above 84
|
Above 183.2
|
--
|
--
|
30
|
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-8: time and temperature regime.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) The sewage sludge temperature;
.
(iii) The duration, in days, hours, minutes
and seconds, as applicable, that the temperature was maintained; and
.
(iv) Analytical results for per cent solids
of the sewage sludge or biosolids treated in the process.
(9) Pathogen reduction alternative
P-9: high pH and high temperature process.
(a) Requirements for achieving pathogen
reduction alternative P-9: high pH and high temperature process. The
requirements for achieving alternative P-9 include
all
of the following:
(i) Ensuring that the
pH of the sewage sludge is raised to above twelve and remains above twelve for
at least seventy-two hours;
.
(ii) Sufficient mixing to ensure that the
entire mass of sewage sludge comes into contact with the lime and achieves the
minimum pH of twelve. The pH shall be measured at several locations to ensure
that the pH is raised throughout the sewage sludge;
.
(iii) Ensuring that the temperature of the
sewage sludge is above fifty-two degrees Celsius (one hundred
twenty five
twenty-five and six tenths degrees Fahrenheit) for at
least twelve hours during the period that the pH is above twelve; and
.
(iv) Ensuring that at the end of the
seventy-two hour
seventy-two-hourperiod during which the pH of the
sewage sludge is above twelve, that the sewage sludge is air dried to a per
cent solids of greater than fifty per cent.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-9: high pH and high temperature process.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) Records of the sewage sludge pH at
start-up, at twenty-four hours, at forty-eight hours and at seventy-two
hours;
.
(iii)
The hourly sewage sludge temperature for the twelve hours that the temperature
is required to be maintained;
.
(iv) The
per cent solids of the sewage sludge after air drying;
.
(v) Records showing the amount of lime
material that was added and when it was added, expressed in dry tons; and
.
(vi) A description of how the pH and
temperature are maintained throughout the sewage sludge.
(10) Pathogen reduction
alternative P-10: exceptional quality composting.
(a) Requirements for achieving pathogen
reduction alternative P-10: exceptional quality composting. The requirements
for achieving alternative P-10 include
the
following:
(i) Operating in accordance
with the requirements of Chapters 3704. and 6111. of the Revised Code, section
3745.11 of the Revised Code and
any rules adopted there under. Such treatment works is not subject to the
requirements of
Chapter
rules 3745-27-40
3745-560to 3745-27-47 of
the Administrative Code and Chapter 3745-37 of the Administrative Code
if all the following conditions are met:
(a)
The owner or operator of the treatment works is operating the treatment works
in accordance with an NPDES permit issued in accordance with Chapter 6111. of
the Revised Code;
.
(b) The
owner or operator of the treatment works co-composts sewage sludge or biosolids
exclusively with bulking agents or additives, as defined in
rule
rules
3745-27-01
3745-560-02and
3745-27-40 of the Administrative Code, or alternative bulking agents
or additives that have been approved by the director or an authorized
representative; and
.
(c) The
owner or operator of the treatment works utilizes only sewage sludge,
biosolids, animal waste, food scraps, food waste
or an alternative feedstock that has been approved by the director or an
authorized representative as feedstocks in the composting process; and
.
(ii) Composting that is
accomplished through
any of the following
methods:
(a) In-vessel composting, where
both of the following conditions are met:
(i) The temperature of the composting medium
is maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees
Fahrenheit) or higher for seventy-two hours throughout the entire composting
medium; and
.
(ii) The
temperature is measured at multiple points and at a range of depths throughout
the composting medium and shall be recorded, at a minimum, at the beginning of
the composting process, at twenty-four hours, at forty-eight hours and at
seventy-two hours;
.
(b) Aerated static pile composting, where
all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The temperature of the composting medium
is maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees
Fahrenheit) or higher for seventy-two consecutive hours throughout the entire
composting medium;
.
(ii) One
foot or greater of an insulation material is placed over the surface of the
aerated static pile to help ensure that the entire composting medium achieves
fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) or
higher. Finished compost can be used as an insulation material to cover the
aerated static pile provided it is exceptional quality biosolids; and
.
(iii) The temperature is measured at multiple
points and at a range of depths throughout the composting medium including the
toes of the piles, and is recorded, at a minimum, at the beginning of the
composting process and at twenty-four, forty-eight and seventy-two hours at a
minimum
; or
.
[Comment: It is recommended that a method be used that draws
air through the composting medium rather than blowing air through the medium.
