Conflict of laws refers to a difference between the laws of two or more jurisdictions with some connection to a case, such that the outcome depends on which jurisdiction's law will be used to resolve each issue in dispute. The conflicting legal rules may come from U.S. federal law, the laws of U.S. states, or the laws of other countries.
Confrontation Clause refers to the provision in the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution that "in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right...to be confronted with the witnesses against him.”
Congressional powers refer to the authority Congress has to create legislation. These powers are enumerated and Article I of the U.S. Constitution creates and defines the powers of Congress. For more on specific congressional powers, see:
A constitution is the most fundamental law of a sovereign body. The term is capitalized only when referring to a specific constitution (e.g., U.S. Constitution, Texas Constitution, etc.).
In many cases, "constitution" refers to a single written document that explicitly creates government institutions, defines the scope of government power, and guarantees certain civil liberties.
An amendment is a formal revision or addition to the US Constitution. As per Article V of the Constitution, there are several methods to propose an amendment. Once an amendment is proposed, it requires the approval of ¾ of the states to be ratified.
Constitutional avoidance is the doctrine that, if possible, the Supreme Court should avoid ruling on constitutional issues, and resolve the cases before them on other (usually statutory) grounds.
The U.S. Constitution (including its Amendments) is made up of hundreds of clauses. Some of the clauses are more important than others; the scope, meaning, and effect of which are the subject of widespread debate. For convenience, these clauses are given names by which they may be referred.
The following includes some of the more important clauses:
Corpus is a Latin word for "body" which can have several meanings, including referring to the body of the prisoner (as in habeas corpus) in the context of criminal law.
Covert propaganda refers to media materials prepared by a government agency and then disseminated by a non-government outlet with the source undisclosed.
