Haw. Code R. § 11-266-104 - Standards to control organic emissions
(a) DRE standard.
(1) General. Except as provided in paragraph
(a)(3), a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste must achieve a
destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.99 percent for all organic
hazardous constituents in the waste feed. To demonstrate conformance with this
requirement, 99.99 percent DRE must be demonstrated during a trial burn for
each principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) designated (under paragraph
(a)(2)) in its permit for each waste feed. DRE is determined for each POHC from
the following equation:
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where:
Wln = Mass feed rate of one principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the hazardous waste fired to the boiler or industrial furnace;
and
Wout = Mass emission rate of the same POHC present in stack gas prior to release to the atmosphere.
(2) Designation of POHCs.
Principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) are those compounds for which
compliance with the DRE requirements of this section shall be demonstrated in a
trial burn in conformance with procedures prescribed in section 11-270-66. One
or more POHCs shall be designated by the director for each waste feed to be
burned. POHCs shall be designated based on the degree of difficulty of
destruction of the organic constituents in the waste and on their
concentrations or mass in the waste feed considering the results of waste
analyses submitted with Part B of the permit application. POHCs are most likely
to be selected from among those compounds listed in chapter 11-261, appendix
VIII that are also present in the normal waste feed. However, if the applicant
demonstrates to the director's satisfaction that a compound not listed in
appendix VIII or not present in the normal waste feed is a suitable indicator
of compliance with the DRE requirements of this section, that compound may be
designated as a POHC. Such POHCs need not be toxic or organic
compounds.
(3) Dioxin-listed waste.
A boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste containing (or derived
from) EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 must
achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.9999 percent for each
POHC designated (under paragraph (a)(2)) in its permit. This performance must
be demonstrated on POHCs that are more difficult to burn than tetra-, penta-,
and hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. DRE is determined for each
POHC from the equation in paragraph (a)(1). In addition, the owner or operator
of the boiler or industrial furnace must notify the director of intent to burn
EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027.
(4) Automatic waiver of DRE trial burn.
Owners and operators of boilers operated under the special operating
requirements provided by section 11-266-110 are considered to be in compliance
with the DRE standard of paragraph (a)(1) and are exempt from the DRE trial
burn.
(5) Low risk waste. Owners
and operators of boilers or industrial furnaces that burn hazardous waste in
compliance with the requirements of subsection 11-266-109(a) are considered to
be in compliance with the DRE standard of paragraph (a)(1) and are exempt from
the DRE trial burn.
(b)
Carbon monoxide standard.
(1) Except as
provided in subsection (c), the stack gas concentration of carbon monoxide (CO)
from a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste cannot exceed
one-hundred ppmv on an hourly rolling average basis (i.e., over any sixty
minute period), continuously corrected to seven percent oxygen, dry gas
basis.
(2) CO and oxygen shall be
continuously monitored in conformance with "Performance Specifications for
Continuous Emission Monitoring of Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen for Incinerators,
Boilers, and Industrial Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste" in appendix
IX.
(3) Compliance with the
one-hundred ppmv CO limit must be demonstrated during the trial burn (for new
facilities or an interim status facility applying for a permit) or the
compliance test (for interim status facilities). To demonstrate compliance, the
highest hourly rolling average CO level during any valid run of the trial burn
or compliance test must not exceed one-hundred ppmv.
(c) Alternative carbon monoxide standard.
(1) The stack gas concentration of carbon
monoxide (CO) from a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste may
exceed the one-hundred ppmv limit provided that stack gas concentrations of
hydrocarbons (HC) do not exceed twenty ppmv, except as provided by subsection
(f) for certain industrial furnaces.
(2) HC limits must be established under this
section on an hourly rolling average basis (i.e., over any sixty minute period), reported as propane, and continuously corrected to seven percent oxygen, dry
gas basis.
(3) HC shall be
continuously monitored in conformance with "Performance Specifications for
Continuous Emission Monitoring of Hydrocarbons for Incinerators, Boilers, and
Industrial Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste" in appendix IX. CO and oxygen
shall be continuously monitored in conformance with paragraph (b)(2).