Drawing air through the composting medium provides greater odor control because
the air can be easily collected and then filtered or scrubbed.]
(c) Windrow composting,
where
all of the following conditions are met:
(i) The temperature of the composting medium
is maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees
Fahrenheit) or higher for a minimum of fifteen consecutive days, except during
active turning or mixing of the windrow;
.
(ii) The windrow of composting medium is
turned or mixed at seventy-two hour intervals during the
fifteen day
fifteen-day period, where the minimum number of
turnings or mixings is five;
.
(iii)
The turning or mixing is done by a machine that moves the core of the compost
material to the outside of the windrow and moves the outside compost material
into the core of the windrow;
.
(iv) The
core temperature of the windrow is at or above fifty-five degrees Celsius (one
hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) within twenty-four hours after each
turning or mixing of the windrow is complete;
and
.
(v) The temperature shall be measured in the
core of the windrow at various locations along the length of the windrow.
Temperatures shall be recorded at the same time daily, at a minimum, throughout
the
fifteen day
fifteen-day period.
[Comment: To reduce volatile solids, it is recommended that
in-vessel composting be conducted for a minimum of fourteen days, that static,
aerated pile composting be conducted for a minimum of twenty-one days and that
windrow composting be conducted for a minimum of thirty days. Sewage sludge or
biosolids that are composted for the minimum amount of times may still be
odorous.]
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for pathogen
reduction alternative P-10: composting.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) A description of the composting method,
including where the temperature was measured;
.
(iii) The weight or volume and general
counties of origin of all feedstocks, bulking agents and additives utilized in
the composting process;
.
(iv)
Records documenting the temperature maintained at or above fifty-five degrees
Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) for each sampling location:
(a) Three days for either in-vessel or
static, aerated pile composting; or
.
(b)
Fifteen days for windrow composting;
and
.
(v) If windrow composting was utilized
, both of the following:
(a) Records documenting the compost pile was
turned or mixed at least five times during the fifteen day
fifteen-day period;
and
.
(b) Records that indicate the day and the
time of day each windrow was turned or mixed.
(11) Pathogen reduction
alternative P-11: heat drying.
(a)
Requirements for achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-11: heat drying.
The requirements for achieving alternative P-11 include drying the sewage
sludge by direct or indirect contact with hot gases to increase the sewage
sludge to a per cent solids content of at least ninety per cent, where either
the temperature of the sewage sludge particles exceeds eighty degrees Celsius
(one hundred seventy-six degrees Fahrenheit) or the wet bulb temperature of the
gas in contact with the sewage sludge as the sewage sludge leaves the dryer
exceeds eighty degrees Celsius (one hundred seventy-six degrees
Fahrenheit).
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-11: heat drying.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) The per cent solids of the dried sewage
sludge; and
.
(iii)
Records documenting that the temperature of the sewage sludge particles or the
wet bulb temperature of exit gas exceeds eighty degrees Celsius (one hundred
seventy-six degrees Fahrenheit).
(12) Pathogen reduction alternative P-12:
thermophilic aerobic digestion.
(a)
Requirements for achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-12: thermophilic
aerobic digestion. The requirements for achieving alternative P-12 include
agitating the liquid sewage sludge with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic
conditions, where the mean cell residence time is ten days and the temperature,
which is measured at least once per day, is between fifty-five and sixty
degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees to one hundred forty degrees
Fahrenheit).
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-12: thermophilic aerobic
digestion.
The
All
of the following records shall be maintained and submitted to the
director or an authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) Records documenting the temperature was
maintained at fifty-five to sixty degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one
degrees to one hundred forty degrees Fahrenheit) in each digester;
.
and
(iii) Records documenting the mean cell
residence time was met in each digester.
(13) Pathogen reduction alternative P-13:
beta ray irradiation.
(a) Requirements for
achieving pathogen reduction alternative P-13: beta ray irradiation. To achieve
alternative P-13, the sewage sludge shall be irradiated with beta rays from an
accelerator at dosages of at least one megarad at room temperature
(approximately twenty degrees Celsius or sixty-eight degrees
Fahrenheit).
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-13: beta ray irradiation.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis;
.
(ii) The beta ray dosage; and
.
(iii) The ambient room temperature
records.
(14)
Pathogen reduction alternative P-14: gamma ray irradiation.
(a) Requirements for achieving pathogen
reduction alternative P-14: gamma ray irradiation. To achieve alternative P-14,
the sewage sludge shall be irradiated with gamma rays from certain isotopes,
such as \60\cobalt and \137\cesium, at dosages of at least one megarad at room
temperature (approximately twenty degrees Celsius or sixty-eight degrees
Fahrenheit).
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for pathogen reduction alternative P-14: gamma ray irradiation.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Documentation of the gamma ray isotope
uses;
.
(ii) The
gamma ray dosage;
.
(iii)
Ambient room temperature records; and
.
(iv)
Analytical results for density of fecal coliform bacteria expressed as the most
probable number (mpn) per gram of total solids in dry weight basis, or the
density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed as mpn per four grams of total
solids in dry weight basis.
(15) Pathogen reduction alternative P-15:
pasteurization.
(a) Requirements for achieving
pathogen reduction alternative P-15: pasteurization. To achieve alternative
P-15, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be maintained at seventy
degrees Celsius (one hundred fifty-eight degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for
thirty minutes or longer. A device shall be used to monitor the temperatures to
ensure that the temperature of the sewage sludge doe
snot
does not fall below seventy degrees
Celsius (one hundred fifty-eight degrees Fahrenheit) during the
thirty minute
thirty-minute period.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for
alternative P-15: pasteurization.
The
Both of the following records shall be maintained and
submitted to the director or an authorized representative with the annual
report:
(i) Analytical results for density of
fecal coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of
total solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria
expressed as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis; and
.
(ii) Records documenting that the temperature
was maintained at or above seventy degrees Celsius (one hundred fifty-eight
degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for at least thirty minutes throughout the sewage
sludge.
(16)
Pathogen reduction alternative P-16: equivalent process to further reduce
pathogens.
(a) Requirements for achieving
pathogen reduction alternative P-16. To achieve alternative P-16,
a permittee shall apply for and obtain an
equivalency recommendation from the pathogen equivalency committee of the
United States environmental protection agency.
sewage sludge that will be treated to generate biosolids for
beneficial use shall be treated in a manner that is equivalent to a process to
further reduce pathogens, as determined by the director.
(b) Recordkeeping requirement for pathogen
reduction alternative P-16: equivalent process to further reduce pathogens.
The
Both of
the following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director
or an authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Analytical results for density of fecal
coliform bacteria expressed as the most probable number (mpn) per gram of total
solids in dry weight basis, or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria expressed
as mpn per four grams of total solids in dry weight basis; and
.
(ii) Operating parameters or pathogen levels,
as necessary, to demonstrate that the process equivalent to a process to
further reduce pathogens has been achieved.
(C) Vector attraction reduction
options.
[Comment: In conjunction with an
applicable pathogen reduction alternative, vector attraction reduction
alternatives VAR-1 through VAR-8 can be used to achieve exceptional quality
biosolids. In conjunction with an applicable pathogen reduction alternative,
vector attraction reduction alternatives VAR-1 through VAR-10 can be used to
achieve class B biosolids.]
Class B biosolids. In addition to the applicable pathogen
reduction requirements and the pollutant concentration limits for metals in
this rule, a vector attraction reduction option in accordance with paragraphs
(C)(1) to (C)(10) of this rule shall be met in order to achieve class B
biosolids.
Exceptional quality biosolids. In addition to the applicable
pathogen reduction requirements and the pollutant concentration limits for
metals in this rule, a vector attraction reduction option in accordance with
paragraphs (C)(1) to (C)(8) of this rule shall be met after or at the same time as meeting pathogen reduction
requirements in paragraphs (B)(8) to (B)(16) of this rule to achieve
exceptional quality biosolids.
(1)
Vector attraction reduction option VAR-1: thirty-eight per cent volatile solids
reduction.
(a) Requirements for achieving
vector attraction reduction option VAR-1: thirty-eight per cent volatile solids
reduction. To achieve option VAR-1, the mass of volatile solids in the sewage
sludge shall be reduced by a minimum of thirty-eight per cent.
[Comment: Calculations for determining the volatile solids
reduction may be found in "Environmental Regulations and Technology, Control of
Pathogens and Vector Attraction in Sewage Sludge." This document can be found on the internet at:
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r92013/625r92013.htm.]
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for
vector attraction reduction option VAR-1: thirty-eight per cent volatile solids
reduction.
The
Both
of the following records shall be maintained and submitted to the
director or an authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) The volatile solids concentration of the
raw sewage sludge and the final sewage sludge and the location of each sample
taken; and
.