(4) The alternative CO standard is
established based on CO data during the trial burn (for a new facility) and the
compliance test (for an interim status facility). The alternative CO standard
is the average over all valid runs of the highest hourly average CO level for
each run. The CO limit is implemented on an hourly rolling average basis, and
continuously corrected to seven percent oxygen, dry gas basis.
(d) Special requirements for
furnaces. Owners and operators of industrial furnaces (e.g., kilns, cupolas)
that feed hazardous waste for a purpose other than solely as an ingredient (see
subparagraph 11-266-103(a) (5) (ii)) at any location other than the end where
products are normally discharged and where fuels are normally fired must comply
with the hydrocarbon limits provided by subsection (c) or (f) irrespective of
whether stack gas CO concentrations meet the one-hundred ppmv limit of
subsection (b).
(e) Controls for
dioxins and furans. Owners and operators of boilers and industrial furnaces
that are equipped with a dry particulate matter control device that operates
within the temperature range of four-hundred and fifty to seven-hundred and
fifty degrees Fahrenheit, and industrial furnaces operating under an
alternative hydrocarbon limit established under subsection (f) must conduct a
site-specific risk assessment as follows to demonstrate that emissions of
chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans do not result in an increased
lifetime cancer risk to the hypothetical maximum exposed individual (MEI)
exceeding one in one-hundred-thousand:
(1)
During the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim status facility
applying for a permit) or compliance test (for interim status facilities),
determine emission rates of the tetra-octa congeners of chlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (CDDs/CDFs) using Method 0023A, Sampling
Method for Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
Emissions from Stationary Sources, EPA Publication SW-846, as incorporated by
reference in section 11-260-11.
(2)
Estimate the 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity equivalence of the tetra-octa CDDs/CDFs
congeners using "Procedures for Estimating the Toxicity Equivalence of
Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners" in appendix IX.
Multiply the emission rates of CDD/CDF congeners with a toxicity equivalence
greater than zero (see the procedure) by the calculated toxicity equivalence
factor to estimate the equivalent emission rate of 2,3,7,8-TCDD;
(3) Conduct dispersion modeling using methods
recommended in appendix W of 40 CFR Part 51 ("Guideline on Air Quality Models
(Revised)" (1986) and its supplements), the "Hazardous Waste Combustion Air
Quality Screening Procedure", provided in appendix IX of this chapter, or in
Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air Quality Impact of Stationary
Sources, Revised (incorporated by reference in section 11-260-11) to predict
the maximum annual average off-site ground level concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD
equivalents determined under paragraph (e)(2) of this section. The maximum
annual average concentration must be used when a person resides on-site;
and
(4) The ratio of the predicted
maximum annual average ground level concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents
to the risk-specific dose for 2,3,7,8-TCDD provided in appendix V (2.2 X
10"7) shall not exceed 1.0.
(f) Monitoring CO and HC in the by-pass duct
of a cement kiln. Cement kilns may comply with the carbon monoxide and
hydrocarbon limits provided by subsections (b), (c), and (d) by monitoring in
the by-pass duct provided that:
(1) Hazardous
waste is fired only into the kiln and not at any location downstream from the
kiln exit relative to the direction of gas flow; and
(2) The by-pass duct diverts a minimum of ten
percent of kiln off-gas into the duct.
(g) Use of emissions test data to demonstrate
compliance and establish operating limits. Compliance with the requirements of
this section must be demonstrated simultaneously by emissions testing or during
separate runs under identical operating conditions. Further, data to
demonstrate compliance with the CO and HC limits of this section or to
establish alternative CO or HC limits under this section must be obtained
during the time that DRE testing, and where applicable, CDD/CDF testing under
subsection (e) and comprehensive organic emissions testing under subsection (f)
is conducted.
(h) Enforcement. For
the purposes of permit enforcement, compliance with the operating requirements
specified in the permit (under section 11-266-102) will be regarded as
compliance with this section. However, evidence that compliance with those
permit conditions is insufficient to ensure compliance with the requirements of
this section may be "information" justifying modification or revocation and
re-issuance of a permit under section 11-270-41.
Notes
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