(ii) The
calculations showing that thirty-eight per cent volatile solids reduction was
achieved.
(2)
Vector attraction reduction option VAR-2: bench scale anaerobic digestion.
(a) Requirements for achieving vector
attraction reduction option VAR-2: bench scale anaerobic digestion. When the
thirty-eight per cent volatile solids reduction requirement in paragraph
(C)(1)(a) of this rule
can not
cannot be met for an anaerobically digested sewage
sludge, vector attraction reduction can be demonstrated by
both of the following:
(i) Digesting a portion of the previously
digested sewage sludge anaerobically in the laboratory in a bench scale unit
for at least forty additional days at a temperature between thirty and
thirty-seven degrees Celsius (eighty-six to ninety-eight degrees
Fahrenheit); and
.
(ii)
Showing that at the end of the forty days the volatile solids in the sewage
sludge at the beginning of that period is reduced by less than seventeen per
cent.
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for vector attraction reduction option VAR-2: bench scale
anaerobic digestion.
The
All of the following records shall be maintained and
submitted to the director or an authorized representative with the annual
report:
(i) A description of the bench scale
digester;
.
(ii) The
time in days that the sample was further digested in the bench scale
digester;
.
(iii)
Daily temperature records; and
.
(iv) The
volatile solids concentration of the sewage sludge before and after the bench
scale digestion.
(3) Vector attraction reduction option VAR-3:
bench scale aerobic digestion.
(a)
Requirements for achieving vector attraction reduction option VAR-3: bench
scale aerobic digestion. When the thirty-eight per cent volatile solids
reduction requirement in paragraph (C)(1)(a) of this rule
can not
cannot
be met for an aerobically digested sewage sludge, vector attraction reduction
can be demonstrated by
both of the following:
(i) Digesting a portion of the previously
digested sewage sludge that has a per cent solids of two per cent or less
aerobically in the laboratory in a bench-scale unit for thirty additional days
at twenty degrees Celsius (sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit); and
.
(ii) Showing that at the end of the thirty
days the volatile solids in the sewage sludge at the beginning of that period
is reduced by less than fifteen per cent.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-3: bench scale aerobic digestion.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) A description of the bench scale
digester;
.
(ii) The
time in days that the sample was further digested in the bench scale
digester;
.
(iii)
Daily temperature records; and
.
(iv) The
volatile solids concentration of the sewage sludge before and after the bench
scale digestion.
(4) Vector attraction reduction option VAR-4:
specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) test.
(a)
Requirements for achieving vector attraction reduction option VAR-4: specific
oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) test. To achieve option VAR-4, the specific oxygen
uptake rate for sewage sludge that is treated in an aerobic process at
temperatures between ten and thirty degrees Celsius (between fifty and
eighty-six degrees Fahrenheit), shall be equal to or less than 1.5 milligrams
of oxygen per hour per gram of total solids (dry weight basis) at a temperature
of twenty degrees Celsius (sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit). The temperature of
the sewage sludge to be tested shall be maintained at the same temperature as
it was in the digester.
(b)
SOUR testing shall be conducted in accordance with the
standard operating procedure developed under paragraph (C) of rule
3745-40-09 of the Administrative
Code. The standard operating procedure for SOUR testing shall take into account
the variability in flow rates and performance of the digester. SOUR tests shall
be run routinely so that sufficient data are available to indicate average
performance. To compensate for variability the arithmetic mean of a minimum of
seven successive SOUR tests taken over a two-week period shall give a SOUR of
less than or equal to 1.5 milligrams of oxygen per hour per gram of total
solids. At a minimum, SOUR testing shall be completed at the frequency required
by table B-1 of rule
3745-40-09 of the Administrative
Code.
(b)
(c) Recordkeeping requirements for vector attraction
reduction option VAR-4: specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) test.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) Dissolved oxygen readings for
the
each
sewage sludge sample taken every minute over a fifteen minute
fifteen-minute interval;
.
(ii) Calculations and temperature records
showing that
the
each test was corrected to twenty degrees Celsius
(sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit)
;
.
[Comment: To adjust the specific oxygen uptake rate to twenty
degrees Celsius, use the following equation:]
Click to
view image
(iii)
Total solids for the sewage sludge sample;
and
.
(5) Vector
attraction reduction option VAR-5: aerobic process time and temperature
treatment.
(a) Requirements for achieving
vector attraction reduction option VAR-5: aerobic process time and temperature
regime. Sewage sludge shall be treated in an aerobic process for fourteen days
or longer. During that time, the temperature of the sewage sludge shall be
higher than forty degrees Celsius (one hundred four degrees Fahrenheit) and the
average temperature of the sewage sludge shall be higher than forty-five
degrees Celsius (one hundred thirteen degrees Fahrenheit).
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-5: aerobic process time and temperature regime.
The
Both of
the following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director
or an authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) The sewage sludge detention time in the
aerobic digester or composting process;
and
.
(ii) Temperature records showing that the
average temperature was above forty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirteen
degrees Fahrenheit) and the minimum temperature was above forty degrees Celsius
(one hundred four degrees Fahrenheit) for fourteen consecutive days.
(6) Vector attraction
reduction option VAR-6: lime treatment.
(a)
Requirements for achieving vector attraction reduction option VAR-6: lime
treatment. The pH of sewage sludge shall be raised to twelve or higher by lime
addition and, without the addition of more lime, shall remain at twelve or
higher for two hours and then remain at 11.5 or higher for an additional
twenty-two hours.
(b) Recordkeeping
requirements for vector attraction reduction option VAR-6: lime treatment.
The
All of the
following records shall be maintained and submitted to the director or an
authorized representative with the annual report:
(i) A narrative description of how the pH was
monitored throughout the material for the applicable time period;
.
(ii) Records indicating that the pH was
maintained at or above twelve for two hours and at or above 11.5 for an
additional twenty-two hours; and
.
(iii) The number of dry tons of the lime
material that was added.
(7) Vector attraction reduction option VAR-7:
greater than or equal to seventy-five per cent solids.
(a) Requirements for achieving vector
attraction reduction option VAR-7: greater than or equal to seventy-five per
cent solids. The per cent solids of sewage sludge that does not contain
unstabilized solids generated in a primary wastewater treatment process shall
be equal to or greater than seventy-five per cent based on the per cent solids
and total solids prior to mixing with other materials.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-7: greater than or equal to seventy-five per
cent solids.
The
Both of thefollowing records shall be maintained and
submitted to the director or an authorized representative with the annual
report:
(i) Results of per cent solids
tests; and
.
(ii)
Records showing that the sewage sludge has been stabilized.
(8) Vector attraction
reduction option VAR-8: greater than or equal to ninety per cent solids.
(a) Requirements for achieving vector
attraction reduction option VAR-8: greater than or equal to ninety per cent
solids. The per cent solids of sewage sludge that contains unstabilized solids
generated in a primary wastewater treatment process shall be equal to or
greater than ninety per cent based on the per cent solids and total solids
prior to mixing with other materials until the biosolids are beneficially used.
Measures shall be taken to prevent odors and proper storage shall be provided
to avoid a decrease in per cent solids.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-8: greater than or equal to ninety per cent
solids. The results of the per cent solids tests on a dry weight basis shall be
maintained and submitted to the director or an authorized representative with
the annual report.
(9)
Vector attraction reduction option VAR-9: biosolids are injected below the
surface of the authorized beneficial use site.
(a) Requirements for achieving vector
attraction option VAR-9: biosolids are injected below the surface of the
authorized beneficial use site. Biosolids shall be injected below the surface
of the authorized beneficial use site, where no significant amount of biosolids
shall be present on the surface of the authorized beneficial use site within
one hour after the sewage sludge is injected.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-9: biosolids are injected below the surface of
the authorized beneficial use site. The certification statement, as required by
rule
3745-40-09 of the Administrative
Code, from the beneficial user shall be maintained and submitted to the
director or an authorized representative with the annual
report.
(10) Vector
attraction reduction option VAR-10: immediate incorporation of biosolids.
(a) Requirements for vector attraction
reduction option VAR-10: immediate incorporation of biosolids. Biosolids shall
be incorporated into the soil within six hours of delivery to the authorized
beneficial use site, unless otherwise specified by the director.
(b) Recordkeeping requirements for vector
attraction reduction option VAR-10: immediate incorporation of biosolids. The
certification statement from the beneficial user shall be maintained and
submitted to the director or an authorized representative with the annual
report.
(D)
Metals concentration limits.
(1) No person
shall beneficially use biosolids if any monitoring result indicates that a
pollutant concentration exceeds the pollutant ceiling concentration listed in
table D-1 of this rule.
[Comment: If more than one monitoring event occurs for the
pollutants listed in table D-1 of this rule then all monitoring results must
show pollutant levels below the pollutant ceiling concentrations listed in
table D-1 of this rule. Monitoring results can
not
cannot be averaged to show that
pollutant levels are below the pollutant ceiling concentrations listed in table
D-1 of this rule.]
(2) If a
monitoring result indicates that a pollutant exceeds the pollutant ceiling
concentrations listed in table D-1 of this rule, a permittee shall either
dispose of the sewage sludge within a landfill or return the sewage sludge to
the initial stage of the sewage sludge treatment train. If the permittee
returns the sewage sludge to the sewage sludge treatment train, monitoring
shall be repeated and the results must indicate that pollutants do not exceed
the pollutant ceiling concentrations listed in table D-1 of this rule before
biosolids are removed from the treatment works for beneficial use.
(3) No person shall beneficially use
biosolids at an authorized beneficial use site subject to the cumulative
pollutant loading rates established in table D-2 of this rule if any of the
cumulative pollutant loading rates in table D-2 of this rule have been reached
at the authorized beneficial use site.
(4) The pollutant ceiling concentrations,
cumulative pollutant loading rates, and pollutant reporting period average
concentrations for biosolids shall, as applicable, not exceed the
concentrations listed in table D-1, table D-2 and table D-3 of this rule or as
required by
part 503 of 40 C.F.R.
part 503.
(5) Before class B biosolids subject to the
cumulative pollutant loading rates in this rule are applied at an authorized
beneficial use site in Ohio, the person who proposes to beneficially use the
class B biosolids shall contact the Ohio environmental protection agency
division of surface water to determine whether class B biosolids subject to the
cumulative pollutant loading rates in this rule have been beneficially used at
the authorized beneficial use site since July 20, 1993.
(a) If beneficial use of class B biosolids
subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates has not occurred since July
20, 1993, the cumulative amount for each pollutant listed in this rule may be
applied at the authorized beneficial use site in accordance with this
chapter.
(b) If class B biosolids
subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates have been beneficially used
at the authorized beneficial use site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative
amount of each pollutant beneficially used at the authorized beneficial use
site since that date is known, the cumulative amount of each pollutant applied
at the authorized beneficial use site shall be used to determine the additional
amount of each pollutant that can be applied at the authorized beneficial use
site in accordance with this chapter.
(c) If class B biosolids subject to the
cumulative pollutant loading rates have been beneficially used at the
authorized beneficial use site since July 20, 1993, and the cumulative amount
of each pollutant applied at the authorized beneficial use site since that date
is not known, an additional amount of each pollutant shall not be applied at
the authorized beneficial use site.
(6) Any person who beneficially uses class B
biosolids subject to the cumulative pollutant loading rates in this rule at an
authorized beneficial use site in Ohio shall provide written notice to the
appropriate Ohio environmental protection agency district office prior to
initial beneficial use of class B biosolids at the authorized beneficial use
site. The Ohio environmental protection agency shall retain and provide access
to the notice. The notice shall include
both of
the following:
(a) The location of the
authorized beneficial use site by either street address or latitude and
longitude of the center of the beneficial use site;
and
.
(b) The name, address, telephone number and
NPDES permit number of the generator of the class B biosolids.
Table D-1: Pollutant ceiling concentration limits.
|
Pollutant
|
Pollutant ceiling concentration limit (milligrams per
kilogram dry weight basis)
|
|
Arsenic
|
75
|
|
Cadmium
|
85
|
|
Copper
|
4300
|
|
Lead
|
840
|
|
Mercury
|
57
|
|
Molybdenum
|
75
|
|
Nickel
|
420
|
|
Selenium
|
100
|
|
Zinc
|
7500
|
Table D-2: Pollutant cumulative pollutant load rates.
|
Pollutant
|
Pollutant cumulative pollutant load rates (pounds per
acre)
|
|
Arsenic
|
36.6
|
|
Cadmium
|
34.8
|
|
Copper
|
1339.9
|
|
Lead
|
267.9
|
|
Mercury
|
15.2
|
|
Nickel
|
375.1
|
|
Selenium
|
89.3
|
|
Zinc
|
2500.4
|
Table D-3: Pollutant reporting period average concentration
limits.
|
Pollutant
|
Pollutant reporting period average concentration limit
(milligrams per kilogram dry weight basis)
|
|
Arsenic
|
41
|
|
Cadmium
|
39
|
|
Copper
|
1500
|
|
Lead
|
300
|
|
Mercury
|
17
|
|
Nickel
|
420
|
|
Selenium
|
100
|
|
Zinc
|
2800
|